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Lee, Kang Man,Choi, Won Jun,Lee, Yoon Ji,Lee, Hyun Joo,Zhao, Long Xuan,Lee, Hyuk Woo,Park, Jae Gyu,Kim, Hea Ok,Hwang, Kwang Yeon,Heo, Yong Seok,Choi, Sun,Jeong, Lak Shin 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2011 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.21
The X-ray crystal structure of human S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase was first determined as a tetrameric form bound with the novel mechanism-based inhibitor fluoroneplanocin A (4b). The crystallized enzyme complex showed the closed conformation and turned out to be the intermediate of mechanism-based inhibition. It confirmed that the cofactor depletion by 3'-oxidation of fluoroneplanocin A contributes to the enzyme inhibition along with the irreversible covalent modification of AdoHcy hydrolase. In addition, a series of haloneplanocin A analogues (4b-e and 5b-e) were designed and synthesized to characterize the binding role and reactivity of the halogen substituents and the 4'-CH(2)OH group. The biological evaluation and molecular modeling studies identified the key pharmacophores and structural requirements for the inhibitor binding of AdoHcy hydrolase. The inhibitory activity was decreased as the size of the halogen atom increased and/or if the 4'-CH(2)OH group was absent. These results could be utilized to design new therapeutic agents operating via AdoHcy hydrolase inhibition.
Acupuncture inhibits liver injury induced by morphine plus acetaminophen through antioxidant system
Lee, Young Joon,Zhao, Rong Jie,Kim, Young Woo,Kang, Su Jin,Lee, Eun Kyung,Kim, Nam Jun,Chang, Suchan,Kim, Jin Mook,Lee, Ji Eun,Ku, Sae Kwang,Lee, Bong Hyo Elsevier 2016 European journal of integrative medicine Vol.8 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>Morphine (MP) and acetaminophen (APAP), widely used-pain relievers and antipyretics, are known to induce hepatotoxicity. Acupuncture, a traditional therapy in Asia, is used for various reasons including detoxification. This study aimed to examine whether acupuncture exerts protective effects against MP+APAP-induced hepatic damage.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Male Sprague-Dawley rats received chronic MP, withdrawal, and APAP. Thereafter, blood and liver were taken. Acupuncture was performed once daily. Asparte aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured, and percentages of abnormally decreased-hepatocyte regions, mean liver cell counts, and mean inflammatory cell numbers infiltrated on hepatic parenchyma were examined. In addition, antioxidant effects were evaluated based on liver lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities with the number of immunopositive hepatocytes against nitrotyrosine (NT) as a marker of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) related-oxidative stresses and 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) as a marker of lipid peroxidation.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Significant elevations of AST and ALT were noted of MP or APAP. They also induced an increase in MDA contents as well as decreases in GSH levels and activities of SOD and CAT activity. A centrolobular decrease in hepatocytes along with degenerative changes of hepatocytes were also observed, and increases of NT and 4HNE immunoreactive hepatocytes were shown. These hepatocellular damages were more severe with the combination of MP+APAP. However, these MP+APAP-induced hepatic damages were significantly inhibited by acupuncture.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>This study suggests that acupuncture may have a protective effect against the MP+APAP-induced hepatic damage through the amelioration of antioxidant defense systems.</P>
Acupuncture Suppresses Morphine Craving in Progressive Ratio Through the GABA System
Lee, B.H.,Zhao, R.J.,Lee, B.G.,Kim, N.J.,Yang, C.H.,Kim, H.Y.,Gwak, Y.S.,Lim, S.C.,Kim, J.S.,Lee, Y.K.,Lee, H.J. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam 2015 JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MERIDIAN STUDIES Vol.8 No.4
Previous studies revealed that acupuncture suppressed both morphine self-administration and morphine-seeking behavior after abstinence. Based on these results, this study examined whether acupuncture attenuated morphine-craving under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule and investigated the possible neuronal mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to self-administer morphine (0.5 mg/kg) at a fixed ratio for 9 days, and rats who achieved stable infusion were switched to a PR schedule. When animals had taken no more morphine for 1 hour, the number of infusions was defined as the break point (BP). After PR training, animals that had established a stable BP received acupuncture the next day. Acupuncture was applied for 1 minute immediately before the test session. Bicuculline (1.0 mg/kg) and SCH 50911 (2.0 mg/kg) were given 30 minutes prior to acupuncture. The c-Fos levels in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) were examined. Acupuncture at SI5 reduced the BP significantly. Moreover, the effects of acupuncture were blocked by either bicuculline or SCH 50911. Immunofluorescence revealed that acupuncture at SI5 decreased c-Fos expressions in the VTA and the NAc. This study demonstrates that acupuncture at SI5 is effective for the treatment of morphine-craving and that this effect is mediated via the GABA pathway.
