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        Organic Acids Derived from Saliva-amalgamated Betel Quid Filtrate Are Predicted as a Ten-eleven Translocation-2 Inhibitor

        Bhatkar Devyani,Ananda Nistha,Lokhande Kiran Bharat,Khunteta Kratika,Jain Priyadarshini,Hebale Ameya,Sarode Sachin C.,Sharma Nilesh Kumar 대한암예방학회 2023 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.28 No.3

        There is a lack of evidence regarding the use of betel quid (BQ) and its potential contribution to oral cancer. Limited attention has been directed towards investigating the involvement of BQ-derived organic acids in the modulation of metabolic-epigenomic pathways associated with oral cancer initiation and progression. We employed novel protocol for preparing saliva-amalgamated BQ filtrate (SABFI) that mimics the oral cavity environment. SABFI and saliva control were further purified by an in-house developed vertical tube gel electrophoresis tool. The purified SABFI was then subjected to liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry analysis to identify the presence of organic acids. Profiling of SABFI showed a pool of prominent organic acids such as citric acid. malic acid, fumaric acid, 2-methylcitric acid, 2-hydroxyglutarate, cis-aconitic acid, succinic acid, 2-hydroxyglutaric acid lactone, tartaric acid and β-ketoglutaric acid. SABFI showed anti-proliferative and early apoptosis effects in oral cancer cells. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations predicted that SABFI-derived organic acids as potential inhibitors of the epigenetic demethylase enzyme, Ten-Eleven Translocation-2 (TET2). By binding to the active site of α-ketoglutarate, a known substrate of TET2, these organic acids are likely to act as competitive inhibitors. This study reports a novel approach to study SABFI-derived organic acids that could mimic the chemical composition of BQ in the oral cavity. These SABFI-derived organic acids projected as inhibitors of TET2 and could be explored for their role oral cancer

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        Effect of High Myopia on Optic Nerve Head by Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy in Nepalese Eyes

        Gauri Shankar Shrestha,Sagun Narayan Joshi,Madhu Thapa,ananda kumar sharma 대한안과학회 2019 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.33 No.2

        Purpose: To compare parameters of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph[HRT] II) in high myopia with age- and sex-matched emmetropes. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Nepalese subjects aged 18 to 35years at BP Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu fromNovember 2015 to October 2016. Fifty consecutive subjects with high myopia (spherical equivalent rangingfrom -6.00 to -12.00 diopters) and age- and sex-matched emmetropic subjects were enrolled for comparison. Correlations between disc area and other HRT parameters, asymmetry between the right and left eyes, andcomparisons between male and female subjects in both high myopic and emmetropic groups were evaluated. Results: Disc area was not significantly (p = 0.11) larger in high myopic eyes than in emmetropic eyes. HRTparameters in highly myopic eyes involved smaller cup parameters and greater rim parameters comparedwith emmetropic eyes. Disc area was found to be significantly positively correlated with inter disc parametersand significantly negatively correlated with rim to disc area ratio in the high myopia group. Disc area and otherintra-disc parameters showed significant correlations between right and left eyes in both high myopia and emmetropia,and no significant differences between males and females from a Nepalese population. Conclusions: Characteristics of HRT parameters in high myopic eyes involved smaller cup parameters andgreater rim parameters compared with emmetropic eyes in a Nepalese population. The effect of disc area onHRT parameters differed significantly only in height variation contour by emmetropic eyes.

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