Peroxiredoxin II promotes hepatic tumorigenesis through cooperation with Ras/Forkhead box M1 signaling pathway

Park, Y-H,Kim, S-U,Kwon, T-H,Kim, J-M,Song, I-S,Shin, H-J,Lee, B-K,Bang, D-H,Lee, S-J,Lee, D-S,Chang, K-T,Kim, B-Y,Yu, D-Y Macmillan Publishers Limited 2016 Oncogene Vol.35 No.27

<P>The current study was carried out to define the involvement of Peroxiredoxin (Prx) II in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying molecular mechanism(s). Expression and function of Prx II in HCC was determined using H-ras(G12V)-transformed HCC cells (H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells) and the tumor livers from H-ras(G12V)-transgenic (Tg) mice and HCC patients. Prx II was upregulated in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells and H-ras(G12V)-Tg mouse tumor livers, the expression pattern of which highly similar to that of forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1). Moreover, either knockdown of FoxM1 or site-directed mutagenesis of FoxM1-binding site of Prx II promoter significantly reduced Prx II levels in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells, indicating FoxM1 as a direct transcription factor of Prx II in HCC. Interestingly, the null mutation of Prx II markedly decreased the number and size of tumors in H-ras(G12V)-Tg livers. Consistent with this, knockdown of Prx II in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells reduced the expression of cyclin D1, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and tumor formation in athymic nude mice, whereas overexpression of Prx II increased or aggravated the tumor phenotypes. Importantly, the expression of Prx II was correlated with that of FoxM1 in HCC patients. The activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway and the expression of FoxM1 and cyclin D1 were highly dependent on Prx II in H-ras(G12V)-HCC cells and H-ras(G12V)-Tg livers. Prx II is FoxM1-dependently- expressed antioxidant in HCC and function as an enhancer of Ras(G12V) oncogenic potential in hepatic tumorigenesis through activation of ERK/FoxM1/cyclin D1 cascade.</P>

Evaluation of the zoonotic potential of a novel reassortant H1N2 swine influenza virus with gene constellation derived from multiple viral sources

Lee, J.H.,Pascua, P.N.Q.,Decano, A.G.,Kim, S.M.,Park, S.J.,Kwon, H.I.,Kim, E.H.,Kim, Y.I.,Kim, H.,Kim, S.Y.,Song, M.S.,Jang, H.K.,Park, B.K.,Choi, Y.K. Elsevier Science 2015 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.34 No.-

In 2011-2012, contemporary North American-like H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) possessing the 2009 pandemic H1N1 matrix gene (H3N2pM-like virus) were detected in domestic pigs of South Korea where H1N2 SIV strains are endemic. More recently, we isolated novel reassortant H1N2 SIVs bearing the Eurasian avian-like swine H1-like hemagglutinin and Korean swine H1N2-like neuraminidase in the internal gene backbone of the H3N2pM-like virus. In the present study, we clearly provide evidence on the genetic origins of the novel H1N2 SIVs virus through genetic and phylogenetic analyses. In vitro studies demonstrated that, in comparison with a pre-existing 2012 Korean H1N2 SIV [A/swine/Korea/CY03-1½012 (CY03-1½012)], the 2013 novel reassortant H1N2 isolate [A/swine/Korea/CY0423/2013 (CY0423-12/2013)] replicated more efficiently in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells. The CY0423-12/2013 virus induced higher viral titers than the CY03-1½012 virus in the lungs and nasal turbinates of infected mice and nasal wash samples of ferrets. Moreover, the 2013 H1N2 reassortant, but not the intact 2012 H1N2 virus, was transmissible to naive contact ferrets via respiratory-droplets. Noting that the viral precursors have the ability to infect humans, our findings highlight the potential threat of a novel reassortant H1N2 SIV to public health and underscore the need to further strengthen influenza surveillance strategies worldwide, including swine populations.

