The spectrum of microvascular patterns in adult diffuse glioma and their correlation with tumor grade

Soni,Vaishali Walke,Deepti Joshi,Tanya Sharma,Adesh Shrivastava,Amit Agrawal 대한병리학회 2024 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.58 No.3

Background: Primary brain tumors constitute the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Among them, adult diffuse gliomas are the most common type, affecting the cerebral hemispheres and displaying a diffuse infiltrative pattern of growth in the surrounding neuropil that accounts for about 80% of all primary intracranial tumors. The hallmark feature of gliomas is blood vessel proliferation, which plays an important role in tumor growth, tumor biological behavior, and disease outcome. High-grade gliomas exhibit increased vascularity, the worst prognosis, and lower survival rates. Several angiogenic receptors and factors are upregulated in glioblastomas and stimulate angiogenesis signaling pathways by means of activating oncogenes and/or down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Existing literature has emphasized that different microvascular patterns (MVPs) are displayed in different subtypes of adult diffuse gliomas. Methods: We examined the distribution and biological characteristics of different MVPs in 50 patients with adult diffuse gliomas. Haematoxylin and eosin staining results, along with periodic acid–Schiff and CD34 dual-stained sections, were examined to assess the vascular patterns and correlate with different grades of diffuse glioma. Results: The present observational study on adult diffuse glioma evaluated tumor grade and MVPs. Microvascular sprouting was the most common pattern, while a bizarre pattern (type 2) was associated with the presence of a high-grade glioma. Vascular mimicry was observed in 6% of cases, all of which were grade 4 gliomas. Conclusions: This study supplements the role of neo-angiogenesis and aberrant vasculature patterns in the grading and progression of adult diffuse gliomas, which can be future targets for planning treatment strategies.

Phosphorylation of p53 by LRRK2 induces microglial tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-mediated neurotoxicity

Son, I.,Ho, D.,Kim, J.,Cho, S.,Seol, W. Elsevier Pub. Co 2017 Journal of the neurological sciences Vol.381 No.-

Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological profile of Bambusa arudinacea Retz

Vishal Soni,Arvind Kumar Jha,Jaya Dwivedi,Priyanka Soni 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2013 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.3 No.3

Bambusa arundinacea family Graminae, is one of the precious plant resources of the earth. It has played a significant role in human civilization since ancient times. It is tall sized tree growing throughout India, moist parts of India. It also occurs in Sri Lanka, Malaya, Peru and Myanmar. The different parts of this plant contain silica, cholin, betain, cynogenetic glycosides, albuminoids, oxalic acid, reducing sugar, resins, waxes, benzoic acid, arginine, cysteine, histidine, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, protein, gluteline, contains lysine, methionine, betain, cholin, proteolytic enzyme, nuclease, urease. Various parts of this plant such as leaf, root, shoot and seed possess anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anthelmintic, antifertility, antibacterial, insectisidal, antiarthritic, vessele protection etc. This review mainly focuses on the traditional, phytochemical and pharmacological information of Bambusa arundinacea.

Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Bauhinia racemosa Lam - a review

Vishal Soni,Arvind Kumar Jha,Jaya Dwivedi,Priyanka Soni 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2015 TANG Vol.5 No.4

Bahunia racemosa family, Caesalpiniaceae, is one of the precious resources of the earth. It has played a significant role in human civilization since ancient times. It is tall sized tree growing throughout India, Ceylon, China, and Timor. The different part of this plant contains β-sitosterol and β-amyrin, flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin) and two coumarins (scopoletin and scopolin), tannins etc. Various part of this plant has great pharmacological potential with a great utility and usage as folklore medicine as analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antimicrobial activity. This review mainly focus on the exclusive review work on the traditional, phytochemical and pharmacological activities of this plant.