Dependence of the properties of hydrothermally grown ZnO on precursor concentration
Zhao, X.,Lee, J.Y.,Kim, C.-R.,Heo, J.,Shin, C.M.,Leem, J.-Y.,Ryu, H.,Chang, J.-H.,Lee, H.C.,Jung, W.-G.,Son, C.-S.,Shin, B.C.,Lee, W.-J.,Tan, S.T.,Zhao, J.,Sun, X. North-Holland 2009 Physica E, Low-dimensional systems & nanostructure Vol.41 No.8
This study evaluated the effects of precursor concentration ranging from 0.06 to 1.5M on the properties of hydrothermally grown ZnO on annealed ZnO buffered Si substrates. At relatively low concentrations (no more than 0.5M), well-aligned ZnO arrays were grown on ZnO/Si(100) due to heterogeneous nucleation. As the concentration was increased to 1.0M, the morphologies changed to randomly accumulated particles as a result of homogeneous nucleation. The crystal and optical properties of the materials were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) measurement, respectively. It was found that the best crystal and optical properties were obtained with concentrations of 0.5 and 0.3M, respectively. These properties were observed to degrade when the concentration was raised to more than 1.0M.
Matthew Lee,Ziho Lee,Helaine Koster,Minsuk Jun,Aeen M. Asghar,Randall Lee,David Strauss,Neel Patel,Daniel Kim,Sreeya Komaravolu,Alice Drain,Michael J. Metro,Lee Zhao,Michael Stifelman,Daniel D. Eun 대한비뇨의학회 2021 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.62 No.1
Purpose: To report our intermediate-term, multi-institutional experience after robotic ureteral reconstruction for the management of long-segment proximal ureteral strictures. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our Collaborative of Reconstructive Robotic Ureteral Surgery (CORRUS) database to identify all patients who underwent robotic ureteral reconstruction for long-segment (≥4 centimeters) proximal ureteral strictures between August 2012 and June 2019. The primary surgeon determined the specific technique to reconstruct the ureter at time of surgery based on the patient's clinical history and intraoperative findings. Our primary outcome was surgical success, which we defined as the absence of ureteral obstruction on radiographic imaging and absence of obstructive flank pain. Results: Of 20 total patients, 4 (20.0%) underwent robotic ureteroureterostomy (RUU) with downward nephropexy (DN), 2 (10.0%) underwent robotic ureterocalycostomy (RUC) with DN, and 14 (70.0%) underwent robotic ureteroplasty with buccal mucosa graft (RU-BMG). Median stricture length was 4 centimeters (interquartile range [IQR], 4–4; maximum, 5), 6 centimeters (IQR, 5–7; maximum, 8), and 5 centimeters (IQR, 4–5; maximum, 8) for patients undergoing RUU with DN, RUC with DN, and RU-BMG, respectively. At a median follow-up of 24 (IQR, 14–51) months, 17/20 (85.0%) cases were surgically successful. Two of four patients (50.0%) who underwent RUU with DN developed stricture recurrences within 3 months. Conclusions: Long-segment proximal ureteral strictures may be safely and effectively managed with RUC with DN and RU-BMG. Although RUU with DN can be utilized, this technique may be associated with a higher failure rate.
