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Ju-Ryoun Soh,Nam-Seok Kim,Chan-Ho Oh,Suk-Heung Oh,Youn-Soo Cha 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.15 No.3
This study evaluated the effects of carnitine and/or GABA supplementation on immune function, lipid profiles and some vitamins in mice chronically administered alcohol. BALB/c mice were fed with either AIN-76 diet (N), control diet plus alcohol (4 g/㎏ bw, E), E plus 0.5 g/㎏ bw carnitine (EC), E plus 0.5 g/㎏ bw GABA (EG), or E plus 0.5 g/㎏ bw carnitine plus 0.5 g/㎏ bw GABA (ECG) for 6 weeks. Administrations of the carnitine and/or GABA prevented alcohol-induced increases in triglyceride concentrations in serum and liver. However, there was no difference among the supplemented groups. Serum vitamin E concentration was higher in mice supplemented with EC and EG, but not in mice given ECG. Phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages was increased in EG group compared with E group. The subpopulations of murine splenocyte’s TH cells were increased significantly in EC and ECG groups. These data suggest that immune function, lipid profiles and some immune-related lipid soluble vitamins were positively changed by supplementation of carnitine or GABA, but do not show any synergistic effect of mixed supplementation.
Soh, Ju-Ryoun,Kim, Nam-Seok,Oh, Chan-Ho,Oh, Suk-Heung,Cha, Youn-Soo The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2010 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.15 No.3
This study evaluated the effects of carnitine and/or GABA supplementation on immune function, lipid profiles and some vitamins in mice chronically administered alcohol. BALB/c mice were fed with either AIN-76 diet (N), control diet plus alcohol (4 g/kg bw, E), E plus 0.5 g/kg bw carnitine (EC), E plus 0.5 g/kg bw GABA (EG), or E plus 0.5 g/kg bw carnitine plus 0.5 g/kg bw GABA (ECG) for 6 weeks. Administrations of the carnitine and/or GABA prevented alcohol-induced increases in triglyceride concentrations in serum and liver. However, there was no difference among the supplemented groups. Serum vitamin E concentration was higher in mice supplemented with EC and EG, but not in mice given ECG. Phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages was increased in EG group compared with E group. The subpopulations of murine splenocyte's TH cells were increased significantly in EC and ECG groups. These data suggest that immune function, lipid profiles and some immune-related lipid soluble vitamins were positively changed by supplementation of carnitine or GABA, but do not show any synergistic effect of mixed supplementation.
Ju-Ryoun Soh,Tokuo T. Yamamoto,Youn-Soo Cha 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.2
To investigate the effects of the supplementation of carnitine and/or γ-aminobutric acid (GABA), Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet (control), a control diet plus ethanol (CE, 4 g ethanol/kg bw), CE plus L-carnitine (CEC, 0.5 g/kg bw), CE plus GABA (CEG, 0.5 g/kg bw), or CE plus L-carnitine plus GABA (CECG, 0.25 g/kg bw each) for 6 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the CE group and were decreased significantly in the CEC, CEG and CECG groups. HDL-cholesterol was increased and LDL-cholesterol was decreased in the CEG and CECG groups compared with the CE group. Serum GOT and GPT levels increased by the chronic ethanol administration were decreased in the CEC group. In addition, we have evaluated the mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I in those groups. Supplementation of carnitine/GABA had some recovery effects on the liver CPT-I mRNA levels which decreased by chronic ethanol administration. These results may suggest that supplementations of either L-carnitine or GABA are effective on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related symptoms, but no combined effects were shown.
Ju-Ryoun Soh,Youn-Soo Cha 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.1
This study investigated the effects of carnitine and/or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation on lipid profiles and some immune related nutrient in mice. Balb/c male mice were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet (Con), a control diet plus carnitine (CS, 0.5 g/kg bw), a control diet plus GABA (GS, 0.5 g/kg bw) or a control diet plus carnitine plus GABA (CGS, 0.25 g/kg bw, respectively) for 6 weeks. There were no significant differences in feed consumption, energy intake, body weight gain or feed efficiency ratio among the groups during the experimental period. However, abdominal fat deposits were smaller in CS, GS and CGS groups compared with the Con group. Serum and liver triglycerides also were lower in CS, GS and CGS and serum total cholesterol was significantly lower in the CGS group compared with the Con group. Serum LDL cholesterol was lower in the CGS group and liver HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in the CS group compared with Con group. In serum, stearic acid and selecholeic acid were lower, but arachidic acid was higher in the GS group. Liver stearic acid was higher but oleic acid lower in CGS group compared with Con group. In carnitine supplemented groups, serum and liver nonesterified carntine (NEC), acidsoluble acylcarnitine (ASAC), total carnitine (TCNE) concentrations were higher in only the CS group, not CGS group. Serum vitamin A and E concentrations were not different among the groups. These results may suggest that carnitine and/or GABA supplementation improves lipid profiles in mice, but did not affect the immune-related nutrients that we measured under the experimental conditions of this study.
