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Hu, Jinchuan,Choi, Jun-Hyuk,Gaddameedhi, Shobhan,Kemp, Michael G.,Reardon, Joyce T.,Sancar, Aziz American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2013 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.288 No.29
<P>Nucleotide excision repair is the sole mechanism for removing the major UV photoproducts from genomic DNA in human cells. <I>In vitro</I> with human cell-free extract or purified excision repair factors, the damage is removed from naked DNA or nucleosomes in the form of 24- to 32-nucleotide-long oligomers (nominal 30-mer) by dual incisions. Whether the DNA damage is removed from chromatin <I>in vivo</I> in a similar manner and what the fate of the excised oligomer was has not been known previously. Here, we demonstrate that dual incisions occur <I>in vivo</I> identical to the <I>in vitro</I> reaction. Further, we show that transcription-coupled repair, which operates in the absence of the XPC protein, also generates the nominal 30-mer in UV-irradiated XP-C mutant cells. Finally, we report that the excised 30-mer is released from the chromatin in complex with the repair factors TFIIH and XPG. Taken together, our results show the congruence of <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I> data on nucleotide excision repair in humans.</P>
Park, Yong‐,Lak,Gururajan, Srikanth,Thistle, Harold,Chandran, Rakesh,Reardon, Richard John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2018 Pest Management Science Vol.74 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND</B></P><P><I>Rhinoncomimus latipes</I> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major biological control agent against the invasive plant <I>Persicaria perfoliata</I>. Release of <I>R. latipes</I> is challenging with the current visit‐and‐hand release approach because <I>P. perfoliata</I> shows a high degree of patchiness in the landscape, possesses recurved barbs on its stems, and often spreads into hard‐to‐access areas. This 3‐year study developed and evaluated unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for precise aerial release of <I>R. latipes</I> to control <I>P. perfoliata</I>.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>We have developed two UAS (i.e. quad‐rotor and tri‐rotor) and an aerial release system to disseminate <I>R. latipes</I>. These include pods containing <I>R. latipes</I> and a dispenser to accommodate eight pods. Results of field tests to evaluate the systems showed no significant (<I>P</I> > 0.05) effects on survivorship and feeding ability of <I>R. latipes</I> after aerial release.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>Our study demonstrates the potential of UAS for precision aerial release of biological control agents to control invasive plants. The aerial deployment systems we have developed, including both pods and a dispenser, are low cost, logistically practical, and effective with no negative effects on aerially released <I>R. latipes</I>. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry</P>
Brian Fiani,Rebecca Houston,Imran Siddiqi,Mohammad Arshad,Taylor Reardon,Brandon Gilliland,Cyrus Davati,Athanasios Kondilis 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1
Retro-odontoid pseudotumor formation consists of an abnormal growth of granulation tissue typically posterior to the odontoid process, resulting as a manifestation of atlantoaxial instability. This instability can occur as a result of conditions ranging from severe mechanical trauma to metabolic disease or autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. A pseudotumor may impinge on the spinal nerves or even the spinal cord and brainstem, manifesting symptoms from severe neck pain to cervicomedullary compression or myelopathy, and in some cases even sudden death. The objective of this review is to consolidate the findings in published case reports and relevant prior literature reviews regarding the formation of retro-odontoid pseudotumor. We address the pathophysiology involved in acquired and congenital pseudotumor formation, including those associated with rheumatoid arthritis (panni). Additionally, we discuss past and current operative techniques designed to curtail and ultimately regress a retro-odontoid pseudotumor and pannus. Surgical techniques that are addressed include ventral decompression (both transoral and transnasal), dorsal decompression, and indications for posterior instrumentation in pannus formation, particularly in cases that may be sufficiently treated in lieu of an anterior approach. Finally, we will examine the role of external orthoses as both a method of conservative treatment as well as a potential adjunct to the aforementioned surgical procedures.
Comprehensive Characterization of Cancer Driver Genes and Mutations
Bailey, Matthew H.,Tokheim, Collin,Porta-Pardo, Eduard,Sengupta, Sohini,Bertrand, Denis,Weerasinghe, Amila,Colaprico, Antonio,Wendl, Michael C.,Kim, Jaegil,Reardon, Brendan,Kwok-Shing Ng, Patrick,Jeon Elsevier 2018 Cell Vol.174 No.4