Process Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Osmotic Dehydration of Yellow Cassava Using Response Surface Methodology

Ayobami Olayemi Oladejo 한국농업기계학회 2020 바이오시스템공학 Vol.45 No.3

Purpose The process parameters of ultrasound power output (20–100%), osmotic concentration using salt solution (10–30% w/v), and process time (10–30 min) were investigated and optimized for ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration of yellow cassava using response surface methodology. Methods The experiment was carried out with ultrasound generator at a fixed frequency of 20 kHz at a room temperature. Box Behnken design consisted of three factors at three levels each which made up to 17 experimental runs were used in the experiment. Two slices of yellow cassava were used per experimental run. Results The result showed that linear terms of power and concentration had significant effects on water loss, solid gain, and weight reduction. The optimized values that would give minimumsolid gain and maximumwater loss and weight reduction were time of 10 min, ultrasound power of 100%, and concentration of 20.24% w/v. This gave predicted values of 23.05, 0.58, and 22.90% for water loss, solid gain, and weight reduction, respectively. Conclusion The optimized values could be useful in the processing of yellow cassava in order to achieve increased shelf life.

Tetrapleura tetraptera curtails oxidative and proinflammatory biochemical events in lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus

Comfort O. Oladejo,Omowumi O. Ogundele,Abimbola R. Adeoti,Jesutola R. Atilola,M. Tolulope Olaleye,Afolabi C. Akinmoladun 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.4

Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub. (Fabaceae), commonly known as Aidan is ethnopharmacologically used for the management of health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, leprosy, epilepsy, and stroke in Nigeria. This study evaluated the anti-oxidoinflammatory properties of T. tetraptera methanol leaf extract (TTE) in lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in Wistar rats. The extract was phytochemically screened and HPLC fingerprinting was performed. Animals were intraperitoneally administered with 127 mg/kg lithium chloride followed by 25 mg/kg pilocarpine 20 h later to induce status epilepticus. The animals were post treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg TTE with 10 mg/kg valproic acid as the reference standard drug. Phytochemical screening of TTE confirmed the presence of tannins, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and steroids. Quantitative phytochemical and antioxidant analyses of the extract indicated significant in vitro antioxidant and radical scavenging activity. HPLC analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of aridanin and polyphenols. TTE ameliorated redox imbalance by increasing markers for oxidative stress such as ferric reducing antioxidant power, glutathione level, catalase, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase activities. Moreover, TTE ameliorated pro-inflammatory events by reducing the level of the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide, attenuating lipid peroxidation (which produces inflammatory lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes), and decreasing the activities of xanthine oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase in the brain. These results indicated that the leaf of Tetrapleura tetraptera has therapeutic potential against status epilepticus by reversing oxidoinflammatory events. Tetrapleura tetraptera leaf extracts could be used to produce novel plant-based pharmaceuticals for treating status epilepticus and associated disorders.

A new model for curbing filtrate loss in dynamic application of nano-treated aqueous mud systems

Okoro, Emmanuel E.,Oladejo, Bukola R.,Sanni, Samuel E.,Obomanu, Tamunotonjo,Ibe, Amarachukwu A.,Orodu, Oyinkepreye D.,Olawole, Olukunle C. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in nano research Vol.9 No.1

Filter cake formation during rotary drilling operation is an unavoidable scenario, hence there is need for constant improvement in the approaches used in monitoring the cake thickness growth in order to prevent drill-string sticking. This study proposes an improved model that predicts the growth of mud cake thickness overtime with the consideration of the addition of nanoparticles in the formulated drilling fluid system. Ferric oxide, titanium dioxide and copper oxide nanoparticles were used in varying amounts (2 g, 4 g and 6 g), and filtration data were obtained from the HPHT filtration test. The filter cakes formed were further analyzed with scanning electron microscope to obtain the morphological characteristics. The data obtained was used to validate the new filtrate loss model. This model specifically presents the concept of time variation in filter cake formation as against the previous works of constant and definite time. Regression coefficient which is a statistical measure was used to validate the new model and the predicted results were compared with the API model. The new model showed R² values of 99.9%, and the predictions from the proposed filtration model can be said to be more closely related to the experimental data than that predicted from the API model from the SSE and RMSE results.

