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Pharmacological potential of ginseng and its major component ginsenosides
Zubair Ahmed Ratan,Mohammad Faisal Haidere,Yo Han Hong,Sang Hee Park,Jeong-Oog Lee,Jongsung Lee,Jae Youl Cho 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.2
Ginseng has been used as a traditional herb in Asian countries for thousands of years. It contains a large number of active ingredients including steroidal saponins, protopanaxadiols, and protopanaxatriols, collectively known as ginsenosides. In the last few decades, the antioxidative and anticancer effects of ginseng, in addition to its effects on improving immunity, energy and sexuality, and combating cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and neurological diseases, have been studied in both basic and clinical research. Ginseng could be a valuable resource for future drug development; however, further higher quality evidence is required. Moreover, ginseng may have drug interactions although the available evidence suggests it is a relatively safe product. This article reviews the bioactive compounds, global distribution, and therapeutic potential of plants in the genus Panax.
Zubair, Muhammad,Razzaq, Abdul,Grimes, Craig A.,In, Su-Il Elsevier 2017 Journal of CO<SUB>2</SUB> utilization Vol.20 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Development of photocatalytic materials for achieving the aspects of cost-effectiveness, improved performance and high stability is a subject of enormous interest among the photocatalysis research society. With the aim of achieving above mentioned features, herein we report a noble metal free, solar-light active, efficient and highly stable hybrid Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSnS<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTS)-ZnO photocatalyst, synthesized by a simple two-step process. The morphological, crystalline, band alignment, optical and electronic properties of the prepared samples are intensively investigated. Photocatalytic performance is evaluated by measuring, under the simulated solar light, the ability of the photocatalyst to convert CO<SUB>2</SUB> into hydrocarbon fuels, primarily CH<SUB>4</SUB>. Our optimum CZTS-ZnO photocatalyst sample exhibits a CH<SUB>4</SUB> yield of 138.90 ppmg<SUP>−1</SUP> h<SUP>−1</SUP>, a factor of≈31 times greater than the un-sensitized ZnO nanorods, and≈22 times greater than the CZTS nanoparticles; with excellent stability yielding similar CH<SUB>4</SUB> production up to five test-cycles. The enhanced performance of the hybrid, noble metal-free photocatalyst can be attributed to improved light absorption and efficient separation of the photogenerated charge due to the Z-scheme heterojunction interface.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Synthesis of hybrid Z-scheme CZTS-ZnO photocatalysts active under simulated solar light. </LI> <LI> The photocatalyst is prepared using a simple, low-cost two-step process. </LI> <LI> Varied CZTS amount influences the optical properties of materials. </LI> <LI> Hybrid photocatalysts are investigated for photocatalytic CO<SUB>2</SUB> conversion. </LI> <LI> The CO<SUB>2</SUB> conversion is mainly influenced by optical and charge separation due to Z-scheme heterojunction formation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
( Zubair Ahmad Khattak ),( Jamalul-lail Ab Manan ),( Suziah Sulaiman ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2012 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.6 No.9
In a traditional Single Sign-On (SSO) scheme, the user and the Service Providers (SPs) have given their trust to the Identity Provider (IdP) or Authentication Service Provider (ASP) for the authentication and correct assertion. However, we still need a better solution for the local/ native true SSO to gain user confidence, whereby the trusted entity must play the role of the ASP between distinct SPs. This technical gap has been filled by Trusted Computing (TC), where the remote attestation approach introduced by the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) is to attest whether the remote platform integrity is indeed trusted or not. In this paper, we demonstrate a Trustworthy Mutual Attestation (TMutualA) protocol as a proof of concept implementation for a local true SSO using the Integrity Measurement Architecture (IMA) with the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). In our proposed protocol, firstly, the user and SP platform integrity are checked (i.e., hardware and software integrity state verification) before allowing access to a protected resource sited at the SP and releasing a user authentication token to the SP. We evaluated the performance of the proposed TMutualA protocol, in particular, the client and server attestation time and the round trip of the mutual attestation time.
Zubair Ahmed,Sang Eun Oh,In S. Kim 대한환경공학회 2009 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.14 No.4
This study investigated the effects of organic loading rates on simultaneous carbon and nitrogen removal in an innovative fixed-film aerobic bioreactor. The fixed-film bioreactor (FFB) was composed of a two-compartment aeration tank, in which a synthetic filamentous carrier was submerged as biofilm support media, and a settling tank which polyvinylidene media (Saran) was used as settling aid for suspended solids. Three different organic loading rates, ranging from 0.92-2.02 kg chemical oxygen demand/m3/day were applied by varying hydraulic retention time (HRT). The total soluble organic carbon removal efficiencies were in the range of 90-97%. The removal efficiency of ammonia was found to be in the range of 70-84%. Total nitrogen removal efficiency was found to be in the range of 40-45%, which indicates that denitrification reactions occurred simultaneously in the attached biofilm on the fibrous media in the aeration tank. The settling performance of suspended solids was significantly improved due to the presence of Saran media in the settling compartment, even for a short HRT. The fixed-film aerobic bioreactor used in this study demonstrated efficient treatment efficiency even at higher organic loading rates and at short HRTs.