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Effect of different annealing environments on the solar cell performance of CdSe pebbles
Pawar, S.A.,Patil, D.S.,Suryawanshi, M.P.,Ghorpade, U.V.,Lokhande, A.C.,Park, J.Y.,Chalapathy, R.B.V.,Shin, J.C.,Patil, P.S.,Kim, J.H. Elsevier Science 2016 Acta materialia Vol.108 No.-
<P>Cadmium selenide pebbles have been synthesized by a simple and cost-effective chemical bath deposition method. In order to study the effect of different annealing environments, the CdSe thin films were annealed in air, nitrogen, argon and in a vacuum at 300 degrees C for 1 h. The optical, structural, compositional, and morphological properties of the films were then analyzed using UV-vis spectrophotometry, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. XRD patterns revealed the formation of amorphous CdSe thin films. Annealing entails a change in crystal structure, from amorphous to hexagonal. The chemical composition and valence states of the constituent elements were analyzed by XPS. FESEM images showed the formation of CdSe pebbles in all the samples with voids between the pebbles, but the samples annealed in a vacuum had fewer voids than did other samples. Under AM 1.5G illumination, the photoanodes had an improved power conversion efficiency of 1.44% using an aqueous polysulfide electrolyte with a short-circuit photocurrent density of 11.3 mA cm(-2) when CdSe pebbles were annealed in a vacuum. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Bhat, T. S.,Vanalakar, S. A.,Devan, R. S.,Mali, S. S.,Pawar, S. A.,Ma, Y. R.,Hong, C. K.,Kim, J. H.,Patil, P. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of materials science Materials in electron Vol.27 No.5
<P>Thin films of Lead Selenide (PbSe) having compact nanoarchitectures were synthesized by a facile and cost-efficient successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The structural, morphological, optical and compositional properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectrophotometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. Moreover, the effect of SILAR cycles on the morphology of PbSe thin films was investigated. XRD patterns revealed the formation of crystalline PbSe with the cubic crystal structure. FESEM images show shape evolution from nanoparticulate to merged pyramidal-like structure with variation in size from similar to 200 to 430 nm. The optical direct band gap energy of PbSe were varies from 1.32 to 1.20 eV with the increase in deposition cycles. The HRTEM and SAED results show the crystalline nature of the sample which is in good agreement with the XRD. The electrical characterizations were performed in order to obtain the ohmic behavior in the metal-semiconductor interface. The deposited thin films show a good ohmic behavior.</P>
Investigations on silver/polyaniline electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors
Patil, Dipali S.,Shaikh, J. S.,Pawar, S. A.,Devan, R. S.,Ma, Y. R.,Moholkar, A. V.,Kim, J. H.,Kalubarme, R. S.,Park, C. J.,Patil, P. S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.14 No.34
<P>Polyaniline (PANI) and silver doped polyaniline (Ag/PANI) thin films were deposited on stainless steel substrates by a dip coating technique. To study the effect of doping concentration of Ag on the specific capacitance of PANI the concentration of Ag was varied from 0.3 to 1.2 weight percent. Fourier transform-infrared and Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy, and energy dispersion X-ray techniques were used for the phase identification and determination of the doping content in the PANI films, respectively. The surface morphology of the films was examined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, which revealed a nanofiber like structure for PANI and nanofibers with bright spots of Ag particles for the Ag/PANI films. There was decrease in the room temperature electrical resistivity of the Ag/PANI films of the order of 10<SUP>2</SUP> with increasing Ag concentration. The supercapacitive behavior of the electrodes was tested in a three electrode system using 1.0 M H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> electrolyte. The specific capacitance increased from 285 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> (for PANI) to 512 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> for Ag/PANI at 0.9 weight percent doping of Ag, owing to the synergic effect of PANI and silver nanoparticles. This work demonstrates a simple strategy of improving the specific capacitance of polymer electrodes and may also be easily adopted for other dopants.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The presence of Ag nanoparticles on PANI nanofibers provides a least resistance path to electron transportation. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp41757j'> </P>
