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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Rideout, N.M. (검색결과 4 건)
- 무료
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Full-scale study of wind loads on roof tiles and felt underlay and comparisons with design data
Robertson, A.P.,Hoxey, R.P.,Rideout, N.M.,Freathy, P. Techno-Press 2007 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.10 No.6
Wind pressure data have been collected on the tiled roof of a full-scale test house at Silsoe in the UK. The tiled roof was of conventional UK construction with a batten-space and bitumen-felt underlay beneath the interlocking concrete tiles. Pressures were monitored on the outer surface of selected tiles, at several locations within the batten-space, and beneath the underlay. Data were collected both with and without ventilator tiles installed on the roof. Little information appears to exist on the share of wind load between tiles and underlays which creates uncertainty in the design of both components. The present study has found that for the critical design case of maximum uplifts it would be appropriate to assign 85% of the net roof load to the tiles and 15% to the underlay when an internal pressure coefficient of -0.3 is used, and to assign 60% to the tiles and 50% to the underlay when an internal pressure coefficient of +0.2 is assumed (an element of design conservatism is inherent in the apparent 110% net loading indicated by the latter pair of percentage values). These findings indicate that compared with loads implied by BS 6399-2, UK design loads for underlay are currently conservative by 25% whilst tile loads are unconservative by around 20% in ridge and general regions and by around 45% in edge regions on average over roof slopes of $15^{\circ}-60^{\circ}$.
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Full-scale study of wind loads on roof tiles and felt underlay and comparisons with design data
R.P. Hoxey,N.M. Rideout,A.P. Robertson,P. Freathy 한국풍공학회 2007 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.10 No.6
Wind pressure data have been collected on the tiled roof of a full-scale test house at Silsoe in the UK. The tiled roof was of conventional UK construction with a batten-space and bitumen-felt underlay beneath the interlocking concrete tiles. Pressures were monitored on the outer surface of selected tiles, at several locations within the batten-space, and beneath the underlay. Data were collected both with and without ventilator tiles installed on the roof. Little information appears to exist on the share of wind load between tiles and underlays which creates uncertainty in the design of both components. The present study has found that for the critical design case of maximum uplifts it would be appropriate to assign 85% of the net roof load to the tiles and 15% to the underlay when an internal pressure coefficient of -0.3 is used, and to assign 60% to the tiles and 50% to the underlay when an internal pressure coefficient of +0.2 is assumed (an element of design conservatism is inherent in the apparent 110% net loading indicated by the latter pair of percentage values). These findings indicate that compared with loads implied by BS 6399-2, UK design loads for underlay are currently conservative by 25% whilst tile loads are unconservative by around 20% in ridge and general regions and by around 45% in edge regions on average over roof slopes of 15o-60o.
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Heo, J. M.,Agyekum, A. K.,Yin, Y. L.,Rideout, T. C.,Nyachoti, C. M. American Society of Animal Science 2014 Journal of Animal Science Vol.92 No.9
<P>The aim was to evaluate the effects of feeding resistant potato starch (RPS) as a natural source of resistant starch to weaned pigs for 28 d immediately after weaning. Sixty piglets (Yorkshire–Landrace × Duroc) weaned at 21 ± 2 d (1:1 male:female) with an initial BW of 7.2 ± 0.78 kg were assigned in a completely randomized design to 1 of 5 dietary treatments to give 6 observations per treatment and 2 pigs per pen. Dietary treatments consisted of a negative control corn–soybean meal–wheat–wheat middlings–based diet (NC; no antimicrobial agents added) or the NC supplemented with RPS either as powder or in capsules and each included at 0.5 or 1.0% as a top-dressing on each day. Diets were formulated to meet 1998 NRC specifications. Pigs were offered the experimental diets on an ad libitum basis for 28 d and water was available at all times. The ADG, ADFI, and G:F were determined weekly. Fecal score was determined daily for 14 d after weaning. At the conclusion of study, 1 pig from each pen was randomly selected and euthanized (<I>n</I> = 6 per treatment) to determine visceral organ weight, digesta pH, VFA, and ammonia N (NH<SUB>3</SUB>–N) concentrations. Resistant potato starch supplementation improved (<I>P</I> < 0.001) fecal score, and pigs offered 1.0% RPS had more solid feces (<I>P</I> < 0.05) than those offered 0.5% RPS during the first 14 d after weaning, independent of the form of RPS. Resistant potato starch supplementation decreased (<I>P</I> < 0.05) ileal and cecal digesta pH regardless of the levels of RPS or mode of delivery. The total VFA concentrations in cecal digesta were greater (<I>P</I> < 0.05) but the molar proportion of branched-chain fatty acids were lower (<I>P</I> < 0.05) for pigs fed the RPS-containing diets compared with those fed the NC, irrespective of the RPS levels or the form of RPS. However, there were no differences (<I>P</I> > 0.10) in visceral organ weights, growth performance, and digestibilities of DM, CP, Ca, and P among treatments. The results of this experiment indicate that supplementing a weaner pig diet with at least 0.5% RPS independent of mode of delivery has the potential to enhance outcomes characteristic of a functional gut in weaned pigs without adverse effects on growth.</P>
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Mukti Ram Subedi,Weimin Xi,Christopher B. Edgar,Sandra Rideout-Hanzak,Brent C. Hedquist 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.1
Drought is one of the most complex and least understood climate-related natural hazards. Active drought mitigation and contingency plan formulation often require a reliable drought distribution map. This study analyzed different spatial interpolation techniques to produce drought distribution map in East Texas, USA. Deterministic [inverse distance weighting (IDW) and spline], and geostatistical [ordinary kriging (Gaussian (KG) and spherical (KS))] interpolation techniques were employed as candidate methods for evaluation. Thirty-four years (1980–2013) of weather station data (N = 47) were used to calculate a 12-month Standardized Precipitation Evaporation Index (SPEI). The dataset was randomly divided into test data (70%, N = 33) and validation data (30%, N = 14). The resulting SPEI maps were cross-checked and validated through a validation dataset by calculating error matrices. The results indicate that KG tends to perform well in relatively drier conditions while IDW shows mixed results, performing well both in dry and wet conditions. The overall power of the four techniques to map 12-month drought conditions resulted in the order of IDW[KG[KS[spline.
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