Plant Regeneration and Bulblet Formation of Allium wakegi Araki

Song,Won-seob,Yang,Deok-Chun,Yoon,Jae-Ho,Ryu,Sang-Hyun 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

Allium wakegi was cultured shoot tip in the condition of light culture. The Allium wakegi added plant growth regulator was observed of plant regeneration and bulblet formation. Callus Induction and growing rate was the best of 78% when added alone 2,4-D 0.5mg/L. In the formation of shoot, its regeneration rate was 96% when added BA 0.5mg/L in the light culture condition. When BA 0.5mg/L and NAA 0.5mg/L mixed and BA 0.5 mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L mixed, the rates were 99% and 97% respectively, and these conditions were suitable for forming shoot. In the formation of roots, when added NAA 2.0mg/L in the light culture condition, the regeneration rate was 90.6 % and the roots were abnormal. When added NAA 1.0mg/L, the rate was 82 % and the highest. In the formation of bulbs, when BA 05mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L mixed, the root generantion and its size in the bulbs was the best compare to other treatment experiments.

Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

조선후기 지방재정과 계방의 출현 : 제역 및 제역촌과 관련하여

송양섭(Song Yang-seop) 湖西史學會 2011 역사와 담론 Vol.0 No.59

The Gye-Bang is a form of financing administration reluctantly adopted by local governments as a protocol of Je-yeok witnessed the Daedong Act and the Gyunyeok Act during the eighteenth century. The old practice of Je-yeok, however, was extensively adhered in procuring local incomes even after the enactment of Daedong and the Gyunyeok because the financial compensation was limited to the central government and the local finance was still in trouble. In the meantime, with the background of both communal taxing and the practice of Yang-ho, a various ways of Bang-nab (a sort of proxy tax payment) were widespread; the traditional Jye-yeok Villages (the tax-exempt communities) were, as a result, transformed into a new form of Gye-bang. Same in the cases of contemporaneous Min-go and Gunpogye practices, the Gye-bang was a kind of proxy-taxing agent between local government and community; it was highly propagated with the merits of both evading military duties and financing local institutes though. As a result, the Gye-bang played a significant role in collecting local revenue and this explains why it was strongly customized in the local administration in spite of its banning by central government.

실리카흄 혼입 고강도 콘크리트의 함수율과 폭열 특성

송훈,문경주,이철웅,소양섭 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

High strength concrete is mainly employed in high rise building as well as prestressed concrete. High strength concrete with design strength of 80MPa is applied to some building structure. High rise building using high strength concrete amounting to 100MPa is introduced. Recently, silica fume is positively employed as mineral admixture in manufacturing ultra high strength due to the formation of tight matrix inducing the advancement of physi-chemical properties such as the freeze-thaw resistance, corrosion resistance and chemical resistance etc. as well as improvement in strength and durability. In spite of the effectiveness of silica fume, the explosive spalling in concrete exposed surface near the source of fire incurs when exposed to high temperature in relative short tenn. Thus, this study is concerned with experimentally revealing fire resistance of high strength concrete adding silica fume. Explosive spalling happened when heat flux and furnace temperature amounted to 49-63.3KW/m² and 608-676℃, respectively, which are the almost same value with fire temperature in site.

唐代의 國子監에 관한 硏究

宋楊燮 春川敎育大學 1985 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The results on this study are as follows. First, in the aspect of school system : 1. The system of school administration was obvious and was put in orders. The education kept balance between the areas of capital and locals. 2. Taoism (the thought of Lao-Tzu) was emphasized in addition to tile Confucianism, and the education was throwing open in the aspect of educational thought. 3. The qualification of entrance had roots and erunk in the social position of feudalism, but the opportunities of education were widely given to the humble class. 4. Medical science as well as the study of Chinese classics were developed, and medical schools were estabilished not only in the central area, even in the petty units of administiation in the local areas. Second, 1'egarding to Kukjagam : 1, Kukjagam had an educational function for the sons of the aristocratic class and, at the same time, had generalized all schools in the country with relating to the state examinations. 2. The members of Kukjagam were specialized to the parts of teachers, the adminis trative officials, clercial workers, and odd business with the strict grade of rank. 3. The qualification of entrance was not limited only to the aristocratic class, but allowed to the sons of humble class who had special qualifications. 4. The subjects of education were kept the balance between the literary course and the science course. 5. The policy of education was kept consistency by selecting the officials with the organized relations to the system of state examination.

창원지역 일부 초등학교 고학년 학생의 전통발효식품에 대한 기호도와 영양지식 조사연구

송양순,허은실,이경화 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate Food Preference and Nutritional Knowledge for Traditional Fermented foods that was basic data to develope nutrition education program and to increase consumption of traditional fermented foods. The questionnaires have been collected from 229 fourth, fifth and sixth grade students of one elementary in Changwon. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 70.1% of students answered that they like ganjang, and that was higher in male compared to female(p<0.05). 82.2% of students answered that they like kochujang, and the hot taste of the kochujang was main reason of their like of kochujang and it was the most important reason for those also dislike of kochujang. 57.4% of students like deonjang, and that was higher in male than female same as ganjang(p<0.05). The reason for favorite deonjang was 'superior taste', 'great nutrient' and 'frequent consumption', and that was significantly defferent between gender. 84.2% of students answered that they like kimchi. The main reason for favorite kimchi was same as that of deonjang, and that dislike kimchi was 'hot taste' and 'inferior taste'. The student's most favorite food cooked with kimchi were stir fried kimchi rice and kimchi stew. The Student wanted taste of kimchi which was mild hot, hot and mild sweet, 85.6% of students prefer sikhe. The main reason for like sikhe was 'superior taste' and that dislike sikhe was 'inferior taste'. Most parents used to traditional fermented foods in meal preparation. The mean of nutrition knowledge was 6.03, and that was not significantly defferent between gender. Consequently these date suggest that education program to increase of nutrition knowledge and consumption of traditional fermented food is required for elementary school students.