Inamdar, A.I.,Jo, Y.,Kim, J.,Han, J.,Pawar, S.M.,Kalubarme, R.S.,Park, C.J.,Hong, J.P.,Park, Y.S.,Jung, W.,Kim, H.,Im, Hyunsik Elsevier 2015 ENERGY Vol.83 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>MnO<SUB>2+δ</SUB> (Manganese oxide) nanoflakes were synthesized for use as electrode material in electrochemical supercapacitors. The nanoflakes were produced via RF-magnetron sputtering with various excess oxygen contents (δ), and the electrochemical supercapacitive properties of the MnO<SUB>2+δ</SUB> nanoflakes were investigated as a function of δ with the use of a Na<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> electrolyte. The excess oxygen (δ) induces the MnO<SUB>2+δ</SUB> nanoflakes to form a thin open structure, and μ-Raman measurements revealed that the MnO<SUB>2+δ</SUB> nanoflakes formed a birnessite phase with a layered structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to obtain quantitative information on both the oxidation state and the chemical composition of the nanoflake electrodes. The crystallinity of the nanoflakes improved when the oxygen partial pressure increased during sputtering. At an optimal δ ∼ 0.6, the electrochemical stability and the capacity retention significantly improved, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that easy access of Na<SUP>+</SUP> ions into the nanoflakes at an optimal δ value resulted in a low diffusion resistance, playing a key role in determining the improvement in the supercapacitor characteristics.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MnO<SUB>2+δ</SUB> nanoflakes are grown using RF-magnetron sputtering. </LI> <LI> Excess oxygen (δ) endorses the formation of a porous and open structure. </LI> <LI> At δ ∼ 0.6, the stability and capacity retention are significantly improved. </LI> <LI> Low diffusion resistance plays a key role in determining supercapacitor characteristics. </LI> </UL> </P>
Abhijit Y. Pawar,Alexander P. Hughes,Andrew A. Sama,Federico P. Girardi,Darren R. Lebl,Frank P. Cammisa 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.5
Study Design: Level 4 retrospective review. Purpose: To compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes between posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) with posterior segmental spinal instrumentation (SSI) for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Overview of Literature: Both PLIF and LLIF have been performed for degenerative spondylolisthesis with good results, but no study has directly compared these two techniques so far. Methods: The electronic medical and radiographic records of 78 matched patients were analyzed. In one group, 39 patients underwent PLIF with SSI at 41 levels (L3–4/L4–5), while in the other group, 39 patients underwent the LLIF procedure at 48 levels (L3–4/ L4–5). Radiological outcomes such as restoration of disc height and neuroforaminal height, segmental lumbar lordosis, total lumbar lordosis, incidence of endplate fracture, and subsidence were measured. Perioperative parameters were also recorded in each group. Clinical outcome in both groups was assessed by the short form-12, Oswestry disability index and visual analogue scale scores. The average follow-up period was 16.1 months in the LLIF group and 21 months in the PLIF group. Results: The restoration of disc height, foraminal height, and segmental lumbar lordosis was significantly better in the LLIF group (p <0.001). The duration of the operation was similar in both groups, but the average blood loss was significantly lower in the LLIF group (p <0.001). However, clinical outcome scores were similar in both groups. Conclusions: Safe, effective interbody fusion can be achieved at multiple levels with neuromonitoring by the lateral approach. LLIF is a viable treatment option in patients with new onset symptoms due to degenerative spondylolisthesis who have had previous lumbar spine surgery, and it results in improved sagittal alignment and indirect foraminal decompression.
Pawar, S.A.,Patil, D.S.,Patil, S.K.,Awale, D.V.,Devan, R.S.,Ma, Y.R.,Kolekar, S.S.,Kim, J.H.,Patil, P.S. Pergamon Press 2014 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.148 No.-
A thiocyanate functionalized ionic liquid based electrolyte is developed for the application in CdSe thin film solar cell. An aqueous solvent consisting of polysulfide and thiocyanate functionalized IL has been found as the optimum solvent for preparing the liquid electrolytes. This solvent ratio appears to give higher cell efficiency compared to pure aqueous polysulfide electrolyte. Polysulfide and thiocyanate functionalized IL give rise to a good redox couple in the electrolyte for photoelectrochemical performance. The CdSe photoanode used for solar cell study has been synthesized by a simple and cost-effective one-step, one-pot chemical bath deposition method onto the F: SnO<SUB>2</SUB> substrates. The as-deposited films were annealed at temperatures 100, 200, 300 and 400<SUP>o</SUP>C, respectively for 1h in ambient air. The maximum current density of 3.55mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> for the sample annealed at 300<SUP>o</SUP>C is observed in the polysulfide electrolyte with the power conversion efficiency 0.76%. Addition of thiocyanate functionalized IL in polysulfide produced the highest current density of 4.93mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> with the two fold increase in the power conversion efficiency up to 1.32%.
Shinde, K.P.,Pawar, R.C.,Sinha, B.B.,Kim, H.S.,Oh, S.S.,Chung, K.C. Ceramurgica ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.40 No.10
Ni doped ZnO nanopowders have been synthesized by the co-precipitation route followed by planetary ball milling. The synthesized powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), UV-vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrophotometry and Quantum Design PPMS for structural, morphological, microstructural, optical and magnetic properties measurements. All the samples show wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure. The optical absorption spectra show a shift in the position of band edge towards lower energy. The estimated band gap is found to decrease with higher nickel doping. The room temperature PL measurements illustrate UV emission centered at 390nm (3.17eV), which is ascribed to the near-band-edge (NBE) emissions of ZnO and broad green emission around 540nm. Room temperature ferromagnetism in the Ni doped ZnO nanopowders has been confirmed by magnetic property measurements.