Soh, Ju-Ryoun,Cha, Youn-Soo The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.1
This study investigated the effects of carnitine and/or ${\gamma}$ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation on lipid profiles and some immune related nutrient in mice. Balb/c male mice were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet (Con), a control diet plus carnitine (CS, 0.5 g/kg bw), a control diet plus GABA (GS, 0.5 g/kg bw) or a control diet plus carnitine plus GABA (CGS, 0.25 g/kg bw, respectively) for 6 weeks. There were no significant differences in feed consumption, energy intake, body weight gain or feed efficiency ratio among the groups during the experimental period. However, abdominal fat deposits were smaller in CS, GS and CGS groups compared with the Con group. Serum and liver triglycerides also were lower in CS, GS and CGS and serum total cholesterol was significantly lower in the CGS group compared with the Con group. Serum LDL cholesterol was lower in the CGS group and liver HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in the CS group compared with Con group. In serum, stearic acid and selecholeic acid were lower, but arachidic acid was higher in the CS group. Liver stearic acid was higher but oleic acid lower in CGS group compared with Con group. In carnitine supplemented groups, serum and liver nonesterified carnitine (NEC), acidsoluble acylcarnitine (ASAC), total carnitine (TCNE) concentrations were higher in only the CS group, not CGS group. Serum vitamin A and E concentrations were not different among the groups. These results may suggest that carnitine and/or GABA supplementation improves lipid profiles in mice, but did not affect the immune-related nutrients that we measured under the experimental conditions of this study.
Bonsun Koo,Ju-Ryoun Soh,Youn-soo Cha 한국영양학회 2006 Nutritional Sciences Vol.9 No.4
The purpose of this study was to determine the independent and the combined effects of cell cultured Acanthopanax senticosus extracts(ASE) supplementation and swimming exercise on body weight, lipid profile, carnitine and leptin levels in C57 BL/6J mice. Forty C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: non-supplement and non-exercise (NSNE); non-supplement and exercise (NSE); supplement and non-exercise (SNE); supplement and exercise (SE) mice. They were allowed free access to food and water. The exercised groups were forced to swim (1hr, 6 days a week) in a water bath for 12 weeks. The supplemented groups were fed Cell cultured ASE(0.5 g/㎏ body weight/day) for 12 weeks. In this study, we found that the combination of Cell cultured ASE supplementation and exercise significantly decreased liver triglyceride (TG) level and serum leptin level but significantly increased serum HDL-cholesterol level compare to control (NSNE) group. These improved lipid profiles and decreased serum leptin would have positive effects on obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Suk-Heung OH,Ju-Ryoun Soh,Youn-Soo Cha 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Journal of medicinal food Vol.6 No.2
Chronic ethanol abuse can cause liver damage and unfavorable lipid profiles in humans androdents. Phytonutrients have the potential to partially reverse some of the adverse effects ofalcoholism. In this study, a germinated brown rice grown under conditions that favor highconcentrations of g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was evaluated for protective effects againstthe toxic consequences of chronic ethanol use. Serum and hepatic lipid concentrations andenzymes indicative of liver damage were determined in mice chronically administeredethanol. Balb/c mice were fed with either AIN-76 diet (control), control diet plus ethanol, orcontrol diet plus ethanol and suplemental brown rice extract for 30 days. The extract natu-rally contained 841 nmol GABA per milliliter and was prepared from germinated brown rice.Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), liver aspartate aminotransferase, and liveralanine aminotransferase levels were increased in mice administered ethanol, but not in micegiven ethanol and brown rice extract. The brown rice extract significantly increased serumand liver high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. Furthermore, admin-istration of the extract prevented ethanol-induced increases in liver triglyceride and total cho-lesterol concentrations. These findings raise the possibility that brown rice extracts contain-ing a high level of GABA may have a nutraceutical role in the recovery from and preventionof chronic alcohol related diseases.15