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A new catalyst-embedded hierarchical air electrode for high-performance Li–O<sub>2</sub> batteries
Lim, Hee-Dae,Song, Hyelynn,Gwon, Hyeokjo,Park, Kyu-Young,Kim, Jinsoo,Bae, Youngjoon,Kim, Hyungsub,Jung, Sung-Kyun,Kim, Taewoo,Kim, Yong Hyup,Lepró,, Xavier,Ovalle-Robles, Raquel,Baughman, Ray H. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.6 No.12
<P>The Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> battery holds great promise as an ultra-high-energy-density device. However, its limited rechargeability and low energy efficiency remain key barriers to its practical application. Herein, we demonstrate that the ideal electrode morphology design combined with effective catalyst decoration can enhance the rechargeability of the Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> battery over 100 cycles with full discharge and charge. An aligned carbon structure with a hierarchical micro-nano-mesh ensures facile accessibility of reaction products and provides the optimal catalytic conditions for the Pt catalyst. The new electrode is highly reversible even at the extremely high current rate of 2 A g<SUP>−1</SUP>. Moreover, we observed clearly distinct morphologies of discharge products when the catalyst is used. The effect of catalysts on the cycle stability is discussed.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> battery holds great promise as an ultra-high-energy-density device. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3ee41910j'> </P>
Vasoconstriction Potency Induced by Aminoamide Local Anesthetics Correlates with Lipid Solubility
Sung, Hui-Jin,Ok, Seong-Ho,Sohn, Jin-Young,Son, Yong Hyeok,Kim, Jun Kyu,Lee, Soo Hee,Han, Jeong Yeol,Lim, Dong Hoon,Shin, Il-Woo,Lee, Heon-Keun,Chung, Young-Kyun,Choi, Mun-Jeoung,Sohn, Ju-Tae Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology Vol.2012 No.-
<P>Aminoamide local anesthetics induce vasoconstriction <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I>. The goals of this <I>in vitro</I> study were to investigate the potency of local anesthetic-induced vasoconstriction and to identify the physicochemical property (octanol/buffer partition coefficient, pKa, molecular weight, or potency) of local anesthetics that determines their potency in inducing isolated rat aortic ring contraction. Cumulative concentration-response curves to local anesthetics (levobupivacaine, ropivacaine, lidocaine, and mepivacaine) were obtained from isolated rat aorta. Regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the reported physicochemical properties of local anesthetics and the local anesthetic concentration that produced 50% (ED<SUB>50</SUB>) of the local anesthetic-induced maximum vasoconstriction. We determined the order of potency (ED<SUB>50</SUB>) of vasoconstriction among local anesthetics to be levobupivacaine > ropivacaine > lidocaine > mepivacaine. The relative importance of the independent variables that affect the vasoconstriction potency is octanol/buffer partition coefficient > potency > pKa > molecular weight. The ED<SUB>50</SUB> in endothelium-denuded aorta negatively correlated with the octanol/buffer partition coefficient of local anesthetics (<I>r</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 0.9563; <I>P</I> < 0.001). The potency of the vasoconstriction in the endothelium-denuded aorta induced by local anesthetics is determined primarily by lipid solubility and, in part, by other physicochemical properties including potency and pKa.</P>
Lim, Jae Kyu,Mayer, Florian,Kang, Sung Gyun,Mü,ller, Volker National Academy of Sciences 2014 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.111 No.31
<P><I>Thermococcus onnurineus</I> NA1 is known to grow by the anaerobic oxidation of formate to CO<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>, a reaction that operates near thermodynamic equilibrium. Here we demonstrate that this reaction is coupled to ATP synthesis by a transmembrane ion current. Formate oxidation leads to H<SUP>+</SUP> translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane that then drives Na<SUP>+</SUP> translocation. The ion-translocating electron transfer system is rather simple, consisting of only a formate dehydrogenase module, a membrane-bound hydrogenase module, and a multisubunit Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP> antiporter module. The electrochemical Na<SUP>+</SUP> gradient established then drives ATP synthesis. These data give a mechanistic explanation for chemiosmotic energy conservation coupled to formate oxidation to CO<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>. Because it is discussed that the membrane-bound hydrogenase with the Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP> antiporter module are ancestors of complex I of mitochondrial and bacterial electron transport these data also shed light on the evolution of ion transport in complex I-like electron transport chains.</P>
Novel Disposable Transnasal Endoscopy for Assessment of Esophageal Motor Function
Lim, Chul-Hyun,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Baeg, Myong-Ki,Moon, Sung Jin,Kim, Jin Su,Cho, Yu Kyung,Park, Jae Myung,Lee, In Seok,Kim, Sang Woo,Choi, Kyu Yong RAVEN PRESS PUBLISHERS 2014 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.48 No.5
BACKGROUND:: A novel disposable transnasal endoscopy (DTE) with a portable system has been developed to provide unsedated esophagoscopy by modifying capsule endoscopy. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of DTE to evaluate esophageal motor function. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: Patients with or suspected esophageal motility disorders and healthy volunteers were enrolled. Participants underwent esophageal high-resolution manometry and DTE in random order on different days. Motility was observed with DTE at 1, 8, and 16 cm above the gastroesophageal junction. RESULTS:: Twenty healthy volunteers and 20 symptomatic subjects participated (8 achalasia, 5 scleroderma, 3 diffuse esophageal spasm, 1 hypertensive peristalsis, 1 peristaltic dysfunction, and 22 normal esophageal function). The normal findings on DTE were as follows. As the subject swallowed water, swallow-induced relaxation with elevation of the lower esophageal sphincter caused the endoscope to cross the Z-line into the gastric lumen. After the passage of water and air, complete closure of the lower esophageal sphincter occurred, with the return of the endoscope to its previous position. During the resting stage of the esophageal body, an air bubble could be seen in the center of the radially wrinkled and occluded lumen. The endoscopic diagnosis was in agreement with the clinical diagnosis in all but 2. Most of the participants reported acceptable discomfort during DTE and 62.5% of the subjects preferred DTE to manometry. CONCLUSIONS:: DTE can accurately characterize normal esophageal motor function, allowing the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders. DTE has potential widespread applications, especially in outpatient clinics.
