Poster Session : PS 0158 ; Diabetes : Effect of Diabetes on Postoperative Ambulation Following Below Knee Amputation Amit Sarag

( Amit Saraf ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Ambulation forms an important part of rehabilitation program after lower limb amputations. Diabetes Mellitus and its complications are commonly associated with amputation. Inspite of this, there is an absence of studies on the effect of diabetes on the post operative ambulation of an amputee. This study analyses the role of diabetes as an independent factor affecting post operative ambulation and compares it with non diabetics Methods: The present study followed 105 patients; 48 diabetics and 57 non diabetic amputees. Their post operative ambulatory level was compared by using Pinzur et al ambulation scale. Both groups were age, sex and BMI matched. Results: There was a worsening of ambulatory level in 33.3% diabetics as compared to 10.7% in non diabetics postoperatively. Of the prosthetic users, 78.4% were in non diabetic group and 21.6% were in diabetic group. 17.6% of prosthetic users required additional support, of whom 66.7% were diabetics. Conclusions: Diabetes Mellitus is an independent factor which has an adverse effect on the functional outcome of a patient after below knee amputation.

Neuropeptide Y_3-36 incorporated into PVAX nanoparticle improves functional blood flow in a murine model of hind limb ischemia

Eshun, Derek,Saraf, Rabya,Bae, Soochan,Jeganathan, Jelliffe,Mahmood, Feroze,Dilmen, Serkan,Ke, Qingen,Lee, Dongwon,Kang, Peter M.,Matyal, Robina American Physiological Society 2017 environmental and exercise physiology Vol.122 No.6

<P>NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our research project proposes a novel method for drug delivery. Our patented PVAX nanoparticle can detect areas of ischemia and oxidative stress. Although there have been studies about delivering angiogenic molecules to areas of ischemic injury, there are drawbacks of nonspecific delivery as well as short half-lives. Our study is unique because it can specifically deliver NPY3-36 to ischemic tissue and appears to extend the amount of time therapy is available, despite NPY3-36's short half-life.</P>

Fusiform “True” Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm with Basilar Artery Occlusion: A Case Report

Shah Ritu,Saraf Rashmi 대한신경중재치료의학회 2024 Neurointervention Vol.19 No.1

Isolated posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms are rare, predominantly fusiform in morphology, and rarely present with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Endovascular management of this pathology is technically challenging due to extreme tortuosity, the artery course in the subarachnoid space, sharp angulations at PCoA junctions with the parent artery, and, at times, associations with either internal carotid artery or basilar artery occlusions. We present a case of a ruptured fusiform PCoA at the junction of middle and distal third with concomitant proximal basilar artery occlusion. The PCoA reforms the posterior circulation, making it a vital artery. Stent-assisted coiling was performed with extreme difficulty in achieving distal positioning of the stents in the basilar artery/posterior cerebral artery/distal PCoA due to artery tortuosity. There was technical difficulty in the stent deployment. After changing strategies to a larger diameter laser-cut stent, endovascular treatment could be performed. There were good angiographic and clinical outcomes with stable occlusion at 6-month-follow-up.

Nanoelectronics: Tunneling current in DNA–Single electron transistor

Rakesh K. Gupta,Vipul Saraf 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.11

