Immune Response and Plasma Alpha Tocopherol and Selenium Status of Male Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Calves Supplemented with Vitamin E and Selenium

Shinde, P.L.,Dass, R.S.,Garg, A.K.,Chaturvedi, V.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10

An experiment was conducted using 20 male buffalo calves to study the effect of vitamin E and selenium supplementation on their immune response and plasma ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and selenium status. These buffalo calves (10-12 months old, average body weight $75.30{\pm}2.20 $ kg) were randomly allotted to four treatments on the basis of their body weights and were fed on wheat straw and concentrate mixture to meet their nutrient requirements of 500 g/d body weight gain. The buffalo calves were fed either a control diet (neither supplemented with Se nor VE) or diets supplemented with Se at 0.3 ppm (+Se), DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate at 300 IU (+VE), and both DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate at 300 IU and Se at 0.3 ppm (+Se+VE). These experimental diets were fed for 180 days. Blood samples were collected at day 0 and subsequently at 45 day intervals up to 180 days of experimental feeding to monitor plasma ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and Se concentrations. To assess humoral immune response, all calves were sensitized with formalin inactivated Pasteurella multocida antigen at 135 days of experimental feeding and blood was collected on 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post vaccination (DPV) to measure antibody production using indirect ELISA. Cell mediated immune response of calves was assessed after 180 days of experimental feeding by in vivo delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction using phytohaemaglutinin-P (PHA-P) as a mitogen. Results revealed that feeding of VE and Se improved the plasma levels of these nutrients. Plasma levels of Se were affected by supplementation of both VE (p<0.001) and Se (p<0.001); however, no interaction ($Se{\times}VE$) was observed. Supplementation of Se improved the humoral immune response (p<0.008), whereas, VE showed a tendency towards improvement in cell mediated immune response (p<0.064). It was concluded that vitamin E and Se supplementation improved the status of these micronutrients and humoral immune response in buffalo calves.

Solution-combustion synthesis of La_0.65r_0.35nO₃and the magnetocaloric properties

Shinde, K.P.,Deshpande, N.G.,Eom, T.,Lee, Y.P.,Pawar, S.H. Elsevier 2010 Materials science and engineering B. Advanced Func Vol.167 No.3

<P>The polycrystalline sample of strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSMO) has been synthesized by the solution-combustion method using polyvinyl alcohol as a fuel and magnetocalorific effect in this material is explored. The freshly prepared solution of lanthanum nitrate, strontium nitrate and manganese nitrate was mixed thoroughly and an appropriate amount of fuel was added into the mixture. Thermogravimetric analysis on the as-prepared powder shows phase formation starts at 575 degrees C. From the X-ray diffraction study it is revealed that the crystal structure of LSMO is monoclinic without any other impurity phases. The microstructural investigation presents the growth of material with a grain size in nanometer range. The magnetization as a function of temperature and field for the sample was measured. The change in entropy Delta S-M is found to be 0.425 J/kg K near the Curie temperature of 295 K at 1.5 T. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Reproductive Performance, Milk Composition, Blood Metabolites and Hormone Profiles of Lactating Sows Fed Diets with Different Cereal and Fat Sources

Park, M.S.,Shinde, P.L.,Yang, Y.X.,Kim, J.S.,Choi, J.Y.,Yun, K.,Kim, Y.W.,Lohakare, J.D.,Yang, B.K.,Lee, J.K.,Chae, Byung-Jo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

