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Pandit, Sagar Subhash,Nair, Aneeshkumar,Naik, Dhiraj Dilip Institute of Forest Science 2008 Journal of Forest Science Vol.24 No.2
Twenty-eight of 44 Indian Ceropegia species are endemic and their survival is threatened. As a step towards conservation, we implied in vitro methods for the sustainable propagule production in C. hirsuta, C. lawii, C. maccannii, C. oculata and C. sahyadrica. Effects of explant, growth regulators, sucrose and photoperiod were studied. High frequency microtuber production was achieved with the seedling-apical buds, grown on MS medium containing 4-6 mg $1^{-1}$ BAP, 3-8% (w/v) sucrose, under continuous illumination. Each microtuber, when subcultured proliferated to form a cluster of secondary microtubers. Every primary and secondary microtuber bore at least one shoot-bud and a root primordium. Each tuber (formed with any of the significantly effective treatments) weighed more than 500 mg, enough to plant directly in non-sterilized soils. Microtubers could be produced and proliferated round the year. Proliferation could be solely attributed to in vitro procedures as these plants bear solitary tubers in vivo. Microtubers could be sprouted in vitro to prepare ready to pot plantlets. As, this novel method succeeded for all five species, though they belong to different eco-physiological backgrounds, we recommend its implementation in the conservation programs for a broader range of Ceropegia species, supported by other integrated strategies.
System reliability estimation in multicomponent exponential stress-strength models
Pandit, Parameshwar V.,Kantu, Kala J. The Korean Reliability Society 2013 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.14 No.2
A stress-strength model is formulated for a multi-component system consisting of k identical components. The k components of the system with random strengths ($X_1$, $X_2$, ${\ldots}$, $X_k$) are subjected to one of the r random stresses ($X_{k+1}$, $X_{k+2}$, ${\ldots}$, $X_{k+r}$). The estimation of system reliability based on maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and Bayes estimators in k component system are obtained when the system is either parallel or series with the assumption that strengths and stresses follow exponential distribution. A simulation study is conducted to compare MLE and Bayes estimator through the mean squared errors of the estimators.
Efficient Synthesis of β-Acetamido Ketones by Silver(I) Triflate-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions
Pandit, Rameshwar Prasad,Lee, Yong Rok Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.11
An efficient one-pot synthesis of ${\beta}$-acetamido ketones was accomplished by AgOTf-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of substituted acetophenones with aromatic aldehydes and acid chloride in acetonitrile in high yields. The methods offer several significant advantages of easy handling, mild reaction conditions, and use of effective and non-toxic catalyst.
Pandit, Bhishma,Cho, Jaehee Elsevier 2018 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.660 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report on the characteristics of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/GaN Schottky diodes in which the reduction process is performed at various temperatures. The Schottky barrier height of the rGO/GaN Schottky diode peaks at 1.07 eV with the reduction temperature of 650 °C, caused by changes in the O-containing functional groups and surface Fermi-level pinning during thermal reduction. The interdigitated rGO/GaN metal–semiconductor–metal photodiode using GO reduced at 650 °C exhibits a responsivity of 0.128 A/W under 365-nm illumination, with a sharp cutoff near the GaN energy bandgap.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Visible-blind metal-semiconductor-metal photodiode with rGO/GaN Schottky contacts </LI> <LI> A change of the Schottky barrier height of rGO/GaN contacts with temperatures </LI> <LI> Observation of a sharp cutoff wavelength near the bandgap of GaN </LI> </UL> </P>
Pandit, Sudip,Jo, Ji Yoon,Lee, Sang Ung,Lee, Young Jae,Lee, So Yeong,Ryu, Pan Dong,Lee, Jung Un,Kim, Hyun-Woo,Jeon, Byeong Hwa,Park, Jin Bong American Physiological Society 2015 Journal of neurophysiology Vol.114 No.2
<P>γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) generates persistent tonic inhibitory currents (<I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB>) and conventional inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) via activation of GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptors (GABA<SUB>A</SUB>Rs). We investigated the pathophysiological significance of astroglial GABA uptake in the regulation of <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> in the PVN neurons projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (PVN-RVLM). The <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> of PVN-RVLM neurons were significantly reduced in heart failure (HF) compared with sham-operated (SHAM) rats. Reduced <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> sensitivity to THIP argued for the decreased function of GABA<SUB>A</SUB>R δ subunits in HF, whereas similar <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> sensitivity to benzodiazepines argued against the difference of γ<SUB>2</SUB> subunit-containing GABA<SUB>A</SUB>Rs in SHAM and HF rats. HF <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> attenuation was reversed by a nonselective GABA transporter (GAT) blocker (nipecotic acid, NPA) and a GAT-3 selective blocker, but not by a GAT-1 blocker, suggesting that astroglial GABA clearance increased in HF. Similar and minimal <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> responses to bestrophin-1 blockade in SHAM and HF neurons further argued against a role for astroglial GABA release in HF <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> attenuation. Finally, the NPA-induced inhibition of spontaneous firing was greater in HF than in SHAM PVN-RVLM neurons, whereas diazepam induced less inhibition of spontaneous firing in HF than in SHAM neurons. Overall, our results showed that combined with reduced GABA<SUB>A</SUB>Rs function, the enhanced astroglial GABA uptake-induced attenuation of <I>I</I><SUB>tonic</SUB> in HF PVN-RVLM neurons explains the deficit in tonic GABAergic inhibition and increased sympathetic outflow from the PVN during heart failure.</P>
Pandit, Sudip,Lee, Gyu Seung,Park, Jin Bong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.6
The sustained tonic currents ($I_{tonic}$) generated by ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid A receptors ($GABA_{A}Rs$) are implicated in diverse age-dependent brain functions. While various mechanisms regulating $I_{tonic}$ in the hippocampus are known, their combined role in $I_{tonic}$ regulation is not well understood in different age groups. In this study, we demonstrated that a developmental increase in GABA transporter (GAT) expression, combined with gradual decrease in $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit, resulted in various $I_{tonic}$ in the dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGCs) of preadolescent rats. Both GAT-1 and GAT-3 expression gradually increased at infantile ($P_{6-8}$ and $P_{13-15}$) and juvenile ($P_{20-22}$ and $P_{27-29}$) stages, with stabilization observed thereafter in adolescents ($P_{34-36}$) and young adults ($P_{41-43}$). $I_{tonic}$ facilitation of a selective GAT-1 blocker (NO-711) was significantly less at $P_{6-8}$ than after $P_{13-15}$. The facilitation of $I_{tonic}$ by SNAP-5114, a GAT-3 inhibitor, was negligible in the absence of exogenous GABA at all tested ages. In contrast, $I_{tonic}$ in the presence of a nonselective GAT blocker (nipecotic acid, NPA) gradually decreased with age during the preadolescent period, which was mimicked by $I_{tonic}$ changes in the presence of exogenous GABA. $I_{tonic}$ sensitivity to L-655,708, a $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit inverse agonist, gradually decreased during the preadolescent period in the presence of NPA or exogenous GABA. Finally, Western blot analysis showed that the expression of the $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit in the dentate gyrus gradually decreased with age. Collectively, our results suggested that the $I_{tonic}$ regulation of altered GATs is under the final tune of $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit activation in DGGCs at different ages.
Pandit, Rameshwar Prasad,Lee, Yong Rok The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.12 No.25
<P>Sequential Wolff rearrangement of α-diazo-β-ketoesters followed by trapping of the ketene intermediates with enol ethers generated a variety of γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters. This method involves a novel thermal cascade reaction and allows the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters with <I>trans</I>-stereochemistry under catalyst-free conditions. The synthesized compounds were further transformed into novel 3,5-diketoesters, which were used for the synthesis of naturally occurring 2-pyrone and 1-naphthoic acid ester.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Novel and efficient synthesis of diverse γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters was accomplished by thermal cascade reactions of diazodicarbonyl compounds with enol ethers and the synthesized compounds were further transformed into the corresponding 3,5-diketoesters. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ob00664j'> </P>
Pandit, Santosh,Jung, Ji-Eun,Choi, Hyeon-Mi,Jeon, Jae-Gyu HARWOOD ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS 2018 BIOFOULING -CHUR- Vol.34 No.1
<P>The present study investigated the effect of periodic 1-min fluoride treatments on Streptococcus mutans biofilms and then determined the relationship between anti-biofilm activity, treatment frequency, and fluoride concentration using a linear-fitting procedure. S. mutans biofilms were periodically treated (1-min/treatment) with fluoride during biofilm formation and analyzed using microbiological methods, confocal microscopy, and real-time PCR. The results indicated that reductions in the dry weight and acidogenicity of biofilms due to periodic fluoride treatment occurred in a concentration dependent manner. The reduction in dry weight without affecting bacterial cell viability was observed mainly due to the inhibitory effect of fluoride on gtfB and gtfC gene expression, which suppresses EPS production and avoids reduction of the pH below the critical point on the tooth surface. This study suggests that brief periodic exposure to appropriate fluoride concentrations through mouthwashes and toothpastes may affect the virulence and composition of cariogenic biofilms and subsequently prevent dental caries.</P>