Issues in International Sexual Trafficking in Women

Sarla Sharma 숙명여자대학교 아세아여성문제연구소 2001 Asian Women Vol.13 No.-

$quot;Sex trafficking$quot; is defined as the purchase, sale, recruitment, harboring, the abuse of authority to recruit, transport within or across border, transfer, or receipt of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act. It also includes the use of deception, coercion, debt bandage, threat of force for the purpose of holding such a person in involuntary servitude, slavery, or slavery-like conditions to force and coerce into labor. Research findings conclude that each year, more than two million women and children are trafficked against their will annually around the world, generally for the purpose of forced labor, domestic servitude or sexual exploitation. It has become one of the fastest growing criminal enterprises in the world having an impact on all nations. This is a new form of slavery due to poverty and greed and the price is based on the value of a woman's usefulness of her body. It is a 4 billion-dollar business, however, the women never see a penny. Based on existing contemporary literature, the paper sheds light on different dimensions of sexual trafficking in women, In includes the theoretical postulation of sexual exploitation, discussion on international pattern of trafficking in women, profile of trafficked women, effects of sexual trafficking on women, characteristics of traffickers, strategies to prevent, persecute, protect the victims, psychological healing of women, and the recommendations for new initiatives to eradicate the suffering of women due to sexual trafficking.

The Women's Movement in India from Post-Independence to the 2000 : A Profile

Sarla Sharma 숙명여자대학교 아세아여성문제연구소 1999 Asian Women Vol.9 No.-

Domestic Violence against Women : An International Perspective

Sarla Sharma 숙명여자대학교 아세아여성문제연구소 1998 Asian Women Vol.6 No.-

Promotion of peace as a prelude to the Equal Status of Women

Sarla Sharma 숙명여자대학교 아세아여성문제연구소 2001 Asian Women Vol.12 No.-

In our era, peace is being pursued in diverse ways by statesmen, diplomats, politicians, intellectuals, activists, and, above all, by women. Still the psychosis of war permeates the thinking and the military interests, and militaristic mentality continues to dominate decisions on matters of national and international security. Thus, the selection of peace as one of the three main themes of the United Nations Decade for Women resulted from the long tradition of women's concerns about their suffering due to the devastating waste of resources caused by war. Women face the issues of support or resistance to war, and the enigma of achieving peace in a context very different from that of men. In the post-Cold War era, religious, ethnic, tribal rivalries, and international terrorism have virtually replaced the impending threats of all out wars and the psychological battles once waged by the superpowers. These conflicts require a novel form of conflict resolution, integrating the perceptions and values of the citizenry by eliciting ideas from their communities, developing policies and agreements rooted in the needs, concerns, and values of the people. This paper would attempt to shed light on the peace- initiatives by women, feminist perspectives on peace, types of peace, impact of international armed conflicts on family lives, especially, women, strategies for the resolution of conflicts, and policy implications. The literature search revealed that there is an increased participation of women in promoting non-violent forms of conflict resolution through dialogue and negotiation, and that they become key to the success or failure of diplomatic and/or political solutions. Peace for women means equitable distribution of resources, reduction of military budgets, and emphasis on non-violence. Feminist perspective of peace is defined in terms of conservative, liberal, marxism, radical, socialist as well as a women of color perspectives. Peace could be negative as well as positive. The major effects of armed conflicts on women are poverty, rise in crime of rape and sexual exploitation, cultural inhibitions in expression of pains, financial burden of women-headed households and refugee problems, absence of role in decision-making, and lack of access to the media. To cope with these hardships, paper suggests several strategies like education, access to media, training for livelihood, role in decision making, psychological therapy, and legislative measures. Finally, there are several policy recommendations to be developed and enforced by the local, national, and international communities with far reaching consequences in promoting peace, providing opportunities for women to be free from societal restraints, and enhancing equality between women and men.

Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes forYield and Related Traits in Madhukar x Swarna RIL Population of Rice

Anuradha Kotla,Sarla Neelamraju,Surekha Agarwal,Venkateswara Rao Yadavalli,Vishnu Prasanth Vinukonda,VN Chakravarthi Dhavala 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.1

Yield of popular rice varieties such as Swarna grown in rainfed lowlands and Madhukar grown in flood prone areas needs to be continuously improved. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed from the cross between two indica cultivars Madhukar and Swarna. QTLs were mapped using 110 markers in 168 RILs. In all, 26 QTLs were mapped for yield and five related traits on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12. QTL for plant height and days to flowering were co-located between RM23147 - RM337 on chromosome 8. RM251, RM314, and RM1135 were significantly associated with plant height and OsYSL17 was significantly linked with grain yield. Epistatic interaction was detected for plant height and number of tillers. Several candidate genes reported for yield and related traits underlie the QTL regions.