Modern silicon-integrated circuit technology has been undoubtedly increasing computing speed every 18 to 24 months according to Moor’s prediction and further, reduction in feature dimensions is not possible without various quantum problems. Despite the fabrication of the molecular junctions (acting as quantum dots), and a CNT field-effect transistor, it is very difficult to connect a single molecule to external leads, thus preventing verification of this idea until recently. Individual molecules can perform functions identical to those of the key components of present day microcircuits. Molecular engineering extends its potential application to manufacture electronic devices at nano scale with much more sophisticated advantages over the modern day microelectronics. The reason behind forming molecular electronics may be that the society at large has a demand for smaller, faster, simpler and better technologies. Bioelectronics is one of the areas of interest that overlaps with biotechnology and includes DNA electronics and cellular computing. Electronic circuit components using single molecules have been proposed since 1974. DNA-based electronic components such as single electron transistors are also being proposed and realized. In this paper, we present the possible tunneling current under different external biasing conditions. DNA–SET model is based on tunneling properties of P-bonds (as tunneling junctions in coulomb blockade regime) in sugar–phosphate backbones of single-strand DNA molecules. Modern silicon-integrated circuit technology has been undoubtedly increasing computing speed every 18 to 24 months according to Moor’s prediction and further, reduction in feature dimensions is not possible without various quantum problems. Despite the fabrication of the molecular junctions (acting as quantum dots), and a CNT field-effect transistor, it is very difficult to connect a single molecule to external leads, thus preventing verification of this idea until recently. Individual molecules can perform functions identical to those of the key components of present day microcircuits. Molecular engineering extends its potential application to manufacture electronic devices at nano scale with much more sophisticated advantages over the modern day microelectronics. The reason behind forming molecular electronics may be that the society at large has a demand for smaller, faster, simpler and better technologies. Bioelectronics is one of the areas of interest that overlaps with biotechnology and includes DNA electronics and cellular computing. Electronic circuit components using single molecules have been proposed since 1974. DNA-based electronic components such as single electron transistors are also being proposed and realized. In this paper, we present the possible tunneling current under different external biasing conditions. DNA–SET model is based on tunneling properties of P-bonds (as tunneling junctions in coulomb blockade regime) in sugar–phosphate backbones of single-strand DNA molecules.

Designing of Antiepileptic Ligands by Esterification and Acetylation of Dipeptides

Vishwakarma, K.K.,Saraf, S.K.,Uppadhyay, R.K.,Kohli, D.V. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1992 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.15 No.3

Glycylglycine, alanylalanine and alanylglycine were synthesized, their free carboxylic and amino groups were converted to methyl esters of N-acetylglycyglycine, N-acetylalanylglycine and N-acetylalanylalanine. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiepileptic activity, plasmaprotein binding, $TD_{50}$ and potentiating effect of phenobarbitone sodium.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in heart disease

Jessica N. Peoples,Anita Saraf,Nasab Ghazal,Tyler T. Pham,Jennifer Q. Kwong 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Beyond their role as a cellular powerhouse, mitochondria are emerging as integral players in molecular signaling and cell fate determination through reactive oxygen species (ROS). While ROS production has historically been portrayed as an unregulated process driving oxidative stress and disease pathology, contemporary studies reveal that ROS also facilitate normal physiology. Mitochondria are especially abundant in cardiac tissue; hence, mitochondrial dysregulation and ROS production are thought to contribute significantly to cardiac pathology. Moreover, there is growing appreciation that medical therapies designed to mediate mitochondrial ROS production can be important strategies to ameliorate cardiac disease. In this review, we highlight evidence from animal models that illustrates the strong connections between mitochondrial ROS and cardiac disease, discuss advancements in the development of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant therapies, and identify challenges faced in bringing such therapies into the clinic.

Comparison of the characteristics of two hemoglobin variants, Hb D-Iran and Hb E, eluting in the Hb A2 window

Jasmita Dass,Aastha Gupta,Suchi Mittal,Amrita Saraf,Sabina Langer,Manorama Bhargava 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.51 No.2

Background: Cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) is most com-monly used to evaluate hemoglobin (Hb) variants, which elute in the Hb A2 window. This study aimed to assess prevalence of an uncommon Hb variant, Hb D-Iran, and compare its red cell parameters and peak characteristics with those of Hb E that commonly elutes in the Hb A2 window. Methods: Generally, we assess abnormal Hb using CE-HPLC as the primary technique along with alkaline and acid electrophoresis. All cases with Hb A2 window >9%, as assessed by CE-HPLCs during 2009‒2013, were selected. Results: Twenty-nine cases with Hb D-Iran variant were identified—25 heterozygous, 2 homo-zygous, 1 compound heterozygous Hb D-Iran/β-thalassemia, and 1 Hb D-Iran/Hb D-Punjab. Overall prevalence of Hb D-Iran was 0.23%. Compared to patients with Hb E, those with Hb D-Iran had significantly higher Hb (12.1 vs. 11.3 g/dL, P=0.03), MCV (82.4 vs. 76.4 fL, P=0.0044), MCH (27.9 vs. 25.45 pg, P=0.0006), and MCHC (33.9 vs. 33.3 g/dL, P=0.0005). Amount of abnormal Hb (40.7 vs. 26.4%, P=0.0001) was sig-nificantly higher while retention time (3.56 vs. 3.70 min, P=0.0001) was significantly lower in Hb D-Iran than in Hb E. Conclusion: Hb D-Iran peak can be easily missed if area and retention time of the Hb A2 window are not carefully analyzed. To distinguish between variants, careful analysis of peak area and retention time is sufficient in most cases and may be further confirmed by the second technique—alkaline electrophoresis.

