Importance of Physical Protection - Cybersecurity Interface and Development of Related Training Program

Yeonwook Kang,Byungwoo Sin 한국방사성폐기물학회 2021 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2021 No.06

기억의 신경심리학적 평가

강연욱 대한치매학회 2004 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.3 No.2

Based on the Squire's and the Tulving & Schacter's models about memory system, the neuropsychological evaluation of human memory for clinical purposes usually consists of 7 areas; Orientation, immediate memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, implicit memory, remote memory, and prospective memory. Numerous, seemingly disparate processes such as encoding and acquisition of information, retention and retrieval, rate of decay, and interference effect are assessed in both the verbal and nonverbal modalities for each area. Standardized tests that are normed, reliable, and valid tests as well as a more behavioral or functional measures provided by direct observation, self-reports, or interviews have been used for the evaluation. The majority of patients with memory impairments have other cognitive deficits as well. The poor performance on memory tests may be at least partly attributable to the deficits of other cognitive functions such as attention, information processing, and executive function. Therefore, a comprehensive cognitive assessment is recommended to examine the nature of memory disorders. A complicating factor in the memory assessment of older adults is that appropriate norms for the elderly group may not be available. More age- and cohort-specific norms for the elderly population are needed.

대학생활부적응(Mt)척도의 타당도 및 유용성에 관한 연구

강연욱, 이민희 충북대학교 학생생활연구소 1995 學生生活硏究 Vol.20 No.1

본문참고

치매환자들을 대상으로 한 K-MMSE의 타당도연구

강연욱,나덕렬,한승혜 대한신경과학회 1997 대한신경과학회지 Vol.15 No.2

수원대학교 학생을 위한 Fintech Model

홍석우,강연욱,김정원,김현수,서명수,임종민 水原大學校 2016 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

Recently, FinTech technologies that are based on smartphones, create many new business models, and replace the existing banking industry. In accordance with these trends, Fintech model for college students that are one of the major consumer group is expected to be appeared quickly. In this study, we will suggest and design Fintech concept model & major service that are based on smartphones which gives students of the University of Suwon the convinence of a school life.

의미자질분석 중재에 따른 장노년층의 이름대기 및 인지능력 변화

김정완(JungWan Kim),강연욱(Yeonwook Kang),이호영(Ho-Young Lee),(Jaihyun Kim),윤지혜(Ji Hye Yoon) 한국언어청각임상학회 2019 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.24 No.1

배경 및 목적: 단어 찾기 어려움이나 이름대기 장애는 노화과정에서 빈번히 관찰된다. 치매나 인지장애로 진행하기 전, 전임상단계의 장노년층에게 이름대기 어려움에 대한 중재를 실시하여 이름대기 능력을 증진시키고 더 나아가 뇌가소성과 기능적 재조직화의 측면에서 두뇌 기능을 활성화시킬 수 있다면, 이러한 중재프로그램은 장노년층과 치매 환자들의 의사소통장애를 중재하는 도구로서 사용될수 있을 뿐만 아니라 인지저하를 예방하는 한 방법이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 주관적 또는 객관적 이름대기 어려움을 보이는 장노년층을 대상으로 의미자질분석을 활용한 이름대기장애 중재프로그램의 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 55­84세 사이의 장노년층 273명을 대상으로 선별검사를 실시한 후, 연구참여를 희망하고 동의한 42명을 대상으로 보스톤 이름대기검사 규준에 근거하여 이름대기 정상 집단과 비정상 집단으로 구분하였다. 의미범주별 개방형 유도질문과 격자표를 활용한 총 20회기의 의미자질분석 중재를 실시하였다. 이름대기 및 인지능력에서의 중재효과는 집단(정상/이상집단) 및 검사 시기(사전­사후)의 주효과와 상호작용효과로 비교하였다. 결과: K­BNT의 정반수와 프로브 검사의 정반응수 및 반응시간에서는 사전에 비해 사후 검사의 수행력이 개선되었으나 K­BNT 반응시간에 서는 차이가 없었다. 또한, 인지검사 중, COWAT의 음소유창성, SVLT­E의 즉각회상 및 지연회상 과제에서 사전­사후 검사 간 유의한 수행력 증가가 관찰되었다. 논의 및 결론: 본 연구결과는 장노년층의 이름대기 장애가 전반적인 의미체계상의 네트워크를 활성화하는 방식을 통해 개선될 수 있음을 보여준다. Objectives: Difficulty in word finding and retrieval frequently occurs during the normal aging process. Interventions in middle-aged or elderly adults in the preclinical stage may possibly improve naming ability and further promote brain function in terms of brain plasticity and functional reorganization. If so, this intervention can be used not only to treat communication disorders among middle-aged or older dementia patients, but also to prevent cognitive decline. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a semantic feature analysis intervention program in middle-aged and older adults with subjective or objective naming difficulties. Methods: Forty-two participants, aged 55 to 84 years, were screened using a cognitive communication test and divided into two groups of healthy and abnormal participants using the Korean Boston Naming Test (K-BNT) criteria. All participants received a total of 20 sessions of intervention using open-ended induction questions by semantic category and home assignment using a grid. Neuropsychological evaluations and detailed language evaluations were conducted before and after the intervention to assess behavioral changes. Results: All participants had better accuracy on the KBNT and better accuracy and reaction time in the post-treatment probe test than in the pre-treatment condition regardless of objective naming difficulty. In addition, with regard to cognitive functions, significant improvements in the word fluency test (phonemic) and verbal learning test (immediate and delayed recalls) were observed. Conclusion: The results suggest that word finding difficulties or naming impairments can be improved by activating the network for the whole semantic system.

