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Effect of Malformin A1 on the Conversion of ACC to Ethylene
( Soon Young Kim ),( Seung Eun Oh ),( Sung Su Yang ) 건국대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 理學論集 Vol.29 No.-
The conversion of ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) to ethylene by ACC-oxidase (ACO) was regulated by malformin A1 depending on the concentration. The stimulatory effect of 0.1 μM malformin A1 on ACO activity was significantly suppressed by the treatment with EGTA, a chelator of Ca2+ and staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase. However, the inhibitory effect of 10 μM malformin A1 on ACO activity was not influenced by both chemicals. By the treatment with okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase, the inhibitory effect of 10 μM malformin A1 was disappeared. These results bring us to the speculation that both effects of malformin A1 depending on the concentration could be dependent on the level of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and the variation in the status of phospholyation of specific proteins participating in the signal transduction of malformin A1.
Transactions : A Comparative Study of Indigo Dyes and Dyeing in 19th Century Korea and England
( Soon Young Kim ) 한국의류학회 2010 한국의류학회지 Vol.34 No.12
This paper is a comparative analysis of the 19th century practice of indigo dyes and dyeing in Korea and England. From over hundreds species of indigo plants in the world, it was dyer`s knotweed and woad that were cultivated in Korea; however, the only indigo plant grown in England was woad. Indigo dye was produced in the form of damp indigo sediment (jeon) in Korea; however, imported indigo (as a main dye) and couched woad (as an additional dye) were indigo dyes used in England. There existed three kinds of indigo vats, the ice vat, ash-water vat, and indigo sediment (jeon) vat, in Korea. The fresh leaves of indigo were used for both the ice vat and ash-water vat. The ice vat was very convenient for preparation, but had a weakness in the inability to produce a very deep shade of blue. The ash-water vat and indigo sediment (jeon) vat were in use for producing a very deep shade of blue. The indigo sediment (jeon) vat was employed presumably only by professional dyers. The indigo vat practiced in England was categorized into two types; one was woad-indigo vat, and the other was an indigo powder vat prepared by using imported indigo rock. There was a tendency to adopt different kinds of indigo vats according to the material to be dyed. The woad-indigo vat was employed for the dyeing of wool. A few of chemical vats with imported indigo were adopted, especially for the dyeing of cotton. Indigo dyers in 19th century Korea were differentiated from the rest of the dyers. They managed the growing of indigo plants as well as the production of indigo sediment (jeon). Woad dyers in 19th century England handled woolen cloth as well as worsted and woolen yarn in general. However, they sometimes dyed silk skein as well. They produced several colors such as black, blue, slates, grays, by using both woad and imported indigo.
( Soon Young Kim ),( A Young Cho ),( Kun Woo Kim ),( Seung Eun Oh ) 한국식물학회 2004 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.47 No.3
Purified malformin Al (cyclo-D-Cys-D-Cys-L-Val-D-Leu-L-Ile), a cyclicpentapeptide toxin from Aspergillus niger, was applied to the hypocotyl segments of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings to investigate its role in regulating ethylene biosynthesis. Production of ethylene was induced by treating the plants with 0.1 mM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). When 0.1 μM malformin A1 was then applied, ethylene production increased and the activities of two key enzymes for its biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)-synthase (ACS) and ACC-oxidase (ACO), were also stimulated. However, at levels of 1 or 10 μM malformin A1, both ethylene production and enzymatic activities were significantly reduced. In the case of ACO, in vitro activity was regulated by malformin Al, independent of ACS activity or the influence of IAA. Furthermore, the conjugate form of ACC, N-malonyl ACC, was significantly promoted by treatment with 0.1 μM malformin A1. These data suggest that malformin A1 can modulate ethylene production through diverse paths and that its effect depends on the concentration of the treatment administered.
Serrated neoplasia pathway as an alternative route of colorectal cancer carcinogenesis
Soon Young Kim,Tae Il Kim 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.3
In the past two decades, besides conventional adenoma pathway, a subset of colonic lesions, including hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenoma/polyps, and traditional serrated adenomas have been suggested as precancerous lesions via the alternative serrated neoplasia pathway. Major molecular alterations of sessile serrated neoplasia include BRAF mutation, high CpG island methylator phenotype, and escape of cellular senescence and progression via methylation of tumor suppressor genes or mismatch repair genes. With increasing information of the morphologic and molecular features of serrated lesions, one major challenge is how to reflect this knowledge in clinical practice, such as pathologic and endoscopic diagnosis, and guidelines for treatment and surveillance.