유급노동 참여 노인의 개인특성과 노년기 유급노동이 정신건강에 미치는 영향

조규영(Cho, Kyuyoung),전혜정(Jun, Hey Jung) 한국노년학회 2015 한국노년학 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구는 Bass와 Caro(1996), Sherraden과 동료들(2001)의 개념틀을 바탕으로, 유급노동과 정신건강의 관계를 검증하는 동시에 유급노동 참여수준과 관련이 있는 개인특성을 알아보고자 한다. 이 모델을 부부단위로 확장하여 유급노동과 정신건강의 관계에 있어 자기효과(남편-남편, 아내-아내)와 상대방효과(남편-아내, 아내-남편)를 알아보았다. 연구대상은 1~3차년도(2006~2010) 고령화연구패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing: KLoSA)를 부부단위로 재구조화한 후, 55세 이상의 고령자 부부 1,955쌍을 선정하였다. 본 연구는 Mplus 5.21(Muthén & Muthén, 2010)을 이용하여, MLR 측정방법을 사용하여 결측값을 고려한 상태에서 경로분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 첫째, 남편의 유급노동 참여수준은 자신의 연령이 낮을수록, 교육수준이 낮을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 좋을수록, 친한 사람 만난 횟수가 많을수록, 아내의 주관적 건강상태가 나쁠수록 높아진다. 또한 남편의 유급노동 참여수준이 높을수록 자신의 우울은 낮아지고, 삶의 만족도는 높아지며(남편의 자기효과), 아내에게도 이러한 영향은 유의하다(남편의 상대방효과). 둘째, 아내의 유급노동 참여수준은 자신의 연령이 낮을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 좋을수록, 친한 사람 만난 횟수가 많을수록, 남편의 교육수준이 낮을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 나쁠수록 높아진다. 한편, 아내의 유급노동 참여수준이 자신(아내의 자기효과)과 남편(아내의 상대방효과)의 우울과 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미친다는 유의한 증거는 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구는 유급노동에 참여하는 남성과 여성노인의 개인특성을 고려하여 세분화된 노인집단이 필요로 하는 유급노동 참여 기회 혹은 지원 제공에 활용할 수 있다. 또한 남성노인의 유급노동 참여는 남편 자신뿐 아니라, 배우자의 정신건강까지도 긍정적으로 유지하는데 효과적일 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to examine what characteristics of older adults are associated with their participation level in paid work and to analyze the effects of paid work on mental health based on the conceptual framework of Bass and Caro(1996), and Sherraden and his colleagues(2001). Using couple-level dyadic data, this model examined actor effects (the effects of an individual's productive activities on oneself) and partner effects (the effects of spouse's productive activities on oneself) on the relationship between paid work and mental health. Using dyadic data converted from KLoSA(Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging) of 1-3 year (2006~2010), the study included 1,955 couples whose husbands or wives were aged 55 and above. Path analysis was performed with Mplus 5.21 (Muthén & Muthén, 2010), using MLR estimation method which uses complete data including the missing values. The results 1 show husbands' actor and partner effects. Husbands' participation level in paid work gets higher when husbands are younger, have lower education level, better subjective health, and more frequent meetings with friends, and their wives' subjective health are worse. In addition, husbands' increased level of participation in paid work lowers depression and enhances life satisfaction of their own and their spouses'. The results 2 show wives' actor and partner effects. Wives' participation level in paid work gets higher when wives are younger, have better subjective health, and more frequent meetings with friends, and their husbands have lower education level and worse subjective health. However, there was no significant evidence that wives' level of participation in paid work was related to depression and life satisfaction of their own and their spouses'.

