Inhaled iloprost can improve oxygenation and shunt fraction in severe COVID-19

Christiaan M.C. Serbanescu-Kele Apor de Zalán,Norbert A. Foudraine,Jos L.M.L. Le Noble 대한중환자의학회 2022 Acute and Critical Care Vol.37 No.1

OTUD7B controls non-canonical NF-kB activation through deubiquitination of TRAF3

( Hongbo Hu ),( George C Brittain ),( Jae Hoon Chang ),( Nahum Puebla Osorio ),( Jin Jin ),( Anna Zal ),( Yichuan Xiao ),( Xuhong Cheng ),( Mikyoung Chang ),( Yang Xin Fu ),( Tomasz Zal ),( Chengming 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway forms a major arm of NF-κB signalling that mediates important biological functions, including lymphoid organogenesis, B-lymphocyte function, and cell growth and survival. Activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway involves degradation of an inhibitory protein, TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), but how this signalling event is controlled is still unknown. Here we have identified the deubiquitinase OTUD7B as a pivotal regulator of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway. OTUD7B deficiency in mice has no appreciable effect on canonical NF-κB activation but causes hyperactivation of non-canonical NF-κB. In response to non-canonical NF-κB stimuli, OTUD7B binds and deubiquitinates TRAF3, thereby inhibiting TRAF3 proteolysis and preventing aberrant non-canonical NF-κB activation. Consequently, the OTUD7Bdeficiency results in B-cell hyper-responsiveness to antigens, lymphoid follicular hyperplasia in the intestinal mucosa, and elevated host-defence ability against an intestinal bacterial pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. These findings establish OTUD7B as a crucial regulator of signal-inducednon-canonical NF-κB activation and indicate a mechanism of immune regulation that involves OTUD7B-mediated deubiquitination and stabilization of TRAF3.

Medicinal Chemistry : ARTICLE ; Regulation of T-cell activation and migration by the kinase TBK1 during neuroinflammation

( Jia Yi Yu ),( Xiao Fei Zhou ),( Mi Kyoung Chang ),( Mako Nakaya ),( Jae Hoon Chang ),( Yi Chuan Xiao ),( J. William Lindsey ),( Stephanie Dorta Estremera ),( Wei Cao ),( Anna Zal ),( Tomasz Zal ),( 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

Development of an immune or autoimmune response involves T-cell activation in lymphoid organs and subsequent migration to peripheral tissues. Here we show that T-cell-specific ablation of the kinase TBK1 promotes T-cell activation but causes retention of effector T cells in the draininglumph node in a neuroinflammatory autoimmunity model,experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).Atolder ager,the T-cell-conditional TBK1-knockout mice also spontaneously accumulate T cells with activated phenotype.TBK1 contrlos the activation of AKT and its downsream kinase m TIORC1 by a mechanism involving TBK1-stimulated AKT ubiquitination and degradation. The deregulated AKT-mTORC1 signalling in turn contributes to enhanced T-cell activation and impaired effector T-cell egress from draining lymph nodes. Treatment of mice with a small-molecule inhibitor fo TBK1 inhibits EAE induction. These results suggest a role for TBK1 in regulating T-cell migration and establish TBK1 as a regulator of the AKT-mTORC1 signalling axis.

Geochemistry and formation of tourmaline nodules in Mashhad leucogranite, Iran

Zahra Tahmasbi,Farhad Zal,Ahmad Ahmadi Khalaji 한국지질과학협의회 2017 Geosciences Journal Vol.21 No.3

Nodular tourmalines composed of dark cores and white haloes occur in the Mashhad leucogranite. The cores are made up of tourmaline and quartz, and the haloes of quartz, muscovite, microcline and orthoclase. The host granite consists of quartz, plagioclase, microcline, muscovite and biotite. Geochemical analyses show that the studied tourmalines are schorl. They are characterized by oscillatory zoning, increasing concentrations of Ca and Mg from core to rim, moderate Fe/Fe + Mg ratios (56–63), and REE distribution patterns similar to those of the host granite. The tourmalines exhibit high Ti content due to breakdown of biotite. Petrographic and geochemical results show that the formation of tourmaline can be attributed to two stages. In the first stage, bubbles containing vapor-rich liquid, Fe, and B were generated by magma differentiation. During rise and cooling of the magma, core tourmaline was produced with Fe rich schorl composition. In the second stage, the tourmaline composition changed to that of Mg rich schorl because of the decomposition of biotite (biotite is considered as a source of Mg), and the mixing with vapor-rich liquid in bubbles.

