Phase structure and electromechanical behavior of Li, Nb co-doped 0.95Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.05BaZrO₃ ceramics

Hussain, A.,Maqbool, A.,Malik, R.A.,Lee, J.H.,Sung, Y.S.,Song, T.K.,Kim, M.H. Elsevier 2017 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.43 No.suppl1

In this work, the effect of Li, Nb co-doping on the structural phase, dielectric, ferroelectric and field induced strain behavior of 0.95Bi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Na<SUB>0.5</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB>-0.05BaZrO<SUB>3</SUB> (BNT-BZ5) ceramic was investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of single phase perovskite structure in the studied composition range. However, with increasing Li, Nb co-doping concentration, the maximum dielectric constant decreased and the dielectric maximum temperature (T<SUB>m</SUB>) slightly shifted towards higher temperature. The field induced strain response increased from 0.18% for pure BNT-BZ5 to 0.38% for 1mol.% Li, Nb modified BNT-BZ5 sample. The corresponding dynamic piezoelectric coefficient for these composition were (S<SUB>max</SUB>/E<SUB>max</SUB> = 257pm/V) and (S<SUB>max</SUB>/E<SUB>max</SUB> = 542pm/V), respectively. These results suggest that the BNLTN-BZ ceramic can be considered as a promising candidate material for piezoelectric application.

Synthesis of absolutely stabilising controllers

Malik, W.A.,Kang, S.,Darbha, S.,Bhattacharyya, S.P. IET 2008 IET control theory & applications Vol.2 No.10

<P>The synthesis of fixed order controllers for nonlinear systems with sector bounded nonlinearities is considered. The authors constructed an inner and outer approximation of the set of absolutely stabilising linear controllers by casting the closed loop system as a Lure-Postnikov system. The inner approximation is based on the well-known sufficient conditions that require strict positive realness (SPR) of open loop transfer function (possibly with some multipliers) and a characterisation of SPR transfer functions that require a family of complex polynomials to be Hurwitz. The outer approximation is based on the condition that the open loop transfer function must have infinite gain margin, which translates to a family of real polynomials being Hurwitz. The authors illustrate the proposed methodology through the construction of an inner and outer approximation of absolutely stabilising controllers for a mechanical system.</P>

Bristle Maps: A Multivariate Abstraction Technique for Geovisualization

SungYe Kim,Maciejewski, R.,Malik, A.,Yun Jang,Ebert, D. S.,Isenberg, T. IEEE 2013 IEEE transactions on visualization and computer gr Vol.19 No.9

<P>We present Bristle Maps, a novel method for the aggregation, abstraction, and stylization of spatiotemporal data that enables multiattribute visualization, exploration, and analysis. This visualization technique supports the display of multidimensional data by providing users with a multiparameter encoding scheme within a single visual encoding paradigm. Given a set of geographically located spatiotemporal events, we approximate the data as a continuous function using kernel density estimation. The density estimation encodes the probability that an event will occur within the space over a given temporal aggregation. These probability values, for one or more set of events, are then encoded into a bristle map. A bristle map consists of a series of straight lines that extend from, and are connected to, linear map elements such as roads, train, subway lines, and so on. These lines vary in length, density, color, orientation, and transparencyâcreating the multivariate attribute encoding scheme where event magnitude, change, and uncertainty can be mapped as various bristle parameters. This approach increases the amount of information displayed in a single plot and allows for unique designs for various information schemes. We show the application of our bristle map encoding scheme using categorical spatiotemporal police reports. Our examples demonstrate the use of our technique for visualizing data magnitude, variable comparisons, and a variety of multivariate attribute combinations. To evaluate the effectiveness of our bristle map, we have conducted quantitative and qualitative evaluations in which we compare our bristle map to conventional geovisualization techniques. Our results show that bristle maps are competitive in completion time and accuracy of tasks with various levels of complexity.</P>

Patella dislocation: an online systematic video analysis of the mechanism of injury

Dewan V.,Webb M. S. L.,Prakash D.,Malik A.,Gella S.,Kipps C. 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-

Background: The mechanism of injury (MoI) for a patellar dislocation has not been fully established. The aim of this study was to use systematic video analysis to determine the MoI of a patella dislocation. Methods: A systematic search was conducted of three video sharing websites and three popular search engines to identify videos demonstrating a patellar dislocation. Videos were reviewed by three surgeons trained in systematic video analysis, who commented on the position of the lower limb and the situation in which the injury occurred. The results were reviewed to build a consensus of the MoI for each video. Statistical analysis was conducted for interobserver agreement (p < 0.05). Results: Initial search yielded 603 videos with 13 meeting the inclusion criteria. The injuries were sustained performing a sporting activity (n = 9) or whilst dancing (n = 4). The injury was predominantly sustained during a non-contact situation (n = 10). The most common mechanism was an unbalanced individual with a flexed hip sustaining a valgus force to their flexed knee with the tibia externally rotated. Conclusions: This study provides some insight into the MoI for a patellar dislocation and the findings may assist in developing injury prevention programmes and rehabilitation protocols as well as guiding future research.