An inhibitor of NF-kB encoded in Cotesia plutella bracovirus inhibits expression of antimicrobial peptides and enhances pathogenicity of Bacillus thuringiensis

Sony Shrestha,Hosanna H. Kim,김용균 한국응용곤충학회 2009 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.12 No.4

Upon parasitization by an endoparasitoid wasp, Cotesia plutellae, the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, exhibits significant immunosuppression. A bracovirus (CpBV) symbiotic C. plutellae, has been regarded as a main parasitic factor due to acute and persistent expression of various encoded genes. Inhibitor-kB genes (CpBV-IkB) are homologous to cactus gene of Drosophila and are found in CpBV genome. However, their function in parasitism was unknown. Here, we tested hypothesis that CpBV-IkB may interrupt nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) to inhibit its translocation into the nucleus, resulting in the suppression of antimicrobial peptide synthesis. A CpBV-IkB was cloned into an expression vector and micro-injected into nonparasitized larvae. The transiently expressed CpBV-IkB in P. xylostella inhibited the expression of hemolin, but did not inhibit the expression of lysozyme or cecropin. This inhibitory activity of CpBV-IkB was more evident in a non-natural host, Spodoptera exigua, where both lysozyme and cecropin were inhibited. A recombinant Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) was constructed by recombining CpBV-IkB gene under an early expression promoter. The budded form of the recombinant virus was injected into the hemocoel, while polyhedral form of the recombinant virus was orally administered to the P. xylostella larvae. In both treatments, the expression of CpBV-IkB encoded in the baculovirus was confirmed by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. When the recombinant virus was mixed with Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Bt), the bacterial pathogenicity was significantly enhanced in a dose-dependent manner, compared to a Bt mixture with an AcMNPV recombined with an enhanced green fluorescence protein gene. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of CpBV-IkB on the production of antimicrobial peptide results in the enhanced pathogenicity of Bt. Upon parasitization by an endoparasitoid wasp, Cotesia plutellae, the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, exhibits significant immunosuppression. A bracovirus (CpBV) symbiotic C. plutellae, has been regarded as a main parasitic factor due to acute and persistent expression of various encoded genes. Inhibitor-kB genes (CpBV-IkB) are homologous to cactus gene of Drosophila and are found in CpBV genome. However, their function in parasitism was unknown. Here, we tested hypothesis that CpBV-IkB may interrupt nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) to inhibit its translocation into the nucleus, resulting in the suppression of antimicrobial peptide synthesis. A CpBV-IkB was cloned into an expression vector and micro-injected into nonparasitized larvae. The transiently expressed CpBV-IkB in P. xylostella inhibited the expression of hemolin, but did not inhibit the expression of lysozyme or cecropin. This inhibitory activity of CpBV-IkB was more evident in a non-natural host, Spodoptera exigua, where both lysozyme and cecropin were inhibited. A recombinant Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) was constructed by recombining CpBV-IkB gene under an early expression promoter. The budded form of the recombinant virus was injected into the hemocoel, while polyhedral form of the recombinant virus was orally administered to the P. xylostella larvae. In both treatments, the expression of CpBV-IkB encoded in the baculovirus was confirmed by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. When the recombinant virus was mixed with Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Bt), the bacterial pathogenicity was significantly enhanced in a dose-dependent manner, compared to a Bt mixture with an AcMNPV recombined with an enhanced green fluorescence protein gene. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of CpBV-IkB on the production of antimicrobial peptide results in the enhanced pathogenicity of Bt.

Some Theorems Connecting the Unified Fractional Integral Operators and the Laplace Transform

Soni, R. C.,Singh, Deepika Department of Mathematics 2005 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.45 No.2

In the present paper, we obtain two Theorems connecting the unified fractional integral operators and the Laplace transform. Due to the presence of a general class of polynomials, the multivariable H-function and general functions ${\theta}$ and ${\phi}$ in the kernels of our operators, a large number of (new and known) interesting results involving simpler polynomials (which are special cases of a general class of polynomials) and special functions involving one or more variables (which are particular cases of the multivariable H-function) obtained by several authors and hitherto lying scattered in the literature follow as special cases of our findings. Thus the Theorems obtained by Srivastava et al. [9] follow as simple special cases of our findings.