國際프랜차이즈契約上 加盟契約者 保護問題

宋陽鎬 한국기업법학회 2001 企業法硏究 Vol.8 No.-

In Anbetracht der vielen unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltungen von Franchisevertra¨gen in der Praxis kann man kaum von dem zu definierenden Franchising sprechen. Dennoch kann in allgemeinster Form des Frachising festgehalten werden. Es stehen sich als Vertragsparteine der Franchisegerber(franchisor), der dem Franchisenehmer gengen Entgelt das Recht, im Rahmen eines Dauerschuldverha¨ltnisses bestimmte vom Franchisegeber u¨bernommene Waren/Dienstleistungen zu vertreiben, unter Benutzung von Image, Marken, Schutzrechten, technischem und gewerblichem Know-how gewa¨hrt udn der Frachisenehmer(franchisee), der rechtlich selbststa¨ndig bleibt und auf eigene Rechnung handelt, gegenu¨ber. Der Franchisegeber gewa¨hrt Ausbildung, Rat und Beistand. Der Franchisegeber u¨berwa¨cht die Einhaltung der gescha¨ftlichen Systempolitik und setzt diese durch Weisungen durch. Ein eigentlicher Franchise-boom erfolgt jetzt in Korea, als vermehrt auf Marktpansion gedra¨ngt und die Bereitschaft vieler Kaufleute, fremde Produkte auf eigene Rechnung zu vertreiben, ausgenu¨tzt wude. In dieser Zeit fallen auch die Gru¨ndungen der heute als klassische Beispiele fu¨r Franchising geltenden Unternehmugen der schnellimbiβbranche wie Burger King, McDonald's oder Kentucky Fried Chichken. In den folgenden Jahren breitete sich die Franchise-Idee in immer gro¨βerem Masse aus, sodaβ zur Zeit fast in jeder Branche Franchise-System zu finden sind. Zahlen u¨ber die Ha¨ufigkeit von Fanchise-Systmen in Korea sind daum erha¨ltlich. Gema¨β Scha¨tzungen der Koreanischen Franchise-Verinigung gibt es 2001 rund 1500 Franchise-Organisationen mit gegen 150,000 Franchisenehmern, wobei die Tendenz steigend sein soll. Ortmals wird asl mo¨gliche Schwa¨che des Franchise-Systems die relative starke Abha¨ngigkeit des Franchisenehmers vom Franchisegeber angesehen. Daher sollte der Franchisenhmer unter dem Aspekt des Fairplays beim Bestehen eines wirtschaftlich oder sozial unterlegenen Vertragspartners behandelt wereden. Deshalb wird die internationalprivatrechtliche Behandlung des typischen Franchisevertrags unter sozialen Beru¨cksichtigung dargestellt. Anschlieβend wird, ausgehend von der grundsa¨tzlichen Stellungnahme hinsichtlich eines mo¨glichen kollisionsrechtlichen Schutzes des Franchisenehmers, auf die einzelnen Problembereiche der Entscheidungszusta¨ndigkeit und des anwendbaren Rechts eingegangen.

書院의 祠廟成立過程에 關한 考察

宋楊燮 春川敎育大學 1989 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

열화조건하의 시멘트 혼입 폴리머계 방수재의 내피로성

송훈,도정윤,소양섭 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

Polymer-modified paste-applied membrane waterproofing materials has been used as waterproofing materials, e.g. for basement and water tank due to both simple handling and excellent workability. However, as for the polymer-modified paste-applied membrane waterproofing materials, the durability is easy to be degraded by the occurrence and propagation of crack. An aim of this study is to make clear performance of the polymer-modified paste-applied membrane waterproofing materials of which performances are improved through this study. PAE and EVA show the result to be markedly dependent on the condition and period of deterioration. Presence of reinforcement causes the influence to the physical properties of waterproofing materials. In addition, a reinforcement effect of non-woven fabric on cracking can be expected.

機械化 集材作業에 따른 適定 林道密度 算出에 關한 考察

梁松鉉 동국대학교 생명자원과학대학 연습림 1993 연습림논문집 Vol.- No.3

The objective of this study is to investigate the optimum forest road density under the actual circumstance of forestry in Korea. In order to analyze the optimum forest road density, this study made use of the method “minimizing the total cost”. In this analysis, only monetary aspect were taken into account. They are: cost for forest road construction and maintenance, and cost for skidding. The applied skidding methods were mobile cable crane(K­300), forestry tractor(MB­Trac) and plastic shute(Leykam Logline). The result of analysis, namely the optimum forest road density is 11.12m/ha. Besides the result of this calculation, it was recommended to reckon in the walking cost of forest work and management, and the reduction of forest area caused by laying out of forest roads.