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A direct XFEM formulation for modeling of cohesive crack growth in concrete
P. N. Poulsen,L. O. Nielsen,J. L. Asferg 한국계산역학회 2007 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.4 No.2
Applying a direct formulation for the enrichment of the displacement field an extended finite element (XFEM) scheme for modeling of cohesive crack growth is developed. Only elements cut by the crack is enriched and the scheme fits within the framework of standard FEM code. The scheme is implemented for the 3-node constant strain triangle (CST) and the 6-node linear strain triangle (LST). Modeling of standard concrete test cases such as fracture in the notched three point beam bending test (TPBT) and in the four point shear beam test (FPSB) illustrates the performance. The XFEM results show good agreement with results obtained by applying standard interface elements in FEM and with experimental results. In conjunction with criteria for crack growth local versus nonlocal computation of the crack growth direction is discussed.
The Impact of Opioid Treatment on Regional Gastrointestinal Transit
( Jakob L Poulsen ),( Matias Nilsson ),( Christina Brock ),( Thomas H Sandberg ),( Klaus Krogh ),( Asbjørn M Drewes ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.2
Background/Aims To employ an experimental model of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction in healthy human volunteers, and evaluate the impact of opioid treatment compared to placebo on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and motility assessed by questionnaires and regional GI transit times using the 3-dimensional (3D)-Transit system. Methods Twenty-five healthy males were randomly assigned to oxycodone or placebo for 5 days in a double blind, crossover design. Adverse GI effects were measured with the bowel function index, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, patient assessment of constipation symptom questionnaire, and Bristol stool form scale. Regional GI transit times were determined using the 3D-Transit system, and segmental transit times in the colon were determined using a custom Matlab® graphical user interface. Results GI symptom scores increased significantly across all applied GI questionnaires during opioid treatment. Oxycodone increased median total GI transit time from 22.2 to 43.9 hours (P < 0.001), segmental transit times in the cecum and ascending colon from 5.7 to 9.9 hours (P = 0.012), rectosigmoid colon transit from 2.7 to 9.0 hours (P = 0.044), and colorectal transit time from 18.6 to 38.6 hours (P = 0.001). No associations between questionnaire scores and segmental transit times were detected. Conclusions Self-assessed GI adverse effects and increased GI transit times in different segments were induced during oxycodone treatment. This detailed information about segmental changes in motility has great potential for future interventional head-to-head trials of different laxative regimes for prevention and treatment of constipation. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016;22:282-291)
( Jakob L Poulsen ),( Esben B Mark ),( Christina Brock ),( Jens B Frøkjær ),( Klaus Krogh ),( Asbjørn M Drewes ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.1
Background/Aims Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) side effect to opioid treatment. Opioid receptor antagonists against OIC have been introduced, but their efficacy has not been directly compared to conventional laxatives. Our aim was to compare symptoms and objective parameters of gut function in an experimental model of OIC during treatment with the opioid antagonist naloxone and oxycodone in prolonged-release (PR) formulation versus oxycodone plus macrogol 3350. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, crossover trial 20 healthy men received a 5-day treatment of combined PR oxycodone/naloxone or PR oxycodone plus macrogol 3350. Regional GI transit times and segmental colorectal transit were assessed with the Motilis 3D-Transit electromagnetic capsule system. Colorectal volumes were determined by MRI. OIC symptoms were assessed with validated questionnaires, along with stool frequency and consistency. Results Total colorectal volume did not change after 5 days’ treatment with PR oxycodone/naloxone (941 vs 1036 mL; P = 0.091), but increased significantly after PR oxycodone plus macrogol treatment (912 vs 1123 mL; P < 0.001). Neither regional GI transit times nor segmental colorectal transit differed between the treatments (all P > 0.05). The Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptom Questionnaire abdominal symptoms score was lower during PR oxycodone/naloxone compared to PR oxycodone plus macrogol (0.2 vs 3.2; P = 0.002). Stool frequency was lower during PR oxycodone/naloxone compared to PR oxycodone plus macrogol (4.2 vs 5.4; P = 0.035). Conclusions PR oxycodone plus macrogol increases colorectal volume, but does not improve GI transit compared to PR oxycodone/naloxone. However, PR oxycodone/naloxone results in a lower abdominal symptom burden, despite higher stool frequency during macrogol treatment. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:119-127)
Renal Potassium Excretion Visualized on 82Rubidium PET/CT
Mads Ryø Jochumsen,Lars Poulsen Tolbod,Michael Borre,Jørgen Frøkiær,Kirsten Bouchelouche,Jens Sörensen 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.2
The positron emission tomography (PET) flow tracer 82Rubidium is a known potassium analogue. During our studies of tumor blood flow in prostate cancer, we found that approximately 10% of the patients had high urinary 82Rubidium activity. In roughly half of these patients, the increased renal rubidium/potassium excretion was either causing hypokalemia or explained by Thiazide treatment. In the other half, there was no obvious explanation or clinical consequence of the renal rubidium/potassium excretion. This is the first time enhanced renal potassium excretion is visualized on 82Rubidium PET/CT.