Different dietary cereal sources and fat types in the lactation diet were evaluated to investigate their effects on reproductive performance, milk composition, blood metabolites and hormones in multiparous sows. Twenty-four sows were randomly assigned to one of four treatments according to a 2${\times}$2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Each treatment had 6 replicates comprising 1 sow. Two cereal (corn or wheat) and two fat (tallow or soybean oil) sources were used to prepare iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets. Sows fed corn-based diets lost less body weight (p = 0.003) and backfat thickness (p = 0.034), consumed more feed (p = 0.032) and had shorter wean-to-estrus interval (p = 0.016) than sows fed wheat-based diets. Fewer piglets and lower body weight of piglets (p<0.05) at weaning were noted in sows fed wheat-based diets than in sows fed corn-based diets. However, no significant effects (p>0.05) of dietary fat source and its interaction with dietary cereal source on sow body condition and reproductive performance were observed during lactation. Feeding of a corn-based diet improved (p<0.05) sow milk total solid, protein and fat, increased blood urea nitrogen (p = 0.032) and triglyceride (p = 0.018), and decreased blood creatinine (p = 0.011) concentration at weaning when compared with sows fed wheatbased diets. Sows fed corn-based diets had higher concentration of insulin (p = 0.048) and LH (p<0.05) at weaning than sows fed wheatbased diets. The results indicate that feeding corn-based diets to lactating sows improved sow body condition and reproductive performance compared with wheat-based diets regardless of fat sources.

Evaluation of Multi-microbial Probiotics Produced by Submerged Liquid and Solid Substrate Fermentation Methods in Broilers

Shim, Y.H.,Shinde, P.L.,Choi, J.Y.,Kim, J.S.,Seo, D.K.,Pak, J.I.,Chae, B.J.,Kwon, I.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.4

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate multi-microbe submerged liquid (SLF) and solid substrate (SSF) fermented probiotic products in broilers. The SLF and SSF probiotics were comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus ($1.1{\times}10^9$ and $4{\times}10^8$ cfu/g), Bacillus subtilis ($1.1{\times}10^9$ and $4{\times}10^9$ cfu/g), Saccharomyces cerevisiae ($1.5{\times}10^7$ and $1.0{\times}10^4$ cfu/g) and Aspergillus oryzae ($2.6{\times}10^7$ and $4.3{\times}10^7$ cfu/g), respectively. In Exp. 1, 640 day-old Ross chicks were allotted to 4 treatments, each comprising 4 replicates (40 chicks/replicate). The basal diet was prepared without any antimicrobials (negative control, NC), and 20 mg/kg avilamycin (positive control, PC), 0.3% SLF and 0.3% SSF probiotics were added to the basal diets as treatments. Birds fed PC and SSF diets showed improved (p<0.001) overall weight gain and F/G than birds fed NC and SLF diets; whereas, birds fed SLF diet had better weight gain and F/G than birds fed NC diet. Retention of CP was higher (p<0.05) in birds fed the SSF diet than birds fed PC, SLF and NC diets. Birds fed the SLF diet tended to have higher (p<0.10) cecal total anaerobic bacteria than birds fed PC and NC diets; whereas, lesser cecal coliforms were noticed in birds fed PC, SLF and SSF diets than birds fed the NC diet. In Exp. 2, 640 day-old Ross chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement. Each treatment had 4 replicates (40 chicks/replicate). Two different multi-microbe probiotic products (0.3% SLF or SSF) each with two different antibiotics (10 mg/kg colistin, or 20 mg/kg avilamycin) were used as dietary treatments. Birds fed the SSF diet had greater weight gain (p<0.001), better F/G (p<0.05), greater retention of energy (p<0.001) and protein (p<0.05), and lesser cecal Clostridium (d 35) than birds fed SLF diet. Birds fed the colistin-supplemented diet had less (p<0.01) cecal coliforms when compared with birds fed the avilamycin diet. Additionally, birds fed the avilamycin diet had greater energy retention (p<0.05) than birds fed the colistin diet. Thus, the results of this study suggest the multi-microbe probiotic product prepared by a solid substrate fermentation method to be superior to the probiotic product prepared by submerged liquid fermentation; moreover, feeding of probiotics with different antibiotics did not elicit any interaction effect between probiotic and antibiotic.

