Expression of alkA and ada Genes Involved in Adaptive Response

Namkung, Rock,Choe, Soo Y,Lee, Hee W,Park, Sang D 한국유전학회 1988 Genes & Genomics Vol.10 No.4

The regulation of the gene expression was investigated using the cloned alkA and ada genes. The alkA and ada promoters were fused with lac Z structural region without frame shift in reading frame by in vitro gene fusion technique. The induced β-galactosidase activities were examined. The activities of β-galactosidase expressed from the fused genes were highly induced when treated with methylating agents, but the nonalkylating agents did not induce the β-galactosidase activities. The inducible pattern did not observe in PJ 1 cells even after treatment with the methylating agents. These results indicate that the alkA and ada gene would not be expressed in the absence of Ada protein.

Regulation of Systemic Energy Homeostasis by Peripheral Serotonin

Namkung, Jun,Oh, Chang-Myung,Park, Sangkyu,Kim, Hail Association for Research of MPS and Rare Diseases 2016 Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare disease Vol.2 No.2

Whole body energy balance is achieved through the coordinated regulation of energy intake and energy expenditure in various tissues including liver, muscle and adipose tissues. A positive energy imbalance by excessive energy intake or insufficient energy expenditure results in obesity and related metabolic diseases. Although there have been many obesity treatment trials aimed at the reduction of energy intake, these strategies have achieved only limited success because of their associated adverse effects. Serotonin is among those traditional pharmacological targets for anti-obesity treatment because central 5-HT functions as an anorexigenic neurotransmitter in the brain. Thus, there have been many trials aimed at increasing the activity of 5-HT in the central nervous system, and some of the developed methods are already used in the clinical setting as anti-obesity drugs. However, recent studies suggest the new functions of peripheral serotonin in energy homeostasis ranging from the endocrine regulation by gut-derived serotonin to the autocrine/paracrine regulation by adipocyte-derived serotonin. Pharmacological inhibition of 5-HT synthesis leads to inhibition of lipogenesis in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT), induction of browning in inguinal WAT and activation of adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Fat specific Tph1 knock-out (Tph1 FKO) mice exhibit similar phenotypes as mice with pharmacological inhibition of 5-HT synthesis, suggesting the localized effects of 5-HT in adipose tissues. In addition, Htr3a KO mice exhibit increased energy expenditure in BAT and Htr2a KO mice exhibit the decreased lipid accumulation in WAT. These data suggest the clinical significance of the peripheral serotonergic system as a new therapeutic target for anti-obesity treatment.

Prediction of coal fouling using an alternative index under the gasification condition

Namkung, H.,Xu, L.H.,Kang, T.J.,Kim, D.S.,Kwon, H.B.,Kim, H.T. Applied Science Publishers 2013 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.102 No.-

Coal gasification was carried out in order to verify the coal fouling tendency in the drop tube furnace (DTF), which can simulate an entrained-bed gasifier. Thirteen pulverized coal samples, in the range of bituminous and sub-bituminous, were utilized, and compared, with predictions using a wide range of empirical indices. Large discrepancies were noted in most cases, with respect to experimental results, ash deposition rates, and different indices. Some indices used for anticipating fouling tendency are not co-related with the results of this experiment. A newly approached index, which is especially important considering the diffusivity parameter, looks at the ratio of acid and alkali mineral matters injected into gasifier and heat flux, indicates that traditional expressions are modified to account for other parameters which influence the ash deposition phenomenon. The alternative index resulted in improved correlations between predictions and experimental observations.

Group-Specific Component(Gc) Polymophism in Korean : Ⅰ. An Investigation on the Phenotypic Distribution of Jeju-do Population Ⅰ. 濟州島人集團에서의 Gc 表現型의 分布에 대하여

Namkung, Yong,Lee, Chung-Choo,Oh, Moon-You 제주대학교 1980 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

The polymorphism of the Group-Specific Component(Gc) was studied in serum samples from Jeju-do population of Korea using thin layered (1mm) polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (PAGIF). Six common subtypes, 1F-1F, 1F-1S, 1S-1S, 1S-2, 1F-S and 2-2, were found. The allele frequencies were for Gc 1F;0.518, for 1S;0.312 and for Gc 2;0. 170, respectively. The heterogeneity rate was 0.5065.