냉축열을 위한 H₂O-NaCl 혼합물의 상변화 온도와 잠열 특성분석

송현갑(H.K.Song),노정근(J.G.Ro) 한국태양에너지학회 1999 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.19 No.2

H₂0-NaCl혼합물을 냉축열재로 선택하였으며, 이 혼합물의 상변화온도를 몰농도 변화에 의하여 조절하였다. 그리고 고농도와 저농도의 NaCl과 H₂0가 ion-dipole interaction으로 결합하는 구조를 그림으로 가시화하고 가열, 냉각과정에서 H₂0-NaCl이 동결, 융해하는 현상을 도시하므로서 융해와 동결과정에서 상변화온도가 2단계로 나타나는 구조적 원인을 구명하였으며, NaCl의 농도변화에 따른 상변화온도를 이론적으로 분석하므로서 실험 및 이론분석 결과의 타당성을 증명할 수 있도록 하였다. In this study H₂0-NaCl mixture was selected as a cold thermal storage material and its phase change temperature(liquid>solid) was controlled with the molar concentration of NaCl.<br/> Ion dipole interaction mechanism and the fusion and crystallization structure of H₂O-NaCl were visualized' with the low and high concentration of NaCl in the heating and cooling processes.<br/> In this study, the original cause of the appearance of two steps phase change period in heating and cooing processes were found by the visualization of the ion dipole interaction mechanism of H₂O- NaCl, and the theoretical equation of the phase change temperature variation in the NaCl high molar concentration was rearranged.

Monitoring of atmospheric reduced sulfur compounds and their oxidation in two coastal landfill areas

Song, S.-K.,Shon, Z.-H.,Kim, K.-H.,Cheon Kim, S.,Kim, Y.-K.,Kim, J.-K. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2007 Atmospheric environment Vol.41 No.5

In this study, the distribution characteristics of reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) in ambient air were investigated in two coastal landfill (LF) facilities and their surrounding areas. The photochemical conversion of RSCs to sulfur dioxide (SO<SUB>2</SUB>) was also evaluated using a photochemical box model (PCBM). Measurements of RSCs were carried out from both in and around areas of two coastal LFs in Gunsan (G) and Donghae (D) city, Korea during several field campaigns (May through December 2004). The dominant RSCs at the Gunsan landfill (G-LF) were found to be DMS and H<SUB>2</SUB>S, whereas those at the Donghae landfill (D-LF) were H<SUB>2</SUB>S and DMDS. The concentrations of DMS at these study sites were likely to be affected not only by LF processes but also by an oceanic source, while such a pattern was more prominent at the D-LF. The chemical species of RSCs that can exert significant influences on the photochemical production of SO<SUB>2</SUB> in the LF environment were identified to be H<SUB>2</SUB>S, DMS, or DMDS.

Biological evaluation of anti-influenza viral activity of semi-synthetic catechin derivatives

Song, J.M.,Park, K.D.,Lee, K.H.,Byun, Y.H.,Park, J.H.,Kim, S.H.,Kim, J.H.,Seong, B.L. Elsevier/North-Holland 2007 ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH Vol.76 No.2

Catechin derivatives with different alkyl chain length and aromatic ring substitutions at the 3-hydroxyl group were synthesized from epigallocatechin (EGC) and (+)-catechin (C) and their anti-influenza viral activity were evaluated in vitro and in ovo. Pronounced antiviral activity was observed for derivatives carrying moderate chain length (7-9 carbons) as compared to those with aromatic rings, whereas the 5'-hydroxyl group of the trihydroxy benzyl moiety did not significantly contribute to antiviral activity. The derivatives exerted inhibitory effects for all six influenza subtypes tested including three major types of currently circulating human influenza viruses (A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B type), H2N2 and H9N2 avian influenza virus. The compounds strongly inhibited adsorption of the viruses on red blood cell (RBC). They also restricted the growth of avian influenza virus in ovo with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 5-10μM far exceeding the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor oseltamivir or M2 proton channel inhibitor amantadine. The antiviral activity appears to be mediated by interaction with hemagglutinin (HA)/viral membrane rendering HA less fusogenic at the initial stage of infection. The broad spectrum activity against various subtypes of influenza viruses may complement the limitations of current antivirals and contribute for managing potentially emerging influenza pandemic. The structure-activity data of catechin derivatives may usefully guideline future research endeavors for applying green tea catechins as alternative anti-viral agents.

