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Pourya Maryam,Shakarami Jahanshir,Mardani-Talaee Mozhgan,Sadeghi Amin,Serrão Jose Eduardo 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3
The English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most serious pests of cereals as the transmitter of viral diseases, mainly in wheat, Triticum aestivum. This agricultural pest is controlled with chemical insecticides, which is environmental pollutants and toxic for human. This study evaluated the potential of alternative environmentally friendly compounds to control this insect pest. The activities of diges tive, antioxidants, and intermediary metabolism enzymes of S. avenae reared on wheat plants treated with biofertilizers (Biofarm and Probio96) and micronutrients (Librel Zinc and α-Iron) in the greenhouse were evaluated. The results reveal that α-amylase, total protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, amino- and carboxypeptidases, alanineand aspartate- aminotransferases, and acid phosphatase enzymes had lower activities in S. avenae reared on Biofarm treated plants compared to control. On the other hand, aphids reared on treated plants with Biofarm had the highest activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate oxidase, γ- glutamyl transferase, as well as lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, the oxidized/reduced thiols ratio and malondialdehyde indicated higher activity in the aphids reared on Biofarm-treated plants than control. These results suggest that the bio-fertilizer Biofarm may compromise the physiology of S. avenae as a potential alter native toll in the integrated pest management of this aphid.
A miRNA181a/NFAT5 axis links impaired T cell tolerance induction with autoimmune type 1 diabetes
Serr, Isabelle,Scherm, Martin G.,Zahm, Adam M.,Schug, Jonathan,Flynn, Victoria K.,Hippich, Markus,Kalin, Stefanie,Becker, Maike,Achenbach, Peter,Nikolaev, Alexei,Gerlach, Katharina,Liebsch, Nicole,Lor American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2018 Science Translational Medicine Vol.10 No.422
<P>Molecular checkpoints that trigger the onset of islet autoimmunity or progression to human type 1 diabetes (T1D) are incompletely understood. Using T cells from children at an early stage of islet autoimmunity without clinical T1D, we find that a microRNA181a (miRNA181a)-mediated increase in signal strength of stimulation and costimulation links nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) with impaired tolerance induction and autoimmune activation. We show that enhancing miRNA181a activity increases NFAT5 expression while inhibiting FOXP3+ regulatory T cell (T-reg) induction in vitro. Accordingly, Treg induction is improved using T cells from NFAT5 knockout (NFAT5ko) animals, whereas altering miRNA181a activity does not affect T-reg induction in NFAT5ko T cells. Moreover, high costimulatory signals result in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated NFAT5, which interferes with FoxP(3+) Treg induction. Blocking miRNA181a or NFAT5 increases Treg induction in murine and humanized models and reduces murine islet autoimmunity in vivo. These findings suggest targeting miRNA181a and/or NFAT5 signaling for the development of innovative personalized medicines to limit islet autoimmunity.</P>
The Regulation of Lipolysis in Adipose Tissue
( Julia Serr ),( Xiang Li ),( Ki Choon Lee ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.4
Knowledge regarding lipid catabolism has been of great interest in the field of animal sciences. In the livestock industry, excess fat accretion in meat is costly to the producer and undesirable to the consumer. However, intramuscular fat(marbling) is desirable to enhance carcass and product quality. The manipulation of lipid content to meet the goals of animal production requires an understanding of the detailed mechanisms of lipid catabolism to help meticulously design nutritional, pharmacological, and physiological approaches to regulate fat accretion. The concept of a basic system of lipases and their co-regulators has been identified. The major lipases cleave triacylglycerol(TAG) stored in lipid droplets in a sequential manner. In adipose tissue, adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL) performs the first and rate-limiting step of TAG breakdown through hydrolysis at the sn-1 position of TAG to release a non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA) and diacylglycerol(DAG). Subsequently, cleavage of DAG occurs via the rate-limiting enzyme hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL) for DAG catabolism, which is followed by monoglyceride lipase (MGL) for monoacylglycerol(MAG) hydrolysis. Recent identification of the co-activator(Comparative Gene Identification-58) and inhibitor [G(0)/G(1) Switch Gene 2] of ATGL have helped elucidate this important initial step of TAG breakdown, while also generating more questions. Additionally, the roles of these lipolysis-related enzymes in muscle, liver and skin tissue have also been found to be of great importance for the investigation of systemic lipolytic regulation.
