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Shielding Experiments under JASMIN Collaboration at Fermilab (I) Overview of the Research Activities
Y. Kasugai,N. Matsuda,Y. Iwamoto,Y. Sakamoto,H. Nakashima,H. Matsumura,N. Kinoshitay,H. Iwase,T. Sanami,M. Hagiwara,H. Hirayama,H. Yashima,N. Sigyo,H. Arakawa,K. Ishibashi,N. Mokhov,A. Leveling,D. Boe 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Shielding experiments were started on 2007 using high-energy proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) under the collaborative study program of JASMIN: Japanese and American Study of Muon Interaction and Neutron Detection. In this series of papers entitled "Shielding experiments under JASMIN collaboration at Fermilab", the part of the results regarding neutron detection has been reported. This paper, as a first paper of the series, overview of the research activities are described, and experimental results on high-energy neutron transportation are presented in a viewpoint of neutron attenuation in steel shield and applicability of Moyer's model. In addition, deductions of a neutron spectrum in wide energy range between 1 eV and 100 MeV by means of the hybrid method using the current-readout Bonner sphere together with foil-activation technique are presented.
Characterization of ANITA and QMN Neutron Beams at TSL Using Proton Recoil Techniques
Y. Naitou,Y. Watanabe,S. Hirayama,M. Hayashi,A. Prokofiev,A. Hjalmarsson,S. Pomp,P. Andersson,R. Bevilacqua,C. Gustavsson,M. Osterlund,V. Simutkin,H. Sjostrand,M. Tesinsky,U. Tippawan 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Neutron beam characterization measurements have been carried out in both the ANITA and QMN modes using the incident proton beam of 180 MeV at the The Svedverg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala. The spectral neutron flux data have been obtained by measuring elastic np-scattering with the Medley setup. The experimental results in the ANITA and QMN modes are compared with an MCNPX simulation and with the systematics of QMN spectra, respectively.
Light-Ion Production from a Thin Silicon Target Bombarded by 175 MeV Quasi Monoenergetic Neutrons
S. Hirayama,Y. Watanabe,Y. Naitou,P. Andersson,R. Bevilacqua,C. Gustavsson,M. Osterlund,S. Pomp,V. Simutkin,H. Sjostrand,A. Hjalmarsson,A. Prokofiev,M. Tesinsky,U. Tippawan 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Double-differential production yields of light ions (p, d, t, ^3He, and α from a thin silicon target induced by 175 MeV quasi mono-energetic neutrons were measured using the MEDLEY setup at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala in order to benchmark evaluated nuclear data and nuclear reaction models. The MEDLEY is a conventional spectrometer system which consists of eight counter telescopes. Each telescope is composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors as the ΔE detectors and a CsI(Tl) scintillator as the E detector for particle identification. The telescopes are placed at angles from 20˚ to 160˚ in steps of 20˚. The measured double-differential yields of light ions are compared with PHITS calculations using the following nuclear reaction options: the high-energy nuclear data library (JENDL/HE-2007), the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) model, and the intra-nuclear cascade (INC) model.
Measurement of Deuteron Induced Thick Target Neutron Yields at 9 MeV
N. Shigyo,K. Hidaka,K. Hirabayashi,Y. Nakamura,D. Moriguchi,M. Kumabe,H. Hirano,S. Hirayama,Y. Naitou,C. Motooka,C. Lan,T. Watanabe,Y. Watanabe,K. Sagara,S. Maebaru,H. Sakaki,H. Takahashi 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The double differential thick target neutron yields from 9 MeV deuteron incidence were measured at the Kyushu University Tandem Accelerator Laboratory. A copper and a titanium foils which are thick enough for a deuteron to stop in the foils were placed at the center of a vacuum chamber. An NE213 liquid organic scintillator was employed to detect neutrons emitted from targets and placed at 9 directions from 0˚ to 140˚. To consider the contribution of scattered neutrons from the floor, we also measured neutron yields with an iron shadow bar located in front of the scintillator. Because incident deuteron beam was not pulsed and the Time-of-Flight method was not applied, the energy spectrum was derived from unfolding the light output spectrum using the FORIST code. The detection efficiency was calculated with the SCINFUL-QMD code. The experimental results were compared with the calculation data of the TALYS code, and it turned out that the calculation data does not reproduce the experimental ones satisfactorily.