受精能獲得精子와 山羊卵子의 體外受精에 관한 硏究

송해범,심금섭 대구대학교 농업과학연구소 1987 農業科學硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Ejaculated and/or epididymal spermatozoa of goats were preincubated for 4-6 h in the isolated genital tracts from hamsters, gilts and goats, or for 3-8 h in m-KRB solution. After preincubation, they inseminated the goat ovulated eggs collected shortly after ovulation and/or the follicular oocytes with intact and without cumulus cells cultured for 25 h in m-KRB solution, and the oocytes with dispersed cumulus cells which were not cultured. The results obtained were as follows. (1) None of the ovulated eggs were fertilized after insemination with ejaculated and epididymal spermatozoa preincubated for 4-5 h in the isolated genital tracts from hamsters, gilts and goats. But 50 and 38% of the ovulated eggs were fertilized with epididymal sermatozoa preincubated for 5 and 6 h in m-KRB solution, respectively. (2) None of the follicular oocytes were fertilized after insemination with ejaculated spermatozoa preincubated for 4-6 h in the uteri isolated from hamsters and goats, and with epididymal spermatozoa preincubated for 4-6 h in the isolated hamster uterus. But 38% of the follicular oocytes were fertilized with epididymal spermatozoa preincubated for 5 h in the isolated goat uterus. (3) After further culture with spermatozoa for 18-24 h, 50-89, 89 and 14-33% of the oocytes with intact, with dispersed and without cumulus cells had matured to the second metaphase, respectively. (4) When epididymal spermatozoa were preincubated for 5 h at the concentration of 4.2x10^(8)/ml and 6 h at the concentration of 3.5x10^(8)/ml in m-KRB solution, 36 and 33% of the oocytes with intact cumulus cells were fertilized. (5) The results suggested that epididymal spermatozoa can be capacitated in m-KRB solution, and that the follicular oocytes matured in culture could be used for the study of fertilization in vitro instead of the ovulated eggs.

냉축열을 위한 H₂O - NaCl 혼합물의 상변화 온도와 잠열 특성분석

송현갑(H. K. Song),노정근(J. G. Ro) 한국태양에너지학회 1999 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

H₂O-NaCl혼합물을 냉축열재로 선택하였으며, 이 혼합물의 상변온도를 물농도 변화에 의하여 조절하였다. 그리고 고농도와 저농도의 NaCl과 H₂O가 Ion-dipole interaction으로 결합하는 구조를 그림으로 가시화하고 가열, 냉각과정에서 H₂O-NaCl이 동결, 융해하는 현상을 도시하므로서 융해와 동결과정에서 상변화온도가 2단계로 나타나는 구조적 원인을 구명하였으며, NaCl의 농도변화에 따른 상변온도를 이론적으로 분석하므로서 실험 및 이론분석 결과의 타당성을 증명할 수 있도록 하였다. In this study H₂O-NaCl mixture was selected as the thermal storage material and it's phase change temperature(liquid⇔solid) was controlled with the molar concentration of Nacl.<br/> Ion dipole interaction mechanism and the fusion and crystallization structure of H₂O-NaCl were visualized with the low and high concentration of NaCl in the heating and cooling processes.<br/> The original cause of the appearance of two steps phase change period in each process was found by the visualization of the ion dipole interaction mechanism of H₂O-NaCl, and the theoretical model of the phase change temperature variation with the NaCl molar concentration was developed.

Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of Ce1−z Pr z Fe4−x Co x Sb12 Skutterudites

Song, K. M.,Shin, D. K.,Jang, K. W.,Choi, S. M.,Lee, S.,Seo, W. S.,Kim, I. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of electronic materials Vol.46 No.5

<P>p-Type Ce1-z Pr (z) Fe4-x Co (x) Sb-12 skutterudites were prepared by encapsulated melting, quenching, annealing, and hot pressing. While the skutterudite phase was successfully synthesized, a small amount of the secondary phase (FeSb2) was observed. According to the scanning electron microscope analysis, (Ce,Pr)Sb-2 phases were also observed for Co-substituted specimens (x = 0.5). The electrical conductivity decreased with increasing temperature, implying a degenerate semiconductor behavior, and also decreased with increasing Co contents. All specimens showed p-type characteristics having positive signs of the Hall coefficient and the Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient increased with increasing temperature and reached a maximum value at 823 K. The power factor (PF) increased with decreasing Co content and Ce0.75Pr0.25 Fe4Sb12 showed a peak value of PF = 3.2 mW m(-1) K-2 at 823 K. The electronic thermal conductivity decreased with increasing Co contents and the lattice thermal conductivity decreased with decreasing Ce and Co contents at high temperature. The thermal conductivity increased at temperatures above 623 K due to bipolar conduction. The dimensionless figurea of pound merit (ZT) showed a maximum value of ZT = 0.84 at 823 K for Ce0.25Pr0.75Fe4Sb12.</P>

Experimental infection of mandarin duck with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8 and H5N1) viruses

Kang, H.M.,Lee, E.K.,Song, B.M.,Heo, G.B.,Jung, J.,Jang, I.,Bae, Y.C.,Jung, S.C.,Lee, Y.J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2017 Veterinary microbiology Vol.198 No.-

<P>A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus was first detected in poultry and wild birds in South Korea in January 2014. Here, we determined the pathogenicity and transmissibility of three different clades of 1-15 viruses in mandarin ducks to examine the potential for wild bird infection. H5N8 (Glade 2.3.4.4) replicated more efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tract of mandarin ducks than two previously identified H5N1 virus clades (clades 2.2 and 2.3.2.1). However, none of the mandarin ducks infected with H5N8 and H5N1 viruses showed severe clinical signs or mortality, and gross lesions were only observed in a few tissues. Viral replication and shedding were greater in H5N8-infected ducks than in H5N1-infected ducks. Recovery of all viruses from control duck in contact with infected ducks indicated that the highly pathogenic H5 viruses spread horizontally through contact. Taken together, these results suggest that H5N8 viruses spread efficiently in mandarin ducks. Further studies of pathogenicity in wild birds are required to examine possible long-distance dissemination via migration routes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Thermal and Electrical Stabilities of Solid Nitrogen (SN2) Cooled YBCO Coated Conductors for HTS Magnet Applications

Song, J B,Kim, K J,Kim, K L,Lee, J H,Kim, H M,Lee, G H,Chang, H M,Park, D K,Ko, T K,Lee, H G IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.20 No.3

<P>Recently, a cooling system using a solid cryogen such as solid nitrogen (SN2), was introduced for high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet applications. In order to apply the SN2 cooling system successfully to HTS applications, it is essential to obtain sufficient data regarding the characteristics of the SN2-cooled YBCO-coated conductor (CC), including the thermal and electrical properties. Therefore, this study examined the effect of SN2 on the thermal/electrical stability of YBCO CC tape. The SN2 was produced by conduction cooling using a GM-cryocooler and cooled to 58 K. The voltages and temperatures of the YBCO CC tapes were measured while applying an over-current. The results showed that the thermal and electrical stability of the YBCO CC tape were improved considerably in the SN2 cooling system compared to that in the conduction cooling system.</P>