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Alternative optical concept for electron cyclotron emission imaging.
Liu, J X,Milbourne, T,Bitter, M,Delgado-Aparicio, L,Dominguez, A,Efthimion, P C,Hill, K W,Kramer, G J,Kung, C,Kubota, S,Kasparek, W,Lu, J,Pablant, N A,Park, H,Tobias, B American Institute of Physics 2014 Review of scientific instruments Vol.85 No.11
<P>The implementation of advanced electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) systems on tokamak experiments has revolutionized the diagnosis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activities and improved our understanding of instabilities, which lead to disruptions. It is therefore desirable to have an ECEI system on the ITER tokamak. However, the large size of optical components in presently used ECEI systems have, up to now, precluded the implementation of an ECEI system on ITER. This paper describes a new optical ECEI concept that employs a single spherical mirror as the only optical component and exploits the astigmatism of such a mirror to produce an image with one-dimensional spatial resolution on the detector. Since this alternative approach would only require a thin slit as the viewing port to the plasma, it would make the implementation of an ECEI system on ITER feasible. The results obtained from proof-of-principle experiments with a 125 GHz microwave system are presented.</P>
HIGH TEMPERATURE STRENGTH OF HYDROGEN ANNEALED SILICON WAFER
Matsushita, J.,Xin, P.,Hayashi, K.,Fujii, O.,Kawamura, N.,Kawakami, T.,Numano, M.,Kubota, H.,Matsushita, Y. 한국재료학회 1995 Fabrication and Characterization of Advanced Mater Vol.1 No.1
High temperature strength of hydrogen annealed silicaon wafer was investiaged. Wafers were 150mm in diameter, Czochralski-grown(100) silicon crystal. Silicon wafers were annealed at $1200^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour in a hydrogen atmosphere with a heating rate of $10^{\circ}C/min$ and $20^{\circ}C/min$ in an hot-wall furnace. Oxygen precipitate density in slow heating rate sample and rapid heating rate sample were $2{\times}10^{9}/cm^3$ and $3{\times}10^{7}/cm^3$, respectively. Decreasing the heating rate increases the oxygen precipitate density. The strength was measured by the three-point bending test at $1000^{\circ}C$ using strip-shpaped samples cult from silicon wafer. The maximum resolved shear stress($T_{max}$) at the specimen surface converted from the maximum load was dependent on strain rate and oxygen precipitate density constained in the silicon wafer. The $T_{max}$, 20.5 MPa for as-received samples, was reduced to 17.9MPa in slow heating rate sample. On the other hand, the $T_{max}$ was almost the same as 20.3 MPa in rapid heating rate sample under a strain rate of $6.9{\times}10^{-6}/s$ at $1000^{\circ}C$.
takayuki Kobayashi,J. Kohagura,K. Matama,M. Yoshikawa,T. Cho,Y. Kubota 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
In the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror, impurity ion radiation profiles were measured in two types of discharge and these discharges had different electron density regions. Applying the collisional radiative model, we evaluated the impurity density profiles. Then impurity penetration from plasma edge into the core was estimated by considering the particle balance equation. It is shown that each discharge mode has a different decay length of impurity atom.gn
SHAPE-SELECTIVE ISOPROPYLATION OF BIPHENYL OVER DEALUMINATED H-MORDENITES
Sugi, Y,Kim, J.H,Matsuzaki, T,Hanaoka, T,Kubota, Y,Tu, X,Matusmoto, M 전남대학교 촉매연구소 1993 촉매학술발표회 Vol.- No.10
Shape-selective alkylation using zeolitc is a useful way to introduce functional groups symmeetrically to aromatic hydrocarbons. One of important development on shape-selective catalysis achieved recently is the success in isopropylation of polynuclear aromatics, such as biphinyl and naphthalene over H-mordenite[1-5]. However, the mechanism of the catalysis related to solid acid sites and steric requirement in zeolite pores have not been fully understood. In this paper, we examine the isopropylation of biphenyland the ismerization of 4,4'-diisopropylbiphenyl over highly dealuminated H-mordenites, and discuss the mechanism of the catalysis.
Dawn and photoperiod sensing by phytochrome A
Seaton, Daniel D.,Toledo-Ortiz, Gabriela,Ganpudi, Ashwin,Kubota, Akane,Imaizumi, Takato,Halliday, Karen J. National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.41
<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>The changing seasons subject plants to a variety of challenging environments. To deal with this, many plants have mechanisms for inferring the season by measuring the duration of daylight in a day. A number of well-known seasonal responses such as flowering are responsive to daylength or photoperiod. Here, we describe how the photoreceptor protein phytochrome A senses short photoperiods. This arises from its accumulation during long nights, as happens during winter, and subsequent activation by light at dawn. As a result of this response, the abundance of red anthocyanin pigments is increased in short photoperiods. Thus, we describe a mechanism underlying a seasonal phenotype in an important model plant species.</P><P>In plants, light receptors play a pivotal role in photoperiod sensing, enabling them to track seasonal progression. Photoperiod sensing arises from an interaction between the plant’s endogenous circadian oscillator and external light cues. Here, we characterize the role of phytochrome A (phyA) in photoperiod sensing. Our metaanalysis of functional genomic datasets identified phyA as a principal regulator of morning-activated genes, specifically in short photoperiods. We demonstrate that <I>PHYA</I> expression is under the direct control of the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR transcription factors, PIF4 and PIF5. As a result, phyA protein accumulates during the night, especially in short photoperiods. At dawn, phyA activation by light results in a burst of gene expression, with consequences for physiological processes such as anthocyanin accumulation. The combination of complex regulation of <I>PHYA</I> transcript and the unique molecular properties of phyA protein make this pathway a sensitive detector of both dawn and photoperiod.</P>