Hint for association of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype in SPINK5 gene with atopic dermatitis in Koreans

Namkung, Jung‐,Hyun,Lee, Jong‐,Eun,Kim, Eugene,Byun, Ji‐,Yeon,Kim, Sook,Shin, Eun‐,Soon,Cho, Eun‐,Young,Yang, Jun‐,Mo Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Experimental dermatology Vol.19 No.12

<P><B>Abstract: </B> Clinical studies, including twin studies, support the concept that the risk of atopic dermatitis (AD) may be mediated through skin‐specific genes, rather than simply through systemic immune or atopy risk genes. The SPINK5 gene is expressed on epithelial surfaces and may provide protection against other allergenic serine proteases. Mutations in the SPINK5 gene result in Netherton syndrome, a disorder characterised by AD, ichthyosis, and elevated serum IgE levels. We genotyped 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the SPINK5 gene for 1090 case–control samples (631 patients with AD and 459 normal controls) and analysed the SNPs and haplotypes in this gene and also searched for gene–gene interactions between SPINK5 and the DEFB1 gene that we previously reported. Six SNPs [rs17718511 (<I>P </I>= 0.026), rs17860502 (<I>P </I>= 0.024), KN0001820 (<I>P </I>= 0.045), rs60978485 (<I>P </I>= 0.007), rs17718737 (<I>P </I>= 0.02), and rs1422985 (<I>P </I>= 0.038)] and the haplotype TAA (rs60978485, rs6892205, rs2303064; <I>P </I>= 0.023) in the SPINK5 gene showed significant different allelic or genotypic distributions between the AD group and the control group. We also found that four SNPs [rs17718511 (<I>P </I>= 0.033), rs17860502 (<I>P </I>= 0.031), rs60978485 (<I>P </I>= 0.005), rs17718737 (<I>P </I>= 0.023)] and the haplotype TAA (<I>P </I>= 0.02) in the SPINK5 gene showed associations with the susceptibility of the allergic type of AD (ADe). In addition to this finding, we speculate that the SNPs from DEFB1 and SPINK5 affect the individual susceptibility to development of ADe in an additive manner. This study provides evidence for a significant interaction between allergens and the SPINK5 gene that may contribute to ADe susceptibility.</P>

One New Species of the Genus Galloisiana (Notoptera: Grylloblattidae) from Korea

Namkung, Joon(南宮焌) 한국동물분류학회 1986 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.2 No.2

Evaluation of sintering behavior of ash particles from coal and rice straw using optical heating stage microscope at high temperature fouling conditions

Namkung, H.,Hu, X.,Kim, H.T.,Wang, F.,Yu, G. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2016 Fuel processing technology Vol.149 No.-

Ash adhesion and elimination in the gasification process is one of the main challenges in maintaining a continuous operation of the plant. The properties of ash adhesion and elimination are mainly related to particle sintering behavior. Different sintering behaviors of Shenhua coal ash (SCA) and rice straw ash (RSA) below the inherent initial deformation temperature (IDT) were observed by using optical heating stage microscope (OHSM) under CO<SUB>2</SUB> and Ar environments. The particle interaction of the RSA, the IDT of which was lower than that of SCA, was higher than that of SCA at the same temperature. Adding RSA to the SCA was an effective means of increasing particle sintering of SCA. The sintering reaction rate of ash particles highly increased at beginning of sintering stage. The effects of inorganic chemicals in the sintering process were evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and typical fouling indices. The Ca and K were predominant contributors to the increase in sintering. The degree of sintering through the experiments was compared to a modified Frenkel sintering model, which accurately simulated the sintering tendency under isothermal conditions.

Bibliographic Check list of Korean Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) ver. 2010

NamKung, Joon,Yoo, Jung-Sun,Lee, Sue-Yeon,Lee, Joon-Ho,Paek, Woon-Kee,Kim, Seung-Tae national science museum of korea 2009 Journal of Korean nature Vol.2 No.3

A bibliographic checklist of Korean spiders from the 1956 checklist by Paik and Kim is presented, with a complete bibliography of the relevant Korean araneological literature. For the period of 1907-2009, a total of 507 publications on the spiders were extensively searched and records of taxonomic descriptions were included. Records are listed only from the locations within the present borders of South Korea. A total of 681 species of 258 genera belonging to 46 families were confirmed to exist in Korea. Twenty species, namely Pholcus pojeonensis, Pholcus kwangkyosanensis, Pholcus parkyeonensis, Dysdera crocata, Miagrammopes coreensis, Parasteatoda culicivora, Spheropistha melanosoma, Bathyphantes major, Araneus viperifer, Larinia onoi, Neoscona holmi, Pardosa isago, Pardosa monticola, Trochosa spinipalpis, Anahita samplexa, Cheiracanthium lascivum, Cheiracanthium eutittha, Clubiona japonica, Rhene myunghwani, and Sitticus sinensis, whose distribution or existence within the Korean border were uncertain and did not meet the requirements for valid records were excluded from the present list following critical validation. Sixteen species, namely, Clubiona bakurovi, Clubiona corrugata, Clubiona hummeli, Clubiona komissarovi, Clubiona kulczynskii, Clubiona microsapporensis, Clubiona orientalis, Clubiona paralena, Clubiona propinqua, Clubiona proszynskii, Clubiona sapporensis, Mendoza nobilis, Pseudicius koreanus, Sibianor nigriculus, Sitticus penicilloides, and Yllenus coreanus, which have been described or reported to exist in North Korea were listed separately from the present list. From the zoogeographical distribution, Korean spider fauna was found to be influenced by northern species, including 35 Holarctic and 67 Palearctic species, which account for 14.9% of the total number of species. Korean endemic species include 131 species, which account for 19.2% of the total number. Among neighboring countries, Korean spiders are most similar to those found in Japan. This list (ver. 2010) will be revised periodically after this version.