Partnering Nursing Students with Nurse Educators

Roxie A. Thompson Isherwood,Sandra M. Reilly,Sarla Sethi,Sheila Evans,Shahirose Premji,Anne Snowdon 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Using Evidence to Move Toward Safer Communities

Roxie A. Thompson Isherwood,Sandra M. Reilly,Sarla Sethi,Sheila Evans,Shahirose Premji,Anne Snowdon 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Telemedicine Software Application

UNGUREANU, Ovidiu Costica,POPESCU, Marius-Constantin,CIOBANU, Daniela,UNGUREANU, Elena,SARLA, Calin Gabriel,CIOBANU, Alina-Elena,TODINCA, Paul International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.2

Currently, hospitals and medical practices have a large amount of unstructured information, gathered in time at each ward or practice by physicians in a wide range of medical branches. The data requires processing in order to be able to extract relevant information, which can be used to improve the medical system. It is useful for a physician to have access to a patient's entire medical history when he or she is in an emergency situation, as relevant information can be found about the patient's problems such as: allergies to various medications, personal history, or hereditary collateral conditions etc. If the information exists in a structured form, the detection of diseases based on specific symptoms is much easier, faster and with a higher degree of accuracy. Thus, physicians may investigate certain pathological profiles and conduct cohort clinical trials, including comparing the profile of a particular patient with other similar profiles that already have a confirmed diagnosis. Involving information technology in this field will change so the time which the physicians should spend in front of the computer into a much more beneficial one, providing them with the possibility for more interaction with the patient while listening to the patient's needs. The expert system, described in the paper, is an application for medical diagnostic of the most frequently met conditions, based on logical programming and on the theory of probabilities. The system rationale is a search item in the field basic knowledge on the condition. The web application described in the paper is implemented for the ward of pathological anatomy of a hospital in Romania. It aims to ease the healthcare staff's work, to create a connection of communication at one click between the necessary wards and to reduce the time lost with bureaucratic proceedings. The software (made in PHP programming language, by writing directly in the source code) is developed in order to ease the healthcare staff's activity, being created in a simpler and as elegant way as possible.

Genotype by Environment (G×E) Interaction Study on Yield Traits in Different Maturity Groups of Rice

Swapna Jadhav,Divya Balakrishnan,Gouri Shankar V,Kavitha Beerelli,Gowthami Chandu,Sarla Neelamraju 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.5

Rice production is affected by emerging problems of climate change and over-utilization of resources. To obtain consistent yield across diverse environments, a variety should have adaptability and stability to fit into various growing conditions. G×E interaction and stability performance of 59 rice lines of different maturity durations were investigated for grain yield-related traits in three environments. This study was carried out to identify stable lines for varietal development as well as to identify parental lines with stable contributing traits for further breeding programs. AMMI and GGE analysis showed significant genotype, environment, and G×E interaction indicating the presence of variability among the genotypes and environments. The G×E interaction effect showed that the genotypes responded differently to the variation in environmental conditions or seasonal fluctuations and explained that most of the traits were contributed mainly by genotype, followed by environment and their interaction. As per AMMI biplot analysis, environment1 was identified as the best suited for potential expression of grain yield and related traits. Results of stability analysis revealed that early and mid-early genotypes NH776, NH4371, 27K, NH686, 258S, NH219, and Tellahamsa were identified as the best stable genotypes across all the three seasons for single plant grain yield and hence suitable for wider environments. These selected genotypes can be suggested for hybridization in further breeding programs to develop early genotypes with high yield. The stable early and mid-early lines with high yield potential will be tested in multi-location trials for commercial cultivation.

Transgressive Segregation for Yield Traits in Oryza sativa IR58025B ${\times}$ Oryza meridionalis Ng. $Bc_2F_3$ Population under Irrigated and Aerobic Conditions

Varma, Chejerla Mohan Kumar,Gouda, Patil Kalmeshwer,Saikumar, Surapaneni,Shenoy, Vinay,Shashidhar, Halagappa Eshwarappa,Neelamraju, Sarla 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Wild species of the genus Oryza are a good source of beneficial alleles for enhancing rice yield under normal and adverse conditions. $Bc_2F_3$ population was derived from a cross between Oryza sativa IR58025B and Oryza meridionalis Ng. (2n = 24, AA) a heat tolerant wild species to evaluate 12 yield traits under irrigated and aerobic conditions. Analysis of variance and genetic estimates indicated there is substantial genetic variation among progenies under both conditions. Grain yield had high heritability (61.9%) and genetic advance (36.4%) under irrigated conditions but moderate heritability (49.6%) and genetic advance (13.3%) under aerobic conditions indicating that selection for yield will be effective under both conditions. Panicle number, grain number, spikelet fertility, and test weight showed significant positive correlation with grain yield under both conditions. Families out-performing IR58025B for yield under both conditions were obtained providing evidence that phenotypically inferior O. meridionalis contributed to yield increase. This species can be a novel source of natural genetic variation for the improvement of rice under irrigated as well as under aerobic condition.