중고령자의 은퇴 만족 유형과 삶의 만족도

조규영(Kyuyoung Cho),전혜정(Hey Jung Jun),이은지(Eun Jee Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.4

본 연구는 은퇴를 주로 부정적인 생애사건으로 분류하였던 기존 인식에서 벗어나 보다 긍정적인 관점에서 다루고자 하였다. 취업자를 참조집단으로 하여, 은퇴자의 은퇴 만족 여부(만족 은퇴, 불만족 은퇴)가 삶의 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고, 성별에 따른 차이를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 1~2차년도 고령화연구패널조사(KLoSA) 참여자 중 45세 이상의 취업자 1,886명, 은퇴자 723명으로 총 2,609명이며, 은퇴자는 1~2차년도 지속적 불만족 은퇴자와 만족 은퇴자로 구분하였다. 연구방법은 SPSS 21.0을 사용한 중다회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 남녀 집단 간 차이를 보다 명확히 하기위해 성별에 따른 회귀계수의 차이를 Mplus 7.3을 사용하여 다집단 분석(Multi-Group Analysis)을 통해 검증한 뒤, Wald-Test를 실시하였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면, 불만족 은퇴자와 만족 은퇴자의 삶의 만족도는 상반되는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 은퇴에 불만족할 경우 취업자보다 삶의 만족도는 낮은 반면, 은퇴에 만족할 경우 오히려 취업자보다도 삶의 만족도가 높다는 결과가 도출되었다. 또한, 남녀 모두 불만족 은퇴자는 취업자보다 삶의 만족도가 낮았고, 이 효과는 여성에게서 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 여성의 경우 만족 은퇴자의 삶의 만족도는 취업자보다 높은 반면, 남성의 경우 이러한 영향력이 유의미하다는 증거가 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 은퇴자 집단의 이질성 및 생애과정에서의 성차에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다. This study explored how retirement satisfaction or dissatisfaction influences on retirees" life satisfaction, comparing to workers and the gender differences were examined. The study sample was 2,609 persons (1,886 workers, 723 retirees) aged 45 or older who participated in the 1-2 waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA), and the retirees were classified into continuously dissatisfied retirees and satisfied retirees during wave 1 and 2. Using SPSS 21.0, the multiple regression models were examined, and in order to clarify the gender difference, the multi-group analysis and the wald-test were conducted to test the difference of the regression coefficients according to gender using Mplus 7.3. According to the results, the life satisfaction of dissatisfied retirees was lower than that of the employed, but when satisfied with retirement, the life satisfaction was higher than that of the employed. In addition, the dissatisfied retirees in both gender were less satisfied with life than the employed, and this effect was greater in female group. However, the life satisfaction of female satisfied with retirement was higher than that of the employed, whereas the evidence of the male influence was not found to be significant. Based on the results of this study, discussion about heterogeneity of retirees and gender differences in life span were presented.

맞벌이 부부의 일가족 경험과 정신건강: 자기효과와 상대방효과

조규영 ( Kyuyoung Cho ),김신경 ( Sinkyung Kim ),전효정 ( Jeon Hyo Jeong ) 한국가족관계학회 2018 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the actor and partner effects of the relationships among dual-earner couple’s work-family experiences and mental health using APIM (Actor and Partner Interdependence Model). Method: Using the 7~8th (2015) wave of PSKC (Panel Study on Korean Children), the study included 606 couples raising children who are in the first grade of elementary school. Results: The result 1 shows relationships between work-parenting gains and depression/life-satisfaction (Model 1 & Model 2). In Model 1, wives' level of work-parenting gains was not associated with depression of their own nor of their spouse. However, husbands' level of work-parenting gains was associated with their spouses' as well as depression of their own. In Model 2, wives' level of work-parenting gains was associated with life-satisfaction of their own but it was not associated with life-satisfaction of their spouse. However, husbands' level of work-parenting gains was associated with their spouses' as well as life-satisfaction of their own. The result 2 shows relationships between work-parenting strains and depression/life-satisfaction (Model 3 & Model 4). In Model 3, wives' level of work-parenting strains was associated with their spouses' as well as depression of their own. In addition, husbands' level of work-parenting strains was associated with their spouses' as well as depression of their own. In Model 4, wives' level of work-parenting strains was associated with life-satisfaction of their own but it was not associated with life-satisfaction of their spouse. However, husbands' level of work-parenting strains was associated with their spouses' as well as life-satisfaction of their own. Conclusions: These findings extend our understanding of the relationships between work-family experiences and mental health using dyadic data.