Effects of Lacquer (Rhus verniciflua) Meal on Carcass Traits, Fatty Acid Composition and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs

Song, C.H.,Choi, J.Y.,Yoon, S.Y.,Yang, Y.X.,Shinde, P.L.,Kwon, I.K.,Kang, S.M.,Lee, S.K.,Chae, B.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.8

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding different levels of lacquer (Rhus verniciflua Stokes) meal on the growth performance, carcass traits, fatty acid profile and meat quality of longissmuss dorsi (LD) muscle in finishing pigs. Pigs (n = 117; Landrace$\times$Yorkshire$\times$Duroc; initial body weight $80{\pm}0.4kg$) were allotted to three dietary treatments and fed lacquer at 0, 2 and 4% of the diet for five weeks. Inclusion of lacquer meal in the diets of pigs had no influence on their growth performance, carcass yield, loin eye area and fat free lean; however, pigs fed lacquer diets had lower backfat (linear, p = 0.006; quadratic, p = 0.004). Pigs fed increasing levels of lacquer meal had lower moisture (linear, p<0.001; quadratic, p = 0.008), crude fat (linear, p<0.001) and crude protein (linear, p<0.001; quadratic, p = 0.002) in LD muscle. The LD muscle of pigs fed lacquer meal had lower pH (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) at 6, 8 and 10 days, and linearly lower thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, p<0.01) at 8 and 10 days and water holding capacity (WHC, p<0.05) at 3, 6, 8 and 10 days. The fatty acid composition of LD muscle revealed linearly lower stearic (p = 0.034) and total saturated fatty acid (p = 0.049) with increasing dietary lacquer meal levels. In general, higher lightness, redness and yellowness values were observed in LD muscle of pigs fed 2% lacquer meal on day 0 and subsequently on 3, 6, 8 and 10 days of refrigerated storage. The results of the current study suggest that lacquer meal can be incorporated up to 4% in the diet of finishing pigs without any adverse effects on performance; moreover, improvements in the meat quality during refrigerated storage can be obtained by inclusion of lacquer meal in the diet of finishing pigs.

Development of open-set test in Marathi language for assessing speech identification performance of native children

S. B. Rathna Kumar,Udit Saxena,P. Phani Krishna,Abhijeet Ramesh Shinde,Ketaki Vinayak Borkar 한국언어재활사협회 2020 Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: Speech identification score (SIS) testing has been used in every phase of the audiological test battery. We developed an open-set test in Marathi for assessing the speech identification performance of native children. Methods: The development of the test took place in three phases which included the development of word lists, recording of word lists, and SIS testing. The developed test consisted of four word-lists with each list consisting of 15 monosyllabic words in CVC structure and 10 disyllabic words in CVCV structure. The recording was performed in a sound-treated room where ambient noise levels were maintained as per the permissible levels. SIS testing was performed on a total of 90 children with normal hearing who were equally divided into three groups. Groups I, II, and III consisted of children in the range between 6 and 6.11 years, 7 and 7.11 years, and 8 and 8.11 respectively. Results: The data were subjected to one-way ANOVA and the results revealed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in SIS between three groups for each word list and between four word-lists for each group. The overall groups’ mean SIS were 99.15%, 98.97%, 99.06%, and 99.02% for four word-lists respectively, and were falling within the normal range (90 to 100%). Conclusions: Findings of the present study are in line with the findings of research reports on other Indian languages. The four word-lists developed in the present study were found to be equally difficult, reliable, and valid test materials in Marathi for assessing native children.

The growth mechanism and supercapacitor study of anodically deposited amorphous ruthenium oxide filmss

V.D. Patake,S.M. Pawar,V.R. Shinde,T.P. Gujar,C.D. Lokhande 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.1

In the present study, ruthenium oxide (RuO2) thin films were deposited on the stainless steel (s.s.) substrates by anodic deposition. The nucleation and growth mechanism of electrodeposited RuO2 film has been studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). The deposited films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive analysis by X-rays (EDAX) for structural, morphological, and compositional studies. The electrochemical supercapacitor study of ruthenium oxide thin films have been carried out for different film thicknesses in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The highest specific capacitance was found to be 1190 F/g for 0.376 mg/㎠ film thickness.