Designing a Non-invasive Surface Acoustic Resonator for Ultra-high Sensitive Ethanol Detection for an On-the-spot Health Monitoring System

Peyman Jahanshahi,Qin Wei,Zhang Jie,Erfan Zal Nezhad 한국생물공학회 2018 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.23 No.4

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors – based on piezoelectric crystal resonators – are extremely sensitive to even very small perturbations in the external atmosphere, because the energy associated with the acoustic waves is confined to the crystal surface. In this study, we present a critical review of the recent researches and developments predominantly used for SAW-based organic vapor sensors, especially ethanol. Besides highlighting their potential to realize real-time ethanol sensing, their drawbacks such as indirect sensing, invasive, time initializing, and low reliability, are properly discussed. The study investigates a proposed YZ-lithium niobate piezoelectric substrate with interdigital transducers patterned on the surface. Design of the resonator plays an important role in improving mass sensitivity, particularly the sensing area. Accordingly, a tin dioxide (SnO2) layer with a specific thickness is generated on the surface of the sensor because of its high affinity to ethanol molecules. To determine the values of sensor configuration without facing the practical problems and the long theoretical calculation time, it is shown that the mass sensitivity of SAW sensors can be calculated by a simple three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA) using a commercial finite-element platform. In design validation step, different concentrations of ethanol are applied to investigate the acoustic wave properties of the sensor. The FEA data are used to obtain the surface and bulk total displacements of the sensor and fast Fourier transform (FFT) on output spectrum. The sensor could develop into highly sensitive and fast responsive structure so that a positive intensity shift of 0.18e-2 RIU is observed when the sensor is exposed to 15 ppm ethanol. It is capable of continuously monitoring the ethanol gas whether as an ultra-high sensitive sensor or switching applications for medical and industrial purposes.

The internal flow field simulation of the cyclone separator of different structures

Chen Xin,Liu Jin(유진),Erfan Zal Nezhad 대한기계학회 2016 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2016 No.12

In view of the increasingly serious problems of oily waste water treatment, this paper encompasse d development structure parametric and operating condition of defiling hydrocyclone by CFD simulation. The large eddy simulation was used to calculate the hydrocyclones of different structures. The main aim was to study the effects of different structure sizes and operating conditions on the performances of hydrocyclone. The results showed that in the straight pipe hydrocyclone and taper pipe hydrocyclone, the pressure and flowing radius were positively correlated. The pressure decreased with the reducing of the flowing radius, and the pressure reaches the lowest point at the central axis part. If tangential speed increased, the centrifugal force would be strengthened which can help oil drop move to the center part. Therefore, the separation efficiency was improved. On the contrary, the separation efficiency would decrease. However, it was not true that the bigger the tangential speed was, the better it was. If the tangential speed was too fast, the shear stress borne by the oil drop would increase which may cause the oil drop breakage and would aggravate the oil drop emulsification. This was not benefit to improve the separation efficiency. The oil and water separation effect of the taper pipe hydrocyclone was better than that of straight pipe hydrocyclone.

Amelioration of lipid abnormalities by vitamin therapy in women using oral contraceptives

Torkzahrani, Shahnaz,Heidari, Afrooz,Mostafavi-pour, Zohreh,Ahmadi, Majid,Zal, Fatemeh The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2014 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.41 No.1

Objective: Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have some adverse effects on the serum lipid profile. Because hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors in cardiovascular diseases, lipid abnormalities should be evaluated in women consuming COCs. Vitamins E and C are known to have beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of vitamins E and C on serum lipids in women using COCs. Methods: The study compared changes in lipid parameters with and without vitamin therapy in women consuming COCs compared to those of a control group (40 non-contraceptive users or NCU) for 4 weeks. Total cholesterol and triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels along with HDL/LDL ratios were measured for all participants. Results: COC users experienced significantly higher increases in the levels of triglycerides and LDL than non-users (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were noted in the total cholesterol and HDL levels. In the treated COC group receiving vitamins E and C, the HDL level and the HDL/LDL ratio increased and the LDL and triglycerides levels decreased significantly compared with those of the other groups. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins E and C restores a normal lipid profile in COC users.

In-vitro evaluation of marginal and internal fit of 3-unit monolithic zirconia restorations fabricated using digital scanning technologies

Çise Özal,Mutahhar Ulusoy 대한치과보철학회 2021 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.13 No.6

PURPOSE. This study aimed to compare the marginal and internal fit of 3-unit monolithic zirconia restorations that were designed by using the data obtained with the aid of intraoral and laboratory scanners. MATERIALS AND METHODS. For the fabrication of 3-unit monolithic zirconia restorations using impressions taken from the maxillary master cast, plaster cast was created and scanned in laboratory scanners (InEos X5 and D900L). The main cast was also scanned with different intraoral scanners (Omnicam [OMNI], Primescan [PS], Trios 3 [T3], Trios 4 [T4]) (n = 12 per group). Zirconia fixed partial dentures were virtually designed, produced from presintered block, and subsequently sintered. Marginal and internal discrepancy values (in μm) were measured by using silicone replica method under stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by using 1-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests (P <.05). RESULTS. In terms of marginal adaptation, the measurements on the canine tooth indicated better performance with intraoral scanners than those in laboratory scanners, but there was no difference among intraoral scanners (P <.05). In the premolar tooth, PS had the lowest marginal (86.9 ± 19.2 μm) and axial (92.4 ± 14.8 μm), and T4 had the lowest axio-occlusal (89.4 ± 15.6 μm) and occlusal (89.1 ± 13.9 μm) discrepancy value. In both canine and premolar teeth, the D900L was found to be the most marginally and internally inconsistent scanner. CONCLUSION. Within the limits of the study, marginal and internal discrepancy values were generally lower in intraoral scanners than in laboratory scanners. Marginal discrepancy values of scanners were clinically acceptable (< 120 μm), except D900L.