Regulation and Expression of α-Glycerol-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase(GPDH)in Drosophila melanogaster

Namkung, Yong,Kim, Se Jae,Lee, Chung Choo,Kim, Kyungjin 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究 Vol.4 No.1

노랑초파리의 α-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH)의 발생단계 및 조직특이적 발현에 대한 발생유전학적 조절 양상을 연구하였다. 노랑초파리의 GPDH는 주로 흉부와 복부에서 각각 활성을 보이는 GPDH-1과 GPDH-3 의 두가지 동위효소로 이루어져 있는데, 성충에서 총 GPDH활성의 62%는 흉부에서 나타내며 복부에서는 총 GPDH활성의 약 32%를 보였다. 그러나 두 조직에서 GPDH의 상대적인 합성량은 서로 비슷하며 GPDH-3가 GPDH-1보다 훨씬 빨리 turnover됨을 암시하였다. 순수분리한 GPDH-1 으로 항혈청을 만든 후 두 동위효소의 면역학적인 동질성을 조사한 결과, 두 효소의 구조적인 차이는 매우 근소하였다. GPDH 동위효소의 기원을 규명하기 위해서 유충과 성체 조직으로 immunoblotting 과 in vitro translation을 수행한 바, 단백질 수준에서 GPDH-1의 단일체는 GPDH-3 의 단일체보다 분자량이 다소 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 유충과 성체에서 추출한 RNA로 합성한 translation산물을 분석한 결과, 분자량이 동일한 하나의 band만 검출되는 것으로 보아 GPDH-3 는 GPDH-1에서 post translational modification 에 의해 생성되는 것으로 사료되었다. Several parameters of α-glycerol-3-pholphate dehydrogenase(GPDH)such as activity, content and translatable mRNA levels were measured to elucidate mechanism underlying developmental and tissue specific regulation of GPDH activity in Drosophila melanogaster. In adult segments, most of total GPDH activity(62%)was detected in thorax where GPDH-1 resided, while 32% of total GPDH activity was only detected in abdomen where GPDH-3 resided. The relative synthesis of GPDH was, however, similar in both tissues, although 58% of total GPDH was synthesis in abdomen. These results strongly suggest that the turnover rate of the abdominal enzyme(GPDH-3)was much more rapid than that of thoracic enzymes(GPDH-1). In vitro translation and immunoblotting experiments also indicate that GPDH-3 was arised by posttranslational modification from a single polypeptide(GPDH-1)

Effect of Si addition on the magnetic properties of melt-quenched Ni–Fe alloy strip

Namkung, J.,Kim, M.C.,Park, C.G. Elsevier Sequoia 2007 Materials science & engineering Structural materia Vol.449 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A sheet manufacturing technology for 79Ni–Fe alloy, which is highly permeable and has soft magnetic properties, was developed based on the melt drag casting method. Melt drag strip was manufactured using the new 79Ni–Fe–Si alloy designed considering the strip forming ability and soft magnetic properties in the single-roll casting method. The microstructure and soft magnetic properties were measured based on following casting and heat treatment processes. Oxygen concentration within the air-heated molten 79Ni–Fe alloy decreased rapidly following the addition of a small quantity of Si to the existing 79Ni–Fe alloy. Moreover, the effect of enhancing the strip-forming ability was determined by increasing the liquidus line temperature and solidus line temperature interval of 79Ni–Fe alloy with the additional Si concentration. As a result of cold processing and proper heat treatment, the melt drag cast 79Ni–19Fe–2Si alloy exhibited excellent soft magnetic properties compared with the 79Ni–Fe alloy strip. Therefore, the forming ability of melt drag strip can be enhanced by adding a small quantity of Si to the traditional 79Ni–Fe alloy. Likewise, soft magnetic properties can be enhanced by reducing oxygen concentration within the molten metal.</P>