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Experimental Study on Performance of Hardened Concrete Using Nano Materials
K. Thangapandi,R. Anuradha,N. Archana,P. Muthuraman,O. Awoyera Paul,R. Gobinath 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.2
Various challenges encountered in the construction industry has led to the production of concrete, with not just high strength, but also with enhanced durability properties. Several research works have been carried out using replacement of constituent materials and introduction of various admixtures in concrete. Alccofine is one of such promising micro fine material. This study investigates the performance of hardened concrete using nano materials. Effects of alccofine (AL) and zinc oxide (ZnO) on the durability and strength of hardened concrete were explored. Series of tests were conducted by substituting cement by weight with 10% AL and adding ZnO in proportions, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%. Based on the results obtained, the strength properties of concrete reduced as cement replacement level rose beyond 10%. The durability performance of the concrete, in terms of rapid chloride permeability, water permeability test, sea water attack and chloride resistance, was within acceptable limist, even as the ZnO was increased. This study has generally proposed a sustainable solution to produce durable concrete that could have useful aaplication in the construction industry.
Amalesh Nanda,Thangapandi K.,Priyanka Banerjee,Mainak Dutta,Tsering Wangdi,Pramod Sharma,Koel Chaudhury,Saikat Kumar Jana 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.5
Background: The effect of the interplay among inflammation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and oxidative stress (OS) on the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear. Previously, we demonstrated the role of OS in endometriosis. Here, we performed a comprehensive investigation of several molecules involved in inflammation, angiogenesis, and ECM degradation in women with endometriosis to study their interplay with OS. Methods: Blood samples were collected from women with endometriosis (N=80), as well as from women with tubal factor infertility as controls (N=80). Interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, transforming growth factor-beta, IL-4, -10, -2, -6, -8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, -2, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 levels in serum samples were measured using an ELISA. Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured using flow cytometry. Results: Cytokines, VEGF, MMPs, and COX-2 were significantly higher and TIMPs were significantly lower in patients with endometriosis. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that IL-10 was the most significant variable capable of discriminating endometriosis samples from controls. Conclusions: Deregulation of NF-κB activation by OS affects the expression of various cytokines in endometriosis. Elevated cytokine levels further up-regulate IL-10, which subsequently activates the MMPs, leading to excessive ECM degradation and angiogenesis. Moreover, IL-10 emerged as the most important molecule involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Measurement of these molecules may help in better management of the patients with endometriosis.