Lee, Dong-Hyun,Lee, Jung-A,Zhao, Yakai,Lu, Zhaoping,Suh, Jin-Yoo,Kim, Ju-Young,Ramamurty, Upadrasta,Kawasaki, Megumi,Langdon, Terence G.,Jang, Jae-il Elsevier 2017 ACTA MATERIALIA Vol.140 No.-
<P>The influence of annealing on the constitutive stress-strain response of nanocrystalline (nc) CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was investigated through a series of nanoindentation experiments using five different three-sided pyramidal indenters. The nc HEA, produced by high-pressure torsion (HPT), was subjected to annealing at 450 degrees C for 1 and 10 h. Microstructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that three different nano-scale precipitates (NiMn-, FeCo-, and Co-rich phases) form in the primary single-phase matrix of nc HEA after annealing. The strain-dependent plastic flow response of nc HEA pre- and post-annealing was estimated using the indentation strain and constraint factor, revealing a significant strain softening in nc HEA, which becomes pronounced after annealing. TEM analysis of the deformed material underneath the indenter suggests that the plastic deformation aids in the dissolution of the annealing-induced intermetallic precipitates, which could be the mechanism for the pronounced softening. The dissolution mechanism was rationalized by the destabilization of precipitates during plastic deformation due to the increase in interface energy. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Zhao, Long-Xuan,Park, Hyeung-Geun,Jew, Sang-Sup,Lee, Mi-Kyeong,Kim, Young-Choong,Thapa, Pritam,Karki, Radha,Jahng, Yurng-Dong,Jeong, Byeong-Seon,Lee, Eung-Seok Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.6
For the development of novel hepatoprotective agents, C11, C28, C2,3,23 or C2,23,28 functional groups on asiatic acid were modified, and their hepatoprotective effects were evaluated. Most of the prepared compounds displayed potent hepatoprotective activities against CCl4- and galactosamine (GaIN)-induced hepatotoxicity. Especially, compounds 16 and 20 showed the most significant hepatoprotective effects against GaIN-induced hepatotoxicity (54.2% and 46.4% protection at 50 mM, respectively).
Growth of Nanosized Single Crystals for Efficient Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes
Lee, Seungjin,Park, Jong Hyun,Nam, Yun Seok,Lee, Bo Ram,Zhao, Baodan,Di Nuzzo, Daniele,Jung, Eui Dae,Jeon, Hansol,Kim, Ju-Young,Jeong, Hu Young,Friend, Richard H.,Song, Myoung Hoon American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.4
<P>Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are emerging as promising emitting materials due to their narrow full-width at half-maximum emissions, color tunability, and high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). However, the thermal generation of free charges at room temperature results in a low radiative recombination rate and an excitation-intensity-dependent PLQY, which is associated with the trap density. Here, we report perovskite films composed of uniform nanosized single crystals (average diameter = 31.7 nm) produced by introducing bulky amine ligands and performing the growth at a lower temperature. By effectively controlling the crystal growth, we maximized the radiative bimolecular recombination yield by reducing the trap density and spatially confining the charges. Finally, highly bright and efficient green emissive perovskite light-emitting diodes that do not suffer from electroluminescence blinking were achieved with a luminance of up to 55 400 cd m<SUP>-2</SUP>, current efficiency of 55.2 cd A<SUP>-1</SUP>, and external quantum efficiency of 12.1%.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Low-temperature synthesis of 2D MoS<sub>2</sub> on a plastic substrate for a flexible gas sensor
Zhao, Yuxi,Song, Jeong-Gyu,Ryu, Gyeong Hee,Ko, Kyung Yong,Woo, Whang Je,Kim, Youngjun,Kim, Donghyun,Lim, Jun Hyung,Lee, Sunhee,Lee, Zonghoon,Park, Jusang,Kim, Hyungjun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Nanoscale Vol.10 No.19
<P>The efficient synthesis of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS2) at low temperatures is essential for use in flexible devices. In this study, 2D MoS2 was grown directly at a low temperature of 200 °C on both hard (SiO2) and soft substrates (polyimide (PI)) using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with Mo(CO)6 and H2S. We investigated the effect of the growth temperature and Mo concentration on the layered growth by Raman spectroscopy and microscopy. 2D MoS2 was grown by using low Mo concentration at a low temperature. Through optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and transmission electron microscopy measurements, MoS2 produced by low-temperature CVD was determined to possess a layered structure with good uniformity, stoichiometry, and a controllable number of layers. Furthermore, we demonstrated the realization of a 2D MoS2-based flexible gas sensor on a PI substrate without any transfer processes, with competitive sensor performance and mechanical durability at room temperature. This fabrication process has potential for burgeoning flexible and wearable nanotechnology applications.</P>