병렬적 잠재성장모형을 적용한 중노년기 부부의 결혼만족도 변화궤적: 자기효과와 상대방효과

조규영 ( Kyuyoung Cho ),이설아 ( Seolah Lee ) 대한가정학회 2020 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.58 No.3

This study examined the trajectories of the marital satisfaction among middle and old aged couples for 8 years. This study focused on middle and old aged couples who were relatively uninterested in family research. Using the 1-5 Waves of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) 2006-2014, the study included 635 middle and old aged couples whose husbands were 65-74 years old at baseline. First, a latent growth model indicated that a husband’s and wife’s marital satisfaction trajectories decreased over time. Second, a parallel latent growth model indicated that a husband’s marital satisfaction trajectories decreased more quickly, when the initial level of their own marital satisfaction was higher (husband’s actor-effect); in addition, a wife’s marital satisfaction trajectories also decreased more quickly, when the initial level of their own marital satisfaction was higher (wife’s actor-effect). Wife’s marital satisfaction trajectories decreased more slowly, when the initial level of their husband’s marital satisfaction was higher (husband’s partner-effect); however, the husband’s slope was not associated with the initial level of their wife’s. The methodological value of this work shows the application of a parallel latent growth model that includes the actor and partner effect of APIM. The findings extend our understanding of longitudinal marital dynamics between couples and promote a study on the trajectories of marital satisfaction at stages of the family life cycle.

만성질환 진단이 노인의 우울수준에 미치는 영향: 주요 5대 만성질환의 초기 진단기를 중심으로

박민경(Min Kyoung Park),조규영(Kyuyoung Cho) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 노인인구의 급속한 증가에 따른 만성질환자 증가 추이를 고려하여, 만성질환에 의한 정신건강 악화에 대해 다루고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 한국인의 사망원인 중에서 상위를 차지하는 5가지의 주요 만성질환(당뇨병, 암, 만성폐질환, 심장질환, 뇌혈관 질환)을 선정하였다. 1-2차년도 고령화연구패널조사(KLoSA)에 참여한 45세 이상의 중고령자를 대상으로, 만성질환 진단자로의 전이와 우울 수준이 어떠한 관계가 있는지 살펴보았다. 연구방법은 SPSS 25.0을 사용한 다중회귀분석을 실시하여, 만성질환자로 전이한 경우 및 5가지 각 질환별 전이한 경우가 우울에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면, 만성질환 진단자로 전이는 우울수준을 유의미하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 질환별로 살펴보았을 때, 암, 만성 폐질환, 뇌혈관 질환이 진단된 중고령자는 우울 수준이 높아졌으나, 당뇨병과 심장질환이 진단된 경우는 우울에 유의한 영향을 미친다는 증거가 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 만성질환자로의 전이와 우울관리에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다. This study explored whether the transition to living with a chronic disease changes the level of depression symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in South Korea. We hypothesize that the transition to living with chronic disease leads to a higher level of depressive symptoms. A nationally representative sample (N = 6,284) of adults 45 years and older from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) was analyzed. Multi-regression modeling was used to examine the association between the diagnosis of chronic disease and the level of depressive symptoms in patients. The findings highlight the need for policy makers, clinicians, as well as patients and their caregivers to become more aware of mental health risks in patients diagnosed with chronic diseases, particularly first-time patients. This study contributes to encouraging greater psychosocial support, including monitoring the level of depressive symptoms of patients who develop chronic conditions and providing appropriate treatments for those at the highest risk.

Monitoring Small Area Growth with GIS

Seong-Youn Choi(최성연),Ping Wang,Elizabeth Delgado,Sung Ho Ryu(류성호),Kyuyoung Cho(조규영) 서울연구원 2008 서울도시연구 Vol.9 No.4