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Nam-Gyu Im,Kyung-Rok Oh,Min-gil Kim,Young Lee,Na-Na Lim,Tae-Hwan Cho,Su-Ra Ryu,Seo-Ra Yoon 대한재활의학회 2022 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.46 No.6
Objective To investigate the effect of low frequency cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on balance impairment in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods Thirty-two patients were randomly divided into two groups: rTMS group (n=16) and control (n=16). In the rTMS group, treatment was performed five times per week for 2 weeks (10 sessions), and in the control group, a sham coil was used with the sound and sensation of scalp similar to the rTMS coil. Patients in both groups underwent a conventional rehabilitation program. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used as the primary outcome measurement. Timed Up and Go test (TUG), 10-m walk test (10mWT), and Activity-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC) were used as the secondary outcome measurement. All scales were measured at baseline (T0), after 10 sessions of rTMS (T1), and at 4 weeks after treatment completion (T2) by therapists with over 5 years of clinical experience.Results There were significant improvements between T0 and T1, and between T0 and T2, for all assessed items in the rTMS group. Whereas there were significant improvements between T0 and T1, and between T0 and T2, for the BBS and 10mWT in the control group. TUG (-4.87±5.05 vs. -0.50±2.97 seconds) and ABC score (8.10±8.33 vs. 0.16±0.97) were observed significant differences in comparison of the changes from T0 to T1 between the two group. BBS score (4.40±3.66 vs. 1.88±3.14), TUG (-4.87±4.56 vs. -0.62±2.96 seconds) and ABC score (8.22±7.70 vs. -0.09±0.86) differed significantly from T0 to T2 between the two groups.Conclusion Our findings suggest that low-frequency cerebellar rTMS is helpful for improving balance in patients with cerebral infarction, and maybe a beneficial treatment for these patients.
6.5% efficient perovskite quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell
Im, Jeong-Hyeok,Lee, Chang-Ryul,Lee, Jin-Wook,Park, Sang-Won,Park, Nam-Gyu Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Nanoscale Vol.3 No.10
<P>Highly efficient quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell is fabricated using <I>ca.</I> 2–3 nm sized perovskite (CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>)PbI<SUB>3</SUB> nanocrystal. Spin-coating of the equimolar mixture of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I and PbI<SUB>2</SUB> in γ-butyrolactone solution (perovskite precursor solution) leads to (CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>)PbI<SUB>3</SUB> quantum dots (QDs) on nanocrystalline TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surface. By electrochemical junction with iodide/iodine based redox electrolyte, perovskite QD-sensitized 3.6 μm-thick TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film shows maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 78.6% at 530 nm and solar-to-electrical conversion efficiency of 6.54% at AM 1.5G 1 sun intensity (100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>), which is by far the highest efficiency among the reported inorganic quantum dot sensitizers.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Highly efficient perovskite quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1nr10867k'> </P>
High performance organic photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells
Im, Hunbae,Kim, Sukwon,Park, Chanmoo,Jang, Seok-Hoon,Kim, Chang-Ju,Kim, Kyungkon,Park, Nam-Gyu,Kim, Chulhee Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Chemical communications Vol.46 No.8
<P>We report highly efficient organic photosensitizers containing π-conjugated alkoxy-substituted oligophenylenevinylene linkers with electron donor–acceptor units for dye-sensitized solar cells. TA-DM-CA showed an overall solar-to-energy conversion efficiency of 9.67% at AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>).</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We have synthesized high performance organic photosensitizers containing alkoxy-substituted oligophenylenevinylene linkers with electron donor–acceptor units for DSSCs; one of which showed an overall solar-to-energy conversion efficiency of 9.67% at AM 1.5 illumination. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b917065k'> </P>
Nanowire Perovskite Solar Cell
Im, Jeong-Hyeok,Luo, Jingshan,Franckevič,ius, Marius,Pellet, Norman,Gao, Peng,Moehl, Thomas,Zakeeruddin, Shaik Mohammed,Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja,Grä,tzel, Michael,Park, Nam-Gyu American Chemical Society 2015 NANO LETTERS Vol.15 No.3
<P>Organolead iodide perovskite, CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>, was prepared in the form of nanowire by means of a small quantity of aprotic solvent in two-step spin-coating procedure. One-dimensional nanowire perovskite with the mean diameter of 100 nm showed faster carrier separation in the presence of hole transporting layer and higher lateral conductivity than the three-dimensional nanocuboid crystal. Reduction in dimensionality resulted in the hypsochromic shift of both absorption and fluorescence spectra, indicative of more localized exciton states in nanowires. The best performing device employing nanowire CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> delivered photocurrent density of 19.12 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, voltage of 1.052 V, and fill factor of 0.721, leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.71% at standard AM 1.5G solar illumination. A small <I>I</I>–<I>V</I> hysteresis was observed, where a PCE at forward scan was measured to be 85% of the PCE at reverse scan.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2015/nalefd.2015.15.issue-3/acs.nanolett.5b00046/production/images/medium/nl-2015-00046q_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl5b00046'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Spatholobus suberectus inhibits osteoclastogenesis and stimulates chondrogenesis.