N. Matsuda,Y. Kasugai,Y. Sakamoto,H. Nakashima,H. Matsumura,H. Iwase,N. Kinoshitay,H. Hirayama,H. Yashima,N. Mokhov,A. Levering,D. Boehnlein,K. Vazili,L. Gary,S. Wayne,K. Oishi,T. Nakamura,K. Ishibash 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Neutron spectra in high-energy region between 1 and 100 MeV in the shield configuration of the anti-proton target station and a 120-GeV proton beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) were determined using the reaction rate data obtained with the multi-foil activation method. Two kinds of methods were employed for the determination of neutron spectra: one is the fitting method which is newly developed in this work, another is the unfolding method with SAND-II code. The calculations were performed using the PHITS. From the comparison between the calculated and experimental neutron spectra, it concluded that the PHITS can be used for shielding design of highenergy proton accelerators.
Applicability of Nuclear Reaction Models Implemented in PHITS to Simulations on Single-event Effects
S. Abe,S. Hirayama,Y. Watanabe,N. Sano,Y. Tosaka,M. Tsutsui,H. Furuta,T. Imamura 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The nuclear reaction models implemented in the PHITS (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System), i.e., the INC model, the QMD model and "event generator mode (e-mode)" with the JENDL-3.3 are validated to apply it to simulations on single-event effects. The model calculations are compared with available experimental data of light-ion (proton and alpha particle) production from neutron-induced reactions on ^(nat)Si and ^(16)O for neutron energies below 100 MeV. Since there is no measurement of lightion production from Si for neutron energies more than 100 MeV, proton-induced reactions on ^(27)Al are also used in the model validation. Comparisons of calculated and measured data for lightion production show that the e-mode calculation with JENDL-3.3 provides better agreement with the experimental data below 20 MeV than the INC and QMD models, and the QMD model reproduces them well above 20 MeV.
M. H. Fauzi,S. Watanabe,N. Kumada,Y. Hirayama 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.10
We developed a sensitive spectroscopic tool to probe resistively as low as a few percent of an ensemble of nuclear spin polarizations in a GaAs quantum well. We take advantage of the spinphasetransition (SPT) peak of the filling fraction ν = 2/3 quantum Hall effect at which the electronic systems are energetically degenerate. The non-zero nuclear spin polarization incorporated in the system would be perceived as an effective magnetic field BN that modifies the Zeeman energy exclusively. It would result in a change in the overall shape of the peak including the peak’s position, width, and amplitude. The alteration of the shape of the overall peak provide essential information on the microscopic characteristics of nuclear spin polarization and its relation to the domain formations which was not well investigated in the previous reports.
S. Kunieda,T. Fukahori,S. Hirayama,Y. Watanabe 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Applicability of the pre-equilibrium coalescence model was investigatedtoward the construction of advanced and comprehensive nuclear data. Thisstudy was devoted to the analysis for nucleon-induced alpha-particleproduction cross sections up to 200 MeV. The optical model calculation wasperformed with suitable potential parameters both for incident- andoutgoing- channels. The Iwamoto-Harada-Sato coalescence model wasincorporated into the GNASH code in order to take account the pickupcontribution from the pre-equilibrium stages. It was found that the presentapproach enabled us to reproduce measured cross sections better thanempirical models which had been commonly used for nuclear data evaluations up to ~100 MeV. From comparisons between the modelcalculations and experimental data, we discuss the behaviors of the modelparameters and applicability limit of the present approach.
Light-Ion Production in The Interaction of 175 MeV Neutrons with Iron and Bismuth
R. Bevilacqua,S. Pomp,V. D. Simutkin,U. Tippawan,M. Hayashi,S. Hirayama,Y. Naitou,Y. Watanabe,A. V. Prokofiev,A. Hjalmarsson,P. Andersson,J. Blomgren,M. Osterlund,M. Tesinsky,F. -R. Lecolley,N. Marie 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
We have measured double-differential (angle and energy) cross sections for light-ion (p, d, t, ^3He, and α) production in the interaction of quasi-monoenergetic 175 MeV neutrons with iron and bismuth. Measurements have been performed at the The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala (Sweden), using the Medley setup which allows low-energy thresholds and wide energy and angular ranges. Medley is a spectrometer system consisting of eight three-element telescopes placed at angles from 20˚ to 160˚, in steps of 20˚. Each telescope is composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors and a CsI(Tl) scintillator, to perform particle identification,fully stop the produced light-ions and measure their kinetic energy. The time-of-flight was used to reduce the contribution from the low energy tail in the accepted incident neutron spectrum. We report double-differential production cross sections for protons, deuterons, tritons, ^3He and α particles and compare them with model calculations with TALYS-1.2.