Comparison of the characteristics of two hemoglobin variants, Hb D-Iran and Hb E, eluting in the Hb A2 window

Jasmita Dass,Aastha Gupta,Suchi Mittal,Amrita Saraf,Sabina Langer,Manorama Bhargava 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.2

Background: Cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) is most com-monly used to evaluate hemoglobin (Hb) variants, which elute in the Hb A2 window. This study aimed to assess prevalence of an uncommon Hb variant, Hb D-Iran, and compare its red cell parameters and peak characteristics with those of Hb E that commonly elutes in the Hb A2 window. Methods: Generally, we assess abnormal Hb using CE-HPLC as the primary technique along with alkaline and acid electrophoresis. All cases with Hb A2 window >9%, as assessed by CE-HPLCs during 2009‒2013, were selected. Results: Twenty-nine cases with Hb D-Iran variant were identified—25 heterozygous, 2 homo-zygous, 1 compound heterozygous Hb D-Iran/β-thalassemia, and 1 Hb D-Iran/Hb D-Punjab. Overall prevalence of Hb D-Iran was 0.23%. Compared to patients with Hb E, those with Hb D-Iran had significantly higher Hb (12.1 vs. 11.3 g/dL, P=0.03), MCV (82.4 vs. 76.4 fL, P=0.0044), MCH (27.9 vs. 25.45 pg, P=0.0006), and MCHC (33.9 vs. 33.3 g/dL, P=0.0005). Amount of abnormal Hb (40.7 vs. 26.4%, P=0.0001) was sig-nificantly higher while retention time (3.56 vs. 3.70 min, P=0.0001) was significantly lower in Hb D-Iran than in Hb E. Conclusion: Hb D-Iran peak can be easily missed if area and retention time of the Hb A2 window are not carefully analyzed. To distinguish between variants, careful analysis of peak area and retention time is sufficient in most cases and may be further confirmed by the second technique—alkaline electrophoresis.

Application of an Electrochemical Nano-sensor for Microbial Monitoring

Eun-Hee Lee,Seung-Woo Lee,Ravi F. Saraf 대한환경공학회 2015 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Genomic appraisal of Klebsiella PGPB isolated from soil to enhance the growth of barley

Sharma Sheetal,Gang Shraddha,Schumacher Jorg,Buck Martin,Saraf Meenu 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.8

Background PGPR has substituted chemical fertilizers to enhance the nutrient profle of the soil. Although gene encoding for PGP activity is present in PGPB their activity changes in response to conditions. Objective To study comparative genomics for three Klebsiella strains and their PGPR activity in response to in vitro and soil condition. Methods We evaluated the activity of three Klebsiella spp. in two diferent conditions, specifc nitrogen-defcient MS media and greenhouse experiment. Applying comparative genomics, genes encoding for PGP traits were identifed from the wholegenome sequencing of the three strains. With the help of the RAST tool kit and functional annotation, a total number of genes encoding for cell wall capsule, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur genes and many other functional groups were identifed. With the help of blast circular genome, similarity between GC content, pseudogene and tRNA was represented. The percentage of gene similarity of SSN1 was generated against BLAST with M5a1 and SGM81. Other methods like synteny alignment and orthologous gene clusters were applied to understand the homologous present in three strains. Results SSN1 was actively producing the maximum amount of ammonia 10.97±0.29 µmol/mL compared to the other two strains. K. oxytoca M5a1 was considered negative for all PGP traits except ammonia production. The activity of SSN1 was showing a consistent pattern both the conditions whereas M5a1 was only active in vitro condition. Gene encoding for allantoin metabolism allD, allC, allB, allA, allE, allR, allH were identifed in SSN1 and M5a1 but was absent in SGM81. The highest COG was shared between SGM81 and SSN1 predicting a maximum number of similar genes. The nif gene cluster was 98% identical to the M5a1 strain. Conclusions Comparatively, SSN1 expressed the additional gene for various PGP traits which suggest higher efciency of strain in nitrogen defciency stress.