Im, Nam-Kyung,Lee, Sung-Gyu,Lee, Dong-Sung,Park, Pil-Hoon,Lee, In-Seon,Jeong, Gil-Saeng Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2014 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol.42 No.5
<P>This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (SS) on the protection of chondral defect and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. To examine these effects, we measured the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels in SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells and performed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining in bone marrow macrophage (BMM)-derived osteoclasts. To investigate the anti-osteoarthritis (OA) effects, we assessed TNF-α-induced MMP-1, -3, -9 and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) expression levels in SW1353 cells. We observed that SS extract significantly inhibited MMP and TIMP expression in SW1353 cells. Also, SS extract inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. These results suggest that SS extract may have a potential in the treatment of bone loss and chondral defect by suppressing osteoclast differentiation and decreasing the expression of OA factors. Therefore, clarification of the mechanism of the action of SS extract and its active components is needed.</P>
Im, Jeong-Hyeok,Jang, In-Hyuk,Pellet, Norman,Grä,tzel, Michael,Park, Nam-Gyu Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature nanotechnology Vol.9 No.11
Perovskite solar cells with submicrometre-thick CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> or CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3–</SUB><SUB>x</SUB>Cl<SUB>x</SUB> active layers show a power conversion efficiency as high as 15%. However, compared to the best-performing device, the average efficiency was as low as 12%, with a large standard deviation (s.d.). Here, we report perovskite solar cells with an average efficiency exceeding 16% and best efficiency of 17%. This was enabled by the growth of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> cuboids with a controlled size via a two-step spin-coating procedure. Spin-coating of a solution of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I with different concentrations follows the spin-coating of PbI<SUB>2</SUB>, and the cuboid size of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> is found to strongly depend on the concentration of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I. Light-harvesting efficiency and charge-carrier extraction are significantly affected by the cuboid size. Under simulated one-sun illumination, average efficiencies of 16.4% (s.d. ± 0.35), 16.3% (s.d. ± 0.44) and 13.5% (s.d. ± 0.34) are obtained from solutions of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I with concentrations of 0.038 M, 0.050 M and 0.063 M, respectively. By controlling the size of the cuboids of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> during their growth, we achieved the best efficiency of 17.01% with a photocurrent density of 21.64 mA cm<SUP>–2</SUP>, open-circuit photovoltage of 1.056 V and fill factor of 0.741.
( Nam Kyung Im ),( Sung Gyu Lee ),( Dong Sung Lee ),( Pil Hoon Park ),( In Seon Lee ),( Gil Saeng Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
THis study was carried out to investigate the effect of Spathololbus suberectus Dunn(SS)on the protection of chondral defect and inhibition of osteiclastogenesis. To examine these effecte,we measured the matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)levels in SW1353 chon-drosarcoma cells and performed tartrate-resistant acid phossohatase (TRAP) staining in bone marrow macrophage(BMM)-derived osteoclasts.To investigate the anti-osteoarthritis(OA)effects,we assessed TNF-α-induced MMP-1,-3,-9 and tissue inhibitors of matrix metal- loproteinase(TIMP)expression levels in SW 1353 cells.Also,SS extract inhibiteb the receptpr activator of unclear factor-kB ligand(RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentia- tion. These results suggest that SS extract may have a potential in the treatment of bone loss and chondral defectby suppressing osteoclast differentiation and decreasing the expression of OA factors. Therefore, clarification of the mechanism of the action of SS extract and its active components is needed.
A Study on the Safe Use of Electric Kickboards
( Im Deok Gyu ),( Kim Hun ),( Min Seung Nam ) 한국감성과학회 2021 한국감성과학회 국제학술대회(ICES) Vol.2021 No.-
Electric kickboards that can be moved conveniently on streets that are difficult to reach by car are being used. However, accidents of people using electric kickboards are also increasing. The causes of accidents include not wearing protective equipment, not parked in a designated parking space, and entering pedestrians. The related laws on electric kickboards are being newly revised in Korea. Therefore, this study collected the problems or issues faced in terms of safety of electric kickboards users or others, through a survey on related laws for improvement. This study also likes to suggest an idea for a smart helmet. The function of the smart helmet is to connect to the device only when the helmet strap is properly locked and to cut off the power of the device if the helmet is not worn as per the wearing instruction. This smart helmet could reduce many accidents.