Taguchi Approach for Anti-heat Stress Prescription Compatibility in Mice Spleen Lymphocytes In Vitro

Xiao-yu Zhu,Gui-lin Cheng,Feng-hua Liu,Jin Yu,Yu-jie Wang,Tong-quan Yu,Jian-qin Xu,Ming Wang 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.7

Heat stress (HS) may induce immunosuppression as well as inhibit the proliferation of lymphocytes. This study evaluated the effects on immune function of our prescription on splenic lymphocytes under HS as well as its compatibility. The effects of four herbal extracts from Agastache rugosa, Atractylodes lancea, Cortex Phellodendri, and Gypsum Fibrosum on heat treated splenic lymphocytes were investigated and the compatibility of the prescription was also explored by using the Taguchi method. This study revealed changes in proliferation by traditional Chinese medicines of splenic lymphocytes after HS. Proliferation in the HS group was significantly lower than the control group. Under HS, the effects of higher concentrations of Agastache rugosa (100 and 200 μg/mL), Atractylodes lancea (100 and 200 μg/mL), Cortex Phellodendri (50 and 100 μg/mL) and Gypsum Fibrosum (100 and 200 μg/mL) caused a significant increase on ConA/LPS-induced proliferation of lymphocytes than lower concentrations. We, therefore, conclude that the prescription of traditional Chinese medicines may recover splenic lymphocytes from the immunosuppression induced by HS. The Taguchi design, which allows rapid and high efficiency for the selection of the best conditions for our prescription on HS-treated splenic lymphocytes, demonstrated that Agastache rugosa (200 μg/mL), Atractylodes lancea (200 μg/mL), Cortex Phellodendri (100 μg/mL) and Gypsum Fibrosum (100 μg/mL)were the optimal conditions for the prescription. The validation experiment confirmed that our composition in optimum extraction conditions enhanced effects on ConA or LPS-stimulated lymphocytes under HS. The results showed that the Taguchi optimization approach is a suitable method for optimization of the composition of prescription.

Accelerating Dissolution of Polyacrylamide in Offshore Oil Field

Qin Yu,Xiangguo Lu,Defu Zhang,Kun Xie 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.10

The solubility of polyacrylamide significantly reduces the efficiency of polymer flooding in offshore oil fields, because of the low performance of polyacrylamide and the special environment. The objective of this paper is to investigate a novel approach to accelerate the dissolution of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) by adding a co-solvent cholamine (MEA). We investigated the effects of MEA on the microstructure and the performance of HPAM. Results showed that the addition of MEA and the temperature rise greatly shortened the dissolution time of HPAM, while improved the rheological property and seepage behavior. The enhanced solubility of polyacrylamide and the performance of polymer solution can be attributed to the enlarging of the molecular clew size, the stretching of molecular chains and the lowering of the glass transition temperature of HPAM. The new approach has high practical and the economic values for applications of the polymer flooding technology in offshore oilfields with complex reservoir conditions.

신에너지 자동차 안전관리에 관한 연구: 중국사회를 중심으로

( Yu Zhuo Qin ) 한국정책연구원 2022 한국정책논집 Vol.22 No.1

최근 몇 년간 환경보호의식이 지속적으로 강화되면서 신에너지 자동차가 대중들에게 점점 더 많이 이해되고 인식되고 있으며, 이와 관련된 안전문제도 대중들의 시야에 들어왔다. 신에너지 자동차가 가져오는 거대한 위험요인과 안전을 위협하는 사고 발생 가능성은 위기관리 연구 과제에서 무시할 수 없는 과제 중 하나가 될 것이다. 안전관리는 위기관리 시스템의 중요한 부분으로, 개인의 안전, 사회적 안정, 기업의 안정적 발전 등 실생활에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 에너지신차량의 잠재적 위험요인과 사고를 완전히 제거할 수는 없지만 위험요인 분석과 도입, 안전관리 개념을 통해 사고 회피가능성을 높이고 비상시 대응 시간을 최적화할 수 있다. 미래지향적인 사회를 위해 미리 준비할 수 있는 역할한다. In recent years, with the continuous enhancement of environmental protection awareness, new energy vehicles have become more and more understood and recognized by the public, and related safety issues have also entered the public's field of vision. The huge risk factors brought by new energy vehicles and the possibility of accidents threatening safety will become one of the tasks that cannot be ignored in crisis management research projects. Safety management is an important part of the crisis management system and plays an important role in real life, such as personal safety, social stability, and stable development of enterprises. Although this study cannot completely eliminate the potential risk factors and accidents of new energy vehicles, through the analysis and introduction of risk factors and the concept of safety management, the possibility of avoiding accidents can be improved and the response time of emergencies can be optimized. Prepare in advance for a future-oriented society.

Effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula and its extraction on muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs, porcine cell proliferation and isoforms of myosin heavy chain gene expression in myocytes

Yu, Qin Ping,Feng, Ding Yuan,He, Xiao Jun,Wu, Fan,Xia, Min Hao,Dong, Tao,Liu, Yi Hua,Tan, Hui Ze,Zou, Shi Geng,Zheng, Tao,Ou, Xian Hua,Zuo, Jian Jun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.11

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula (TCMF) on muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs and the effects of the formula's extract (distilled water, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extraction) on porcine cell proliferation and isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) gene expression in myocytes. Methods: In a completely randomized design, ninety pigs were assigned to three diets with five replications per treatment and six pigs per pen. The diets included the basal diet (control group), TCMF1 (basal diet+2.5 g/kg TCMF) and TCMF2 (basal diet+5 g/kg TCMF). The psoas major muscle was obtained from pigs at the end of the experiment. Muscle fiber characteristics in the psoas major muscle were analyzed using myosin ATPase staining. Cell proliferation was measured using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) dye and cytometry. Isoforms of MyHC gene expression were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The final body weight and carcass weight of finishing pigs were increased by TCMF1 (p<0.05), while the psoas major muscle cross-sectional area was increased by TCMF (p<0.05). The cross-sectional area and diameter of psoas major muscle fiber Ι, IIA, and IIB were increased by TCMF2 (p<0.05). The cross-sectional area and fiber diameter of psoas major muscle fiber IIA and IIB were increased by diet supplementation with TCMF1 (p<0.05). Psoas major muscle fiber IIA and IIB fiber density from the pigs fed the TCMF1 diet and the type IIB fiber density from the pigs fed the TCMF2 diet were lower compared to pigs fed the control diet (p<0.05). Pigs fed TCMF2 had a higher composition of type Ι fiber and a lower percentage of type IIB fiber in the psoas major muscle (p<0.05). The expression levels of MyHC Ι, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx mRNA increased and the amount of MyHC IIb mRNA decreased in the psoas major muscle from TCMF2, whereas MyHC Ι and MyHC IIx mRNA increased in the psoas major muscle from TCMF1 (p<0.05). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ $coactivator-1{\alpha}$ and CaN mRNA expression in the psoas major muscle were up-regulated by TCMF (p<0.05). Porcine skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation was promoted by $4{\mu}g/mL$ and $20{\mu}g/mL$ TCMF water extraction (p<0.05). Both $1{\mu}g/mL$ and $5{\mu}g/mL$ of TCMF water extraction increased MyHC IIa, MyHC IIb, and MyHC IIx mRNA expression in porcine myocytes (p<0.05), while MyHC Ι mRNA expression in porcine myocytes was decreased by $5{\mu}g/mL$ TCMF water extraction (p<0.05). Porcine myocyte MyHC Ι and MyHC IIx mRNA expression were increased, and MyHC IIa and MyHC IIb mRNA expression were down-regulated by $5{\mu}g/mL$ TCMF ethyl acetate extraction (p<0.05). MyHC Ι and MyHC IIa mRNA expression in porcine myocytes were increased, and the MyHC IIb mRNA expression was decreased by $1{\mu}g/mL$ TCMF ethyl acetate extraction (p<0.05). Four isoforms of MyHC mRNA expression in porcine myocytes were reduced by $5{\mu}g/mL$ TCMF petroleum ether extraction (p<0.05). MyHC IIa mRNA expression in porcine myocytes increased and MyHC IIb mRNA expression decreased by $1{\mu}g/mL$ in a TCMF petroleum ether extraction (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results indicated that TCMF amplified the psoas major muscle cross-sectional area through changing muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs. This effect was confirmed as TCMF extraction promoted porcine cell proliferation and affected isoforms of MyHC gene expression in myocytes.