Júlia Vendrell-Serres,Óscar Soto-Angona,Amanda Rodríguez-Urrutia,Benedetta Inzoli,Antonia López González,Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga 대한정신약물학회 2024 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.22 No.1
Objective: Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD) is commonly defined as the lack of response to two or more antidepressants with different mechanisms of action. Up to 30% of patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder might be considered to present TRD. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of esketamine in patients diagnosed with TRD, who were referred to our program after exhausting all available treatments. A secondary objective consisted in researching the relationship between response and previous use of electroconvulsive therapy. Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out in patients enrolled in the expanded use of esketamine in our center. They received esketamine prior to its marketing authorisation, for therapeutic purposes. Sixteen subjects were analyzed. Effectiveness was assessed with the Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale (MADRS). Patients were followed up to 4 months after the administration. Results: Esketamine showed a rapid, robust effect in improving depressive symptoms, with no specific correlation between outcome and any demographic or clinical traits evaluated. No differences were found between patients that previously received Electroconvulsive Therapy, and those that didn’t. 10 out of 16 patients responded (> 50% change in baseline MADRS scores), but only five achieved remission (< 12 points in the global MADRS score). We provide some recommendations, based on clinical experience, to improve tolerability and adherence, and to manage adverse effects. Conclusion: Results suggest that esketamine is a safe, effective and rapid-acting option for TRD. More studies are needed to properly assess predictors of response outcome.
ON THE MODELLING OF TWO-PHASE FLOW IN HORIZONTAL LEGS OF A PWR
Bestion, D.,Serre, G. Korean Nuclear Society 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.8
This paper aims at presenting the state of the art, the recent progress, and the perspective for the future, in the modelling of two-phase flow in the horizontal legs of a PWR. All phenomena relevant for safety analysis are listed first. The selection of the modelling approach for system codes is then discussed, including the number of fluids or fields, the space and time resolution, and the use of flow regime maps. The classical two-fluid six-equation one-pressure model as it is implemented in the CATHARE code is then presented and its properties are described. It is shown that the axial effects of gravity forces may be correctly taken into account even in the case of change of the cross section area or of the pipe orientation. It is also shown that it can predict both fluvial and torrential flow with a possible hydraulic jump. Since phase stratification plays a dominant role, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and the stability of bubbly flow regime are discussed. A transition criterion based on a stability analysis of shallow water waves may be used to predict the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Recent experimental data obtained in the METERO test facility are analysed to model the transition from a bubbly to stratified flow regime. Finally, perspectives for further improvement of the modelling are drawn including dynamic modelling of turbulence and interfacial area and multi-field models.
Horcajada, Patricia,Chalati, Tamim,Serre, Christian,Gillet, Brigitte,Sebrie, Catherine,Baati, Tarek,Eubank, Jarrod F.,Heurtaux, Daniela,Clayette, Pascal,Kreuz, Christine,Chang, Jong-San,Hwang, Young K Nature Publishing Group 2010 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.9 No.2
In the domain of health, one important challenge is the efficient delivery of drugs in the body using non-toxic nanocarriers. Most of the existing carrier materials show poor drug loading (usually less than 5 wt% of the transported drug versus the carrier material) and/or rapid release of the proportion of the drug that is simply adsorbed (or anchored) at the external surface of the nanocarrier. In this context, porous hybrid solids, with the ability to tune their structures and porosities for better drug interactions and high loadings, are well suited to serve as nanocarriers for delivery and imaging applications. Here we show that specific non-toxic porous iron(III)-based metal–organic frameworks with engineered cores and surfaces, as well as imaging properties, function as superior nanocarriers for efficient controlled delivery of challenging antitumoural and retroviral drugs (that is, busulfan, azidothymidine triphosphate, doxorubicin or cidofovir) against cancer and AIDS. In addition to their high loadings, they also potentially associate therapeutics and diagnostics, thus opening the way for theranostics, or personalized patient treatments.
Hong, Do-Young,Hwang, Young Kyu,Serre, Christian,Fé,rey, Gé,rard,Chang, Jong-San WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.19 No.10
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Recent ideas concerning site-selective functionalization of chromium terephtha-late MIL-101 are discussed, focusing on the utilization of unsaturated Cr(III) sites (see image). Recent advances in synthesis, selective surface functionalization, outstanding sorption properties, encapsulation of nanoobjects, and catalytic applications in MIL-101 are also discussed. <img src='wiley_img/1616301X-2009-19-10-ADFM200801130-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/1616301X-2009-19-10-ADFM200801130-content'> </P>
Bhadra, Biswa Nath,Vinu, Ajayan,Serre, Christian,Jhung, Sung Hwa Elsevier 2019 Materials today Vol.25 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Porous carbons have been considered very important for a long time because of various possible applications. In this review, we summarize the current progress in the field of porous carbons, especially N-enriched carbons, obtained from the carbonization of MOFs with or without additional N-containing compounds. Moreover, metal- or metal oxide-loaded N-doped carbons are also dealt with. Not only the preparation but also the applications in adsorption and catalysis are summarized. More importantly, research ideas or trends will be suggested for further development of these fields. Finally, this study summarizes a number of methods for the preparation of N-enriched carbons (with or without metal or metal oxide) and their efficiencies in various potential applications, including adsorption (liquid-/gas-phase) and organo-/photo-/electro-catalyses, based on their physicochemical properties.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>