A Novel Algorithm for Segmentation of Lung Images

Malik, A. S.,Choi, T.-S. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2006 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol.4345 No.-

Multiscale Segmentation of HRCT Images Using Bipolar Incoherent Filtering

Malik, A. S.,Choi, T.-S. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2005 ICHIT 2012 Vol.3804 No.-

Application of Passive Techniques for Three Dimensional Cameras

Malik, A.S.,Tae-Sun Choi IEEE 2007 IEEE transactions on consumer electronics Vol.53 No.2

<P>Depth estimation is an active area of research for 3-dimensional (3D) shape recovery. In this paper, we present a passive depth estimation method. Since the 3-dimensional (3D) cameras currently available are quite expensive, we propose the passive method as a means to decrease the high cost associated with 3D cameras. Our algorithm is based on the fuzzy-neuro approach. A fuzzy inference system (FIS) is designed and trained using the neural network for the calculation of the depth map. The proposed approximation technique yields good results when it is tested with several 3D objects.</P>

Replacing groundnut cake with gluten meals of rice and maize in diets for growing Sahiwal cattle

Malik, Tariq A.,Thakur, S.S.,Mahesh, M.S.,Yogi, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.10

Objective: This experiment investigated the effect of isonitrogenous replacement of groundnut cake (GNC) by rice gluten meal (RGM) and maize gluten meal (MGM) at 75% level on nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, growth performance and related blood constituents in growing Sahiwal cattle. Methods: Eighteen Sahiwal calves were divided into three groups, based on average body weight (87.24 kg) and age (6 to 12 mo), and treatments were assigned to the different groups randomly. The first group (GP-I) was kept as control and received GNC-based concentrate mixture. In second (GP-II) and third (GP-III) groups, 750 g/kg nitrogen (N) of GNC was substituted by RGM and MGM respectively, with similar forage:concentrate ratio (56:44). Results: The 90 days of experimental feeding revealed that intake of dry matter, crude protein and digestibility coefficients for all nutrients did not differ among groups. Furthermore, although N balance was greater ($p{\leq}0.05$) for GP-III than GP-I and GP-II, average daily gain was similar between GP-I and GP-II but greater ($p{\leq}0.05$) for GP-III. In addition, feed efficiency and related haematological variables did not differ due to treatments. Conclusion: Nutritional worth of GNC and RGM was highly comparable in terms of intake, digestibility and growth in growing calves. However, MGM was found to be more efficacious in improving growth rate than RGM at 75% replacement level of GNC protein.

Diffusive Species in MHD Squeezed Fluid Flow Through non-Darcy Porous Medium with Viscous Dissipation and Joule Heating

S. Ahmad,M. Farooq,Aisha Anjum,M. Javed,M. Y. Malik,A. S. Alshomrani 한국자기학회 2018 Journal of Magnetics Vol.23 No.2

This article focuses the flow through non-Darcy porous medium. The flow is due to the squeezing phenomenon. The magneto viscous fluid is accounted. Formulation of the flow problem is interpreted the salient features of Ohmic heating (Joule heating), viscous dissipation and auto-catalyst and reactants (i.e. homogeneousheterogeneous reactions). A whole analysis is carried out with different diffusion coefficients for both auto-catalyst and reactants. It is also desired to observe the dependence of convective surface condition on flow regime in heat transport process. The resulting non-linear partial differential equations are found to be governing by dimensionless ordinary differential equations with the implementation of similarity solutions. A homotopic procedure based on an iterative scheme is utilized for the solutions of the flow problem. Flow velocity, fluid temperature and concentration are addressed via graphs for different values of geometrical and rheological parameters of considered flow problem. Moreover, skin friction co-efficient and Nusselt number are sketched and discussed graphically. The analysis reveals that higher values of mass diffusion ratio parameter result reduction in concentration of specie B whereas concentration of specie A enhances for higher mass diffusion ratio parameter.

Comparison of Polymers: A New Application of Shape From Focus

Malik, A.S.,Tae-Sun Choi IEEE 2009 IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems Vol.39 No.2

<P>New polymers are frequently appearing in the literature with a wide range of applications, e.g., they are being used in applications like fuel cell membrane, fertilizers, coating elements, etc. One of the requirements of the researchers involved in polymer science is to quickly compare the samples being fabricated. One of the measures for comparison is surface roughness. However, the high cost involved in the estimation of surface roughness limits its extensive and exhaustive usage. In this paper, we propose to estimate the surface roughness using the image focus, i.e., shape from focus (SFF). We show that the results from SFF are encouraging for comparison of polymers using surface roughness.</P>