Joint Uplink and Downlink Resource Allocation in Data and Energy Integrated Communication Networks

( Qin Yu ),( Kesi Lv ),( Jie Hu ),( Kun Yang ),( Xuemin Hong ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.6

In this paper, we propose a joint power control strategy for both the uplink and downlink transmission by considering the energy requirements of the user equipments` uplink data transmissions in data and energy integrated communication networks (DEINs). In DEINs, the base station (BS) adopts the power splitting (PS) aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique in the downlink (DL) transmissions, while the user equipments (UEs) carry out their own uplink (UL) transmissions by exploiting the energy harvested during the BS`s DL transmissions. In our DEIN model, there are UEs served by the BS in order to fulfil both of their DL and UL transmissions. The orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technique is adopted for supporting the simultaneous transmissions of multiple UEs. Furthermore, a transmission frame is divided into time slots in the medium access control (MAC) layer. The mathematical model is established for maximizing the sum-throughput of the UEs` DL transmissions and for ensuring their fairness during a single transmission frame , respectively. In order to achieve these goals, in each transmission frame T, we optimally allocate the BS`s power for each subcarrier and the PS factor for each UE during a specific time slot. The original optimisation problems are transformed into convex forms, which can be perfectly solved by convex optimisation theories. Our numerical results compare the optimal results by conceiving the objective of maximising the sum-throughput and those by conceiving the objective of maximising the fair-throughput. Furthermore, our numerical results also reveal the inherent tradeoff between the DL and the UL transmissions.

Flow performance of cryomodules in C-ADS InjectorⅡ

Yu-Qin WAN,Yan-Ning HAN,Jun-Hui Zhang,Chao Li 한국초전도저온학회 2022 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.24 No.3

Two β=0.10 cryomodules are required for the China Accelerator Driven Subcritical System (C-ADS) injector II accelerator. Flow design is of great importance in the performance of cryomodules, including thermal design, flow distribution, pressure dropand so on. This paper will study convection heat transfer of helium and relation among the pipe diameter, mass flow rate andReynolds number. Furthermore, the influence of flow geometries on pressure drop and flow distribution will also be done. It wasfound that the theoretical flow distribution were in good agreement with the experimental data.

Exogenous Morphine Inhibits Human Gastric Cancer MGC-803 Cell Growth by Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Induction

Qin, Yi,Chen, Jing,Li, Li,Liao, Chun-Jie,Liang, Yu-Bing,Guan, En-Jian,Xie, Yu-Bo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Morphine is not only an analgesic treating pain for patients with cancer but also a potential anticancer drug inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation. To gain better insight into the involvement of morphine in the biological characteristics of gastric cancer, we investigated effects on progression of gastric carcinoma cells and the expression of some apoptosis-related genes including caspase-9, caspase-3, survivin and NF-${\kappa}B$ using the MGC-803 human gastric cancer cell line. The viability of cells was assessed by MTT assay, proliferation by colony formation assay, cell cycle progression and apoptosis by flow cytometry and ultrastructural alteration by transmission electron microscopy. The influences of morphine on caspase-9, caspase-3, survivin and NF-${\kappa}B$ were evaluated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Our data showed that morphine could significantly inhibit cell growth and proliferation and cause cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. MGC-803 cells which were incubated with morphine also had a higher apoptotic rate than control cells. Morphine also led to morphological changes of gastric cancer cells. The mechanism of morphine inhibiting gastric cancer progression in vitro might be associated with activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and inhibition of survivin and NF-${\kappa}B$.