Fabrication of efficient CdS nanoflowers-decorated TiO₂ nanotubes array heterojunction photoanode by a novel synthetic approach for solar hydrogen production

Shinde, P.S.,Park, J.W.,Mahadik, M.A.,Ryu, J.,Park, J.H.,Yi, Y.J.,Jang, J.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.41 No.46

<P>A nanocomposite heterojunction photoanode involving CdS nanoflowers (NFs) and one-dimensional TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays was reported. The self-assembled TiO2 NT arrays were fabricated by an anodization method and the surface of TiO2 NT arrays was decorated with CdS NFs by employing hydrothermal method for the first time. The CdS NF morphology was optimized by controlling the hydrothermal reaction time from 0 to 72 h. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) study of the CdS-NF/TiO2-NT photoanode revealed good coverage of hydrothermally grown CdS NFs on the surface of TiO2 NT arrays. The photoelectrochemical measurements were performed under 100 mW cm(-2) illumination using polysulfide electrolyte. A 5.5-fold photocurrent enhancement was observed for the CdS-NF/TiO2-NT array photoanode synthesized with a 48 h CdS hydro thermal reaction compared to a pristine TiO2 NT array film. Annealing of TiO2 NTs as well as CdS NFs led to further improvement in the photocurrent on account of greater crystallinity, significantly higher visible light photon absorption and improved interface properties between CdS and TiO2. These findings were supported by optical absorption, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Mott-Schottky analyses. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Metal oxide top layer as an interfacial promoter on a ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂ heterostructure photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

Mahadik, M.A.,Shinde, P.S.,Cho, M.,Jang, J.S. Elsevier 2016 Applied Catalysis B Vol.184 No.-

<P>We designed metal oxide coated ZnIn2S4/TiO2 (ZT) heterostructure photoanodes for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance via hydrothermal and dip-coating methods. The effects of thin metal oxide coating layers, such as TiO2, Al2O3, and SiO2, on the structural, morphological, optical, and photoelectrocatalytic activity of ZT photoanodes were investigated in detail. The metal oxide coating layers significantly enhanced the photoelectrochemical performance of ZT in the following order: SiO2/ZT>Al2O3/ZT>TiO2/ZT>ZT, all at pH 11.5 under simulated one sun illumination. A two-fold boost in the photocurrent density of ZT was recorded after a surface coating of a thin SiO2 layer among the studied metal oxide layers. The charge transfer resistance measured from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was less for the SiO2/ZT photoanode, indicating enhanced charge separation between the oxide surface layer and electrolyte. The enhanced photoelectrochemical performance due to the thin SiO2 coating was attributed to the improved interface properties that led to the effective charge transfer processes in the vicinity of the electrolyte. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Magnetocaloric properties of TbN, DyN and HoN nanopowders prepared by the plasma arc discharge method

Shinde, K. P.,Jang, S. H.,Kim, J. W.,Kim, D. S.,Ranot, M.,Chung, K. C. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Dalton transactions Vol.44 No.47

<P>We report for the first time the synthesis of nanopowders of TbN, DyN and HoN crystallized in a cubic structure by the plasma arc discharge (PAD) method and investigate their magnetocaloric properties for magnetic refrigeration applications. The nitridization of terbium, dysprosium and holmium was obtained using a mixture of nitrogen and argon gas inside a discharge chamber with 4 kPa pressure. The structural and microstructural properties of these rare earth nitrides were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The studied nitrides undergo a second-order ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition at Curie temperatures of 35.7, 19.9 and 14.2 K for TbN, DyN and HoN, respectively. The magnetocaloric effects were estimated by calculating the magnetic entropy changes from the magnetization data sets measured at the different applied magnetic fields and temperatures. The changes in entropy −Δ<I>S</I><SUB>M</SUB> were found to be 12.0, 13.6 and 24.5 J kg<SUP>−1</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP> at an applied magnetic field of 5 T.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We report for the first time the synthesis of nanopowders of TbN, DyN and HoN crystallized in a cubic structure by the plasma arc discharge (PAD) method and investigate their magnetocaloric properties for magnetic refrigeration applications. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5dt03528g'> </P>