Clinical experience in managing temporomandibular joint ankylosis : five-year appraisal in a Nigerian subpopulation

Ramat Braimah,Abdurrazaq Taiwo,Adebayo Ibikunle,Taoreed Oladejo,Mike Adeyemi,Francis Adejobi,Siddiq Abubakar 대한구강악안면외과학회 2018 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.44 No.3

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) is a joint pathology caused by bony and/or fibrous adhesion of the joint apparatus, resulting in partial or total loss of function. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted between 2012 and 2016 in the northwest region of Nigeria. The data retrieved in-cludes gender, age, etiology of ankylosis, duration of ankylosis, laterality of ankylosis, type of imaging technique, type of airway management, types of incision, surgical procedure, mouth opening, interpositional materials used, and complications. Results were presented as simple frequencies and descriptive statistics. Results: Thirty-six patients with TMJA were evaluated during the study period. There were 21 males (58.3%) and 15 females (41.7%), yielding a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. The patients’ age ranged from 5 to 33 years with mean±standard deviation (13.8±6.6 years). Thirty-five cases (97.2%) were determined to be true/bony ankylosis, while only 1 case (2.8%) was false/fibrous ankylosis. Most of the TMJA cases (16 cases, 44.4%) were secondary to a fall. In our series, the most commonly utilized incision was the Bramley-Al-Kayat (15 cases, 41.7%). The mostly commonly performed procedures were condylectomies and upper ramus ostectomies (12 cases each, 33.3%), while the most commonly used interpositional material was temporalis fascia (14 cases, 38.9%). The complications that developed included 4 cases (11.1%) of severe hemorrhage, 1 case (2.8%) of facial nerve palsy, and 1 case (2.8%) of re-ankylosis. Conclusion: Plain radiographs, with their shortcomings, still have significant roles in investigating TMJA. Aggressive postoperative physiotherapy for a minimum of 6 months is paramount for successful treatment.

Mittag Leffler functions associated with functions that map open unit disc onto a sector of the right-half plane

Saliu Afis,Kanwal Jabeen,Semiu Oladipupo Oladejo,Olaide Yetunde Saka-Balogun 한국전산응용수학회 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.5

In this present work, we inaugurated subclasses of analytic functions which are associated with generalized Mittag Leffler Functions. Inclusion implications and integral preserving properties under the Bernardi integral operator are investigated. Some consequences of these findings are also illustrated.

Investigation of gamma radiation shielding capability of two clay materials

S.F. Olukotun,S.T. Gbenu,F.I. Ibitoye,O.F. Oladejo,H.O. Shittu,M.K. Fasasi,F.A. Balogun 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.6

The gamma radiation shielding capability (GRSC) of two clay-materials (Ball clay and Kaolin)of SouthwesternNigeria (7.49 N, 4.55 E) have been investigated by determine theoretically and experimentallythe mass attenuation coefficient, m/r (cm2g 1) of the clay materials at photon energies of 609.31, 1120.29,1173.20, 1238.11, 1332.50 and 1764.49 keV emitted from 214Bi ore and 60Co point source. The massattenuation coefficients were theoretically evaluated using the elemental compositions of the claymaterialsobtained by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) elemental analysis technique as inputdata for WinXCom software. While gamma ray transmission experiment using Hyper Pure Germanium(HPGe) spectrometer detector to experimentally determine the mass attenuation coefficients, m/r(cm2g 1) of the samples. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculationsof WinXCom software. Linear attenuation coefficient (m), half value layer (HVL) and mean free path(MFP) were also evaluated using the obtained m/r values for the investigated samples. The GRSC of theselected clay-materials have been compared with other studied shielding materials. The cognizance ofvarious factors such as availability, thermo-chemical stability and water retaining ability by the claysamplescan be analyzed for efficacy of the material for their GRSC.

Neutron-shielding behaviour investigations of some clay-materials

S.F. Olukotun,Kulwinder Singh Mann,S.T. Gbenu,F.I. Ibitoye,O.F. Oladejo,Amit Joshi,H.O. Tekin,M.I. Sayyed,M.K. Fasasi,F.A. Balogun,Turgay Korkut 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.5

The fast-neutron shielding behaviour (FNSB) of two clay-materials (Ball clay and Kaolin)of SouthwesternNigeria (7.49 N, 4.55 E) have been investigated using effective removal cross section, SRðcm 1Þ, massremoval cross section, SR=rðcm2g 1Þ and Mean free path, l (cm). These parameters decide neutronshielding behaviour of any material. A computer program - WinNC-Toolkit has been used for computationof these parameters. The toolkit evaluates these parameters by using elemental compositions anddensities of samples. The proficiency of WinNC-Toolkit code was probe by using MCNPX and GEANT4 tomodel fast neutron transmission of the samples under narrow beam geometry, intending to representthe actual experimental setup. Direct calculation of effective removal cross section (cm 1) of the sampleswas also carried out. The results from each of the methods for each types of the studied clay-materials(Ball clay and Kaolin) shows similar trend. The trend might be the fingerprint of water content retainedin each of the samples being baked at different temperature. The compositions of each sample have beenobtained by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique (Tandem Pelletron Accelerator: 1.7 MV,Model 5SDH). The FNSB of the selected clay-materials have been compared with standard concrete. Thecognizance of various factors such as availability, thermo-chemical stability and water retaining ability bythe clay-samples can be analyzed for efficacy of the material for their FNSB.