Category Norms for Korean Adults Age 55 to 74

JungWan Kim(김정완),Yeonwook Kang(강연욱),Ji Hye Yoon(윤지혜) 한국언어청각임상학회 2015 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.20 No.4

55-74세 성인의 명사 범주 규준(본보기 산출빈도와 전형성)을 조사하여 향후 신경언어장애 환자군의 이름대기 중재를 위한 치료자극 항목의 선정에 이용될 수 있는 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 방법: 정상 성인 401명이 연구에 참여하였다. 1단계(220명)에서는 총 10개 명사 범주(옷, 주방용품, 소지품, 채소, 가구, 교통수단, 학용품, 전자제품, 꽃, 동물)에 대한 생성이름대기를 각 1분간 실시하였다. 2단계(216명)에서는 1단계에서 얻은 결과로 각 범주별 본보기의 평균 반응수와 본보기 종류의 총수를 산정한 후, 각 범주별 상위 30위까지의 본보기들에 대한 의미전형성을 7점 척도로 평정하도록 하였다. 결과: 50-70대 성인들의 의미 네트워크는 범주 유창성 과제의 범주 목록에 따라, 그리고 연령 및 성별에 따라 변별적으로 달라짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 논의 및 결론: 연구 결과는 연령에 기초한 의미 범주에 대한 정상규준 마련의 필요성을 보여준다. 본 연구는 향후 신경언어장애 환자군의 이름대기 중재 프로그램을 개발하는데 있어 자극항목 선정 시 염두에 두어야 할 객관적인 기초자료를 제공하는 데 그 의의가 있다. 또한, 본 자료는 한국 성인의 의미적 구조나 의미자질을 이용한 이름대기 중재 효과를 살펴보는 후속 연구의 기초를 제공한다. This study seeks to provide preliminary data on the production frequency and typicality of noun exemplars by semantic category for Korean adults age 55 to 74. Methods: A total of 401 individuals participated in the study. The study was divided into two parts. In experiment 1 (N=220), the subjects were given generative naming tasks from ten categories: clothing, kitchen utensils, personal belongings, vegetables, furniture, transportation, school supplies, electronic devices, flowers, and animals. In experiment 2 (N=216), the mean number of production and number of different words of noun exemplars were evaluated. The semantic typicality of each noun exemplar obtained from experiment 1 was also rated. Results: The category of items in fluency tasks, along with age and gender has a distinctive influence on the semantic networks of adults age 55 to 74. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that age-specific Korean category norms and data for semantic typicality are needed. In addition, these results are clinically meaningful given that they provide preliminary data to select stimuli item for naming treatment programs of patients with neurogenic language disorders. This study also provides a basis for future study on the internal structure of semantic networks in Korean adults and the efficacy of semantic feature analysis in naming treatment.

혈관성 치매와 알츠하이머형 치매의 단어 유창성 비교

박재설(Jaeseol Park),강연욱(Yeonwook Kang),장은주(Eun Joo Chang),오은아(Euna Oh),유경호(Kyung Ho Yu),이병철(Byuug Chul Lee) 한국언어청각임상학회 2006 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.11 No.3

