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Macromolecular Cytosolic Delivery: Cell Membranes as the Primary Obstacle
Larson, Gretchen M.,Lee, Kyung-Dall The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1998 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.21 No.6
The "evolution" of a thing, a custom, an organ is thus by no means its progressus toward a goal, even less a logical progressus by the shortest route and with the least expendit ure of force, but a succession of more or less profound, mutually independent processes of subduing, plus the resistances they encounter, the attempts at transformation for the purpose of defense and reaction, and the results of successful counteractions. The form is fluid, but the "meaning" is even more so (Friedrich W. Nietzsche).
The Elevator, the Iron Skeleton Frame, and the Early Skyscrapers: Part 1
Larson, Gerald R. Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2020 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.9 No.1
The evolution in the use of the elevator and the iron frame to build ever-taller buildings that would eventually be called "skyscrapers" is still somewhat shrouded in the mist of history. This two-part paper is an attempt to document the significant persons and events in that evolution, showing that these had a greater continuity than that previously recorded. In this first part, I discuss how the exploitation of the elevator in the design of buildings allowed "skyscrapers" to be built taller than the five-six story limit imposed by stairways, so that their owners could include more and more rental square footage needed to offset the increasing cost of Manhattan real estate. The use of iron framing for the interior framing in these taller buildings would reduce the amount of square footage lost to construction, thereby also increasing the rental return from the building. By the start of the Great Depression of the 1870s in 1873, New York architects had erected two ten-storied skyscrapers.
Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Locomotion in vitro Correlates with in vivo Leucocyte Counts
Larson, H. Elliot,Lee, Yun Tai 大韓免疫學會 1981 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.3 No.1
다형핵백혈구의 이주능을 알아딘고저 각증 유열기에 있는 판자(세균 및 바이러스성 질환)51명으로부터 혈액을 채취하여 실험하였다. 즉 백혈구를 분리한후 Boyden chamber를 사용하여 백철주의 이주능을 측정하고 이 세포가 각 환자 말초철액내 백혈구수와의 상관을 조사하였다. 이 결과 시험관내의 다형핵백혈구의 이주는 생체내 백혈구수의 증감과 일치하는 현상을 보였아. 그리고 각 환자의 철청으로처리한 백혈구의 이주능은 정상대조와 차이가 없었다.
Lithium Intercalation in Graphene-MoS<sub>2</sub> Heterostructures
Larson, Daniel T.,Fampiou, Ioanna,Kim, Gunn,Kaxiras, Efthimios American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.122 No.43
<P>Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures are interesting candidates for efficient energy storage devices due to their high carrier capacity by reversible intercalation. We employ here density functional theory calculations to investigate the structural and electronic properties of lithium-intercalated graphene/molybdenum disulfide (Gr/MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) heterostructures. We explore the extent to which Li intercalates at the interface formed between graphene (Gr) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) layers by considering the adsorption and diffusion of Li atoms, the energetic stability, and the changes in the structural morphology of MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. We investigate the corresponding electronic structure and charge distribution within the heterostructure at varying concentrations of Li. Our results indicate that the maximum energetically allowed ratio of Li to Mo (Li to C) is 1:1 (1:3) for both the 2H and 1T′ phases of MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. This is double the Li concentration allowed in graphene bilayers. We find that there is 60% more charge transfer to MoS<SUB>2</SUB> than to Gr in the bilayer heterostructure, which results in a maximum doping of Gr and MoS<SUB>2</SUB> of <I>n</I><SUB>C</SUB> = 3.6 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> and <I>n</I><SUB>MoS<SUB>2</SUB></SUB> = 6.0 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP>, respectively.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
( Jean M Larson ),( Anna Tavakkoli ),( Walter E Drane ),( Phillip P Toskes ),( Baharak Moshiree ) 대한소화관운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.4
Background/Aims Current therapy for gastroparesis with prokinetic agents is limited by options and side effects. One macrolide, erythromycin (ERY), is associated with possible sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation due to P450 iso-enzyme inhibition. An alternative, azithromycin (AZI), lacks P450 inhibition. We compared the effect on gastric emptying half-times (t½) between AZI and ERY in patients diagnosed with gastroparesis by gastric emptying scintigraphy. Methods Patients stopped medications known to affect gastric emptying prior to the study, and then ingested 1 scrambled egg meal labeled with 18.5-37 MBq of technetium-99m sulfur colloid followed by continuous imaging for 120 minutes, at 1 minute per frame. A simple linear fit was applied to the rate of gastric emptying, and gastric emptying t½ was calculated (normal =45-90 minutes). At 75-80 minutes, if the stomach had clearly not emptied, patients were given either ERY (n=60) or AZI (n=60) 250 mg IV and a new post-treatment gastric emptying t½ was calculated. Results Comparison of gastric emptying t½ showed a similar positive effect (mean gastric emptying t½ for AZI=10.4±7.2 minutes; mean gastric emptying t½ for ERY=11.9±8.4 minutes; p=0.30). Conclusions AZI is equivalent to ERY in accelerating the gastric emptying of adult patients with gastroparesis. Given the longer duration of action, better side effect profile and lack of P450 interaction for AZI as compared with ERY, further research should evaluate the long term effectiveness and safety of AZI as a gastroparesis treatment. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:407-413)