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MIRACLES OF THE DAY BEFORE? : THE GREAT ASIAN MELTDOWN AND THE CHANGING WORLD-ECONOMY
PALAT, RAVI ARVIND Institute for Social Development and Policy Resear 1999 Development and Society Vol.28 No.1
Rather than viewing the spectacular collapse of stock and currency makets in East and Southeast Asia as a financial crisis caused by imprudent banking practices and 'crony capitalism,' this article argues that the meltdown was caused by overproduction. The first section demonstrates that high levels of corporate debt was necessary for regional firms to become competitive in the most exacting markets. Till the early 1980s, the coordination of investment strategies by elite economic bureaucracies under the aegis of Japanese capital ensured the creation of a regional division of labor. The very success of these strategies, however, rendered the regulatory frameworks progressively anachronistic. In a deregulated environment, the continued pursuit of capturing market shares through debt-led industrialization strategies led to chronic overproduction on a world scale and the crisis manifested itself along Asia's Pacific Rim only because it was most rampant there.
Power Pursuits: Interstate Systems in Asia
Palat, Ravi Arvind The Asian Association of World Historians 2013 The Asian review of world histories Vol.1 No.2
Examining the patterns of evolution of interstate systems in Asia, this article argues that the relationship of state-builders to nomads stood in much of continental Asia stood in sharp contrast to the relationships between rulers and mercantile-financial elites in Europe. Due to the productivity of wet-rice economies, continental Asian rulers were not dependent on merchants and bankers to raise armies to wage war or suppress rebellions unlike their European counterparts. Hence they had no need to grant bankers and merchants concessions, especially monopolies which is how large volumes of capital are accumulated. Geographic conditions however meant that while the lack of internal frontiers meant that large continental-sized states could be created in China, this was not possible in the Indian subcontinent where a more chequered equilibrium where nomads enjoyed a military advantage in arid and semi-arid tracts meant that trans-subcontinental polities enjoyed only a fleeting existence. In mainland southeast Asia, where dense forests and a difficult terrain insulated the region from nomadic conquests, a third variant of interstate relations emerged.
Reen, Jagish Kour,Kerekoppa, Ramesha,Deginal, Revanasiddu,Ahirwar, Maneesh Kumar,Kannegundla, Uday,Chandra, Satish,Palat, Divya,Das, Dayal Nitai,Kataktalware, Mukund Amritrao,Jeyakumar, Sakthivel,Islo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.8
Objective: Present investigation was aimed to study the Single Nucleotide Variants of the luteinizing hormone beta ($LH{\beta}$) gene and to analyze their association with the semen quality (fresh and post-thawed frozen semen) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations in Murrah buffalo bulls. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and Sanger sequencing method is used to study genetic variability in $LH{\beta}$ gene. LH assay was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. A fixed general linear model was used to analyze association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of $LH{\beta}$ gene with semen quality in 109 and LH concentrations in 80 Murrah bulls. Results: $LH{\beta}$ gene was found to be polymorphic. Total six SNPs were identified in $LH{\beta}$ gene g C356090A, g C356113T, g A356701G, g G355869A, g G356330C, and g G356606T. Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism variants of pattern 2 of exon 1+pattern 2 of exon 2+pattern 1 of exon 3 had highly significant (p<0.01) effect on sperm concentration (million/mL), percent mass motility, acrosome integrity and membrane integrity in fresh and frozen semen whereas significant (p<0.05) effect was observed on percent live spermatozoa. SSCP variants of pattern 2 of exon 1+pattern 2 of exon 2+pattern 1 of exon 3 had highly significant (p<0.01) effect on luteinizing hormone concentrations too. Conclusion: The observed association between SSCP variants of $LH{\beta}$ gene with semen quality parameters and LH concentrations indicated the possibilities of using $LH{\beta}$ as a candidate gene for identification of markers for semen quality traits and LH concentrations in Murrah buffaloes.