Reliability analysis of acyclic transmission network based on minimal cuts using copula in repair

Soni Bisht,S.B Singh 장전수학회 2019 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.22 No.3

In the present paper, we have considered acyclic transmis- sion network in which number of nodes are capable of receiving or send- ing a signal to the target nodes. To model the proposed acyclic trans- mission network, the present study combined the concepts of Markov processes and minimal cuts incorporating copula to nd the various re- liability measures. The considered network can have four possible states namely operable, partial failure, critical failure and complete failure. The proposed network can be repaired in two dierent ways. When the network is in critical state it is repaired with general repair, whereas, in complete failure state it is repaired with the help of two dierent repair rates, namely, general and exponential. The general and expo- nential distributions have been incorporated with the application of the Gumbel-Hougaard family of copula. Various reliability characteristics such as transition state probabilities, asymptotic behavior, reliability, mean time to failure and sensitivity of the proposed network has been evaluated with the help of minimal cuts coupling with Markov processes using GumbelHougaard copula, supplementary variable techniques and Laplace transforms.

Behaviour of asymmetric building with double variable frequency pendulum isolator

Soni, D.P.,Mistry, B.B.,Panchal, V.R. Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.1

Presented in this paper is the behaviour of asymmetric building isolated by the double variable frequency pendulum isolator (DVFPI). The DVFPI is an adoption of single variable frequency pendulum isolator (VFPI). The geometry and coefficient of friction of top and bottom sliding surfaces can be unequal. The governing equations of motion of the building-isolation system are derived and solved in incremental form. The analysis duly considers the interaction of frictional forces in the two principal directions developed at each sliding surface of the DVFPI. In order to investigate the behaviour of the base isolation using the DVFPI, the coupled lateral-torsional response is obtained under different parametric variations for a set of six far-fault earthquake ground motions and criterion to optimize its performance is proposed. Further, influences of the initial time period, coefficient of friction and frequency variation factors at the two sliding surfaces are investigated. The numerical results of the extensive parametric study help in understanding the torsional behaviour of the structure isolated with the double sliding surfaces as in the DVFPI. It is found that the performance of the DVFPI can be optimized by designing the top sliding surface initially softer and smoother relative to the bottom one.

A weighted Fourier series with signed good kernels

Sony Chan,임경수 대한수학회 2017 대한수학회보 Vol.54 No.3

It is natural to try to find a kernel such that its convolution of integrable functions converges faster than that of the Fej\'er kernel. In this paper, we introduce a weighted Fourier partial sums which are written as the convolution of signed good kernels and prove that the weighted Fourier partial sum converges in $L^2$ much faster than that of the Ces\`aro means. In addition, we present two numerical experiments.

Factors Affecting the Activation of Hemolymph Prophenoloxidaseof Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Sony Shrestha,김용균 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.2

In insect immunity, phenoloxidase (PO) plays an important role in the processes during melanotic encapsulation and phagocytosis. However, uncontrolled PO activity is known to be fatal due to its toxic catalytic products. Thus, the activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) to PO must be controlled. This study showed that at least three factors were involved in the proPO activation pathway of Spodoptera exigua. Most hemolymph PO activity of S. exigua was detected in hemocytes. The de novo synthesis of proPO was a factor by which PO activity levels were determined in hemolymph, as PO activity was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by cycloheximide, a eukaryotic protein translation inhibitor. The second factor was derived from serine protease (s) becasue only serine protease inhibitors prevented proPO activation, while other proteases did not. In addition, eicosanoids were implicated in proPO activation, because dexamethasone, an inhibitor of phospholipase A2, inhibited proPO activation. These results indicate that the activation of proPO in S. exigua is controlled at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.