Antioxidant Effect of Pomegranate Rind Powder Extract, Pomegranate Juice, and Pomegranate Seed Powder Extract as Antioxidants in Raw Ground Pork Meat

Yu-Yue Qin,Zhi-Hong Zhang,Lin Li,Wei Xiong,Jin-Yu Shi,Tian-Rui Zhao,Jian Fan 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.4

The antioxidant potential of pomegranate rind powder extract (PRP), pomegranate juice (PJ), and pomegranate seed powder extract (PSP) was evaluated in raw ground pork meat stored at 4±1oC for 12 days. The pH values decreased from 5.88 to 5.61. The standard plate count in the PRP group was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that in all other groups. Butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) and PRP significantly (p<0.05) reduced lipid oxidation compared to PJ and PSP. Samples with antioxidants had significantly (p<0.05) reduced peroxide formation than control group. Antioxidant effectiveness was in the order: BHT>PRP>PJ>PSP>control. Lightness (L* value) was lowered by the addition of PRP, PJ, and PSP. The overall acceptability scores of PRP, PJ, PSP, and BHT treated samples were higher than that of control samples. The results indicated the potential of natural functional ingredients to enhance quality of raw ground pork meat.

Effects of the Charge Ions Strength on the Swelling of Organic–Inorganic Nanogels

Qin Yu,Xiangguo Lu,Jing Wang,Qi Guo,Liwei Niu 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.7

The swelling behavior and swelling mechanism of hydrogels can be greatly affected by the charge strength of ions in them. To investigate such effects, we prepared two gels: a carboxylic acid gel (CAG) and a poly(2-acrylamide–methyl propane sulfonic acid) gel (SAG) based on starchy polyacrylamide (PAM) nanocomposite gels, both with montmorillonite, which underwent in situ intercalation, and used them as probes in swelling experiments. The equilibrium swelling rates (ESRs) of the hydrogels in both salt water and acidic water strongly depended on the charge strength of the ions in the chains. SAG had a higher ESR than CAG at the same mole ratio of polymer/water, which is attributed to the greater electrostatic repulsion between the strong electrolyte ions of SAG. Both water salinity and hydrogen ion contact of the hydrogels weakened ESR with the enhancement of charge ionic strength. The downward trend of ESR with increasing concentration of salt or hydrogen ions became weaker in SAG compared to CAG, which is attributed to the shielding and deprotonation effects of the strong electrolyte ions. Regarding the swelling mechanism, the chain relaxation occurred in neutral and acidic solutions for SAG and in neutral and weak acidic solutions for CAG, but water diffusion dominated in strong acidic solutions for CAG, leading to different swelling behaviors.

Asn124 of Cel5A from Hypocrea jecorina not only provides the N-glycosylation site but is also essential in maintaining enzymatic activity

( Yu Qi Qin ),( Yin Bo Qu ) 생화학분자생물학회 2014 BMB Reports Vol.47 No.5

To investigate the function of N-glycosylation of Cel5A(endoglucanase II) from Hypocrea jecorina, two N-glycosylationsite deletion Cel5A mutants (rN124D and rN124H) wereexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The weights of theserecombinant mutants were 54 kDa, which were lower than thatof rCel5A. This result was expected to be attributed todeglycosylation. The enzyme activity of rN124H was greatlyreduced to 60.6% compared with rCel5A, whereas rN124Dshowed slightly lower activity (10%) than that of rCel5A. rN124Dand rN124H showed different thermal stabilities compared withthe glycosylated rCel5A, especially at lower pH value. Thermalstabilities were reduced and improved for rN124D and rN124H,respectively. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that themodification of secondary structure by mutation may be thereason for the change in enzymatic activity and thermal stability.[BMB Reports 2014; 47(5): 256-261]