만성요통환자를 대상으로 운동치료 및 물리치료가 통증에 미치는 효과에 대한 메타분석
( Sung-kyu Kim ),( Bee-oh Lim ) 한국운동역학회 2020 한국운동역학회지 Vol.30 No.1
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate meta-analysis on the effects of exercise therapy and physiotherapy on pain in korean patients with chronic low back pain. Method: Meta-analysis was performed on the type and method of treatment. A total of 23 experimental studies were coding into 31 individual studies, into types, methods, visual analogue scale (VAS), each pre/post value of the effect size was calculated by meta-analysis. Results: Sling exercise, stretching, thermal therapy, kinesio-taping, lumbar stabilization exercise, electrotherapy is large effect size (ES ≥ .08). In addition, big effects occurred in order of treatment period is more than 9 weeks, three times a week. Conclusion: Our results indicated that persistent treatment of chronic back pain is the most effective method of self-sufficiency rather than temporary relief.
Incidence of cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer in Korea, 1999-2010
Lim, Myong Cheol,Moon, Eun-Kyeong,Shin, Aesun,Jung, Kyu-Won,Won, Young-Joo,Seo, Sang Soo,Kang, Sokbom,Kim, Jae-Weon,Kim, Joo-Young,Park, Sang-Yoon Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology; Korean Soci 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.4
<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To investigate the recent incidence of and trends in cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer in Korean females.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry between 1999 and 2010 were analyzed. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The absolute incidence rates of the three major gynecologic cancers increased: 6,394 in 1999 to 7,454 in 2010. The ASR for gynecologic cancer was 23.7 per 100,000 in 1999 and decreased to 21.0 in 2010 (APC, -1.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.53 to -0.70) due to a definitive decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer (APC, -4.3%). Endometrial cancer has been definitively increasing (APC, 6.9% during 1999-2010), especially in females <30 years old (APC, 11.2%) and in females ≥80 years old (APC, 9.5%). The incidence of ovarian cancer is increasing gradually (APC, 1.5%).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>ASRs and APC for gynecologic cancers overall are decreasing due to the decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer. However, the incidence of endometrial and ovarian cancer has been increasing.</P>
Classifying Host Susceptibility Using Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Viral Load and Antibody Titer
Kyu-Sang Lim(임규상),Eun-A Lee(이은아),Kyung-Tai Lee(이경태),Taehoon Chun(전태훈),Ki-Chang Hong(홍기창),Jun-Mo Kim(김준모) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.3
양돈산업에 있어 돼지 써코바이러스 2형(PCV2)의 복합감염으로 인한 이유자돈의 질병 피해가 막대하다. PCV2 감염에 대한 숙주의 민감도는 상이한 것으로 알려져 있으며, 따라서 숙주의 민감도를 구분하는 것은, 이를 이용한 숙주의 저항성 향상 연구에 필수이다. 본 연구의 목적은 이유자돈군의 혈액 내에서 PCV2 바이러스에 대한 숙주의 민감도를 구분 짓고 구명하는데 있었다. 본 연구에서는 자연적으로 바이러스에 감염된 10주령의 이유자돈군으로 부터 혈청을 채취하여 PCV2 바이러스량과 항체가를 측정하고 혈구분석을 실시했다. 또한, 측정된 PCV2 바이러스량과 항체가를 기준으로 자돈군 내에서 저항성군과 민감성군을 선정하였고, 통계분석결과 저항성군에 비해 민감성군에서 백혈구 수가 현저히 줄어든 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해서 PCV2 감염에 대한 돼지의 민감도를 구분짓기 위한 PCV2 바이러스량과 항체가를 이용한 복합기준을 제시할 수 있었으며, 이유자돈군의 PCV2 관련 질병저항성 및 백혈구감소증을 확인할 수 있는 방법을 마련하였다. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a notorious and ubiquitous virus in the swine industry. The susceptibility of the host to PCV2 infection is considered to be one factor associated with the dynamics of PCV2. The objective of this study was to verify the criteria for host susceptibility to PCV2, using blood parameters of post-weaned pigs naturally infected with the virus. The PCV2 DNA viral load, antibody titer, and leukopenia characteristics were measured in the serum extracted from the pigs at the 10th week. We classified the pigs into high (>5.0), intermediate (3.0 to 5.0), and low (<3.0) groups on the basis of the PCV2 viral load (log copies/ml), or as positive (≤0.50) and negative (>0.50) groups on the basis of antibody titer (sample-to-negative corrected ratio). Moreover, using these two categorized parameters, we suggested the criteria for classification into the susceptible and resistant groups. Statistical analyses revealed that pigs in the susceptible group had a significantly higher viral load (p<0.001) and negative antibody titer (p<0.001), as well as significantly lower leukocyte counts (p=0.018) and lower amounts of several leukocyte components (p<0.05), than pigs in the resistant group. We concluded that the susceptible group could be considered to have PCV2-induced leukopenia. Therefore, we suggest that the combined classifications of viral loads and anti-PCV2 antibodies can be used to determine PCV2-induced leukopenia in the subclinical PCV2 infection of post-weaned pig populations.