Cho, S. K.,Ryu, M. Y.,Poulsen, C.,Kim, J. H.,Oh, T. R.,Choi, S. W.,Kim, M.,Yang, J. Y.,Boo, K. H.,Geshi, N. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2017 FEBS letters Vol.591 No.10
<P>A highly coordinated complex known as the microprocessor precisely processes primary transcripts of MIRNA genes into mature miRNAs. In plants, the microprocessor minimally consists of three components: Dicer-like protein 1 (DCL1), HYPONASTIC LEAF 1 (HYL1), and SERRATE (SE). To precisely modulate miRNA maturation, the microprocessor cooperates with at least 12 proteins in plants. In addition, we here show the involvement of a novel gene, HYL1-interacting GIY-YIG-like endonuclease (HIGLE). The encoded protein has a GIY-YIG domain that is generally found within a class of homing endonucleases. HIGLE directly interacts with the microprocessor components HYL1 and SE. Unlike the functions of other GIY-YIG endonucleases, the catalytic core of HIGLE has both DNase and RNase activities that sufficiently processes miRNA precursors into short fragments in vitro.</P>
( Rasmus Juul ),( Jesper Fabrin ),( Klaus Poulsen ),( Henrik Morville Schroder ) 대한슬관절학회 2016 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.28 No.3
Purpose: To report our experience with two-stage revision using a new femoral component (NFC) spacer (Depuy Synthes) as an articulating spacer. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 22 two-stage revisions that were performed using an NFC spacer in 22 patients suspected of having an infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from December 2010 to March 2013. The result was considered successful when eradication of infection was achieved using only one NFC spacer. Results: The average time from primary TKA to the first stage procedure was 29.1 months and the average time from the first stage procedure until the final second stage procedure was 12.7 weeks. The average range of motion increased from 82o preoperatively to 104o postoperatively. The American Knee Society Knee score increased from 29.3 points to 66 points. The Function score increased from 29.5 points to 64 points. Four cases were reinfected after two-stage revision. The mean follow-up was 37.6 months. Conclusions: The new articulating spacer showed promising short-term results both with regard to eradication of infection and functional improvement.
Post-Translational Regulation of miRNA Pathway Components, AGO1 and HYL1, in Plants
조석근,양성욱,유문영,Pratik Shah,Christian Peter Poulsen 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.8
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are essential to increase the functional diversity of the prote-ome. By adding chemical groups to proteins, or degrad-ing entire proteins by phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, neddylation, acetylation, lipidation, and proteolysis, the complexity of the proteome increases, and this then influences most biological processes. Although small RNAs are crucial regulatory elements for gene expression in most eukaryotes, PTMs of small RNA microprocessor and RNA silencing components have not been extensively investigated in plants. To date, several studies have shown that the proteolytic regulation of AGOs is important for host-pathogen interactions. DRB4 is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and the degradation of HYL1 is modulated by a de-etiolation repressor, COP1, and an unknown cytoplasmic protease. Here, we discuss current findings on the PTMs of microprocessor and RNA silencing components in plants.