본 연구는 혈관성 치매 환자들(VD)과 알츠하이머형 치매 환자들(DAT)의 단어 유창성을 비교하여 단어 유창성 검사에서 요구되는 인지과정인 군집화와 전환에 두 치매 집단이 어떤 결함을 지니고 있는지를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 치매 집단은 치매의 초기 단계에 속하는 37명의 VD와 44명의 DAT로 구성되었고 66명의 정상 노인(NE)이 통제집단으로 참여하였다. 대상자들에게는 의미(동물)와 음소(ㄱ,ㅇ,ㅅ) 유창성 검사를 실시하였고, 각 검사에서 4개의 점수(정반응 수, 군집 크기, 전환 수 및 오류 수)를 산출하였다. 그 결과, VD와 DAT는 모두 치매의 초기부터 단어 유창성 검사에서 정상노인들보다 현저하게 낮은 수행을 나타내지만 군집화와 전환의 결함 여부 및 결함이 나타나는 시점은 서로 다르다는 사실이 밝혀졌다. 이 결과가 VD와 DAT의 변별에 어떤 함의를 가지는지 논의하였다. The present study was conducted to examine the deficits of clustering and switching processes on the semantic and phonemic fluencies in 57 vascular dementia(VD), 44 Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type(DAT), and 66 normal elderly(NE). All the patients were in very mild to mild level of dementia (CDR≤1.0). The subjects were given the tests of phonemic(ㄱ, ㅇ, ㅅ) and semantic fluency(animals). The following 4 types of scores were obtained from each test: (a) total number of words generated, excluding errors; (b) mean clustering size; (c) number of switches; and (d) number of errors (repetitions and intrusion). The results found that both VD and DAT, even at the early stages of dementia, showed significantly lower performance on the verbal fluency test than the NE did. The types and timing of deficits in clustering and switching processed between two dementia groups. We discussed their implications on the differentiation between VD and DAT.

A Comparison of the Performance between the 60- and 120-Second Conditions of the Korean-Color Word Stroop Test: Color Reading (K-CWST: CR)

Lee Sun Hwa,Kang Yeonwook,Song Minji,김건하,정지향 대한치매학회 2021 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.20 No.4

Background and Purpose: The Korean-Color Word Stroop Test: Color Reading (K-CWST: CR) included in the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery, 2nd Edition (SNSB-II) examines inhibitory control deficit. It provides normative data for both 60- and 120-second conditions, but the validity of the 60-second condition has not yet been proven. This study examined the validity of the 60-second condition by observing concordance between the performances in cognitively normal, MCI, and mild dementia groups. Methods: There were 1,336 patients performed the SNSB-II, including the K-CWST: CR. Based on the cognitive test results, activities of daily living, and clinical interview, the patients were assigned to normal cognition (n=104), MCI (n=884), or mild dementia (n=348) groups. Abnormal performance on the K-CWST: CR was operationally defined as 1SD below the normative mean. The receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to compare the discriminability between the 60- and 120-second conditions. Results: The percentages of abnormal performance in the MCI group were 41.5% and 42.3%, and those in the mild dementia group were 82.7% and 82.4% for the 60- and 120-second conditions, respectively. The areas under the curve for the 60- and 120-seconds were as follows; 0.80 and 0.81 in differentiating normal from MCI; 0.95 and 0.96 in normal from mild dementia; and 0.77 and 0.77 in MCI from mild dementia. Conclusions: The 60-second condition of the K-CWST showed very similar results, not statistically different from the 120-second condition. Therefore, the 60-second condition could be used interchangeably with the 120-second condition in a clinical setting.

3D Training Scenarios Development for Inspection of Nuclear Material in Transit Using Virtual Reality Technology

Donghyun Kim,Jae-Kwang Kim,Yeonwook Kang 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

A person who performs or plans to conduct a physical protection inspection as stipulated by the law, the act on physical protection and radiological emergency, should obtain an inspector’s ID card certified and authorized by Nuclear Safety and Security Commission Order No.137 (referred to as Order 137). In addition, according to Order 137, KINAC has been operating some training courses for those with the inspector’s ID card or intending to acquire it. Also, strenuous efforts have been put to incrementally elevate their inspection related expertise. Since Republic of Korea has to import uranium enriched less than 20% in order to manufacture fuels of nuclear reactors in domestic and abroad, the physical protection for categorization III nuclear material in transit is significantly important along with an increase in transport. The expertise of inspectors should be constantly needed to strengthen as the increase in transport leads to an increase in inspection of nuclear material in transit. We have suggested a special way to improve the inspector’s capacities through Virtual Reality technology (VR). A 3-Dimensional virtual space was designed and developed using a 3-axis simulator and VR equipment for practical training. HP’s Reverb G2 product, which was developed in collaboration with VALVE Corporation and MicroSoft, was used as VR equipment, and the 3-axis motion simulator was developed by M-line STUDIO corp. in Korea for the purpose of realizing virtual reality. The training scenarios of transport inspection consist of three parts: preparation at the shipping point, transport in route including stops and handover at the receiving point. At the departure point, scenario of the transport preparation is composed with the contents of checking the transport-related documents which should be carried by shipper and/or carrier during transport and confirming who the shipper and/or carrier is. Second, scenario is designed for inspector to experience how carrier and/or shipper protect the nuclear material during transport or stops for rests or contingency and how they communicate with each other during transport. Lastly, scenario is developed focusing on key check items during handover of responsibilities to the facility operator at the destination. Those training scenarios can be adopted to strengthen the capabilities of those with inspector’s ID card of physical protection in accordance with Order 137 and to help new inspectors acquire inspectionrelated expertise. In addition, they can be used for domestic education to promote understanding of nuclear security, or may be used for education for people overseas for the purpose of export of nuclear facilities.