Research on Gain Scheduling Controller of the Networked Control System with Long Delay

Jian-Qiu Deng,Hongbo Li,Cui Hao,Zeng-qi Sun 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2015 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.13 No.1

This paper addresses the stabilization and optimization problem of networked control systems (NCSs) with long time delays and parameter scheduling. According to the actual network conditions, the network time delay is divided into the fixed time delay and the random time delay. Then, the stabilization controller and the gain scheduling controller are constructed, where the stabilizing control parameters are obtained with cone complementary linearization (CCL) approach and the optimizing control parameters are solved with estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA). Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

The Relationship between HIF-2α and VEGF with Radiographic Severity in the Primary Osteoarthritic Knee

Zhou Jian-lin,Fang Hong-song,Peng Hao,Deng Shuang,Chen Shen,Li Jian-ping,Qiu Bo,Weng Jin-qing,Liu Feng 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of hypoxia-inducible factor-2 (HIF-2α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with radiographic severity in primary osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Expression of these two factors in cartilagesamples from OA knee joints was examined at mRNA and protein levels. Materials and Methods: Knee joints were examined using plain radiographs, and OA severity was assessed using the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading system. Specimens were collected from 29 patients (31 knees) who underwent total knee replacementbecause of severe medial OA of the knee (KL grades 3 and 4), 16 patients who underwent knee arthroscopy (KL grade 2), and 5 patients with traumatic knees (KL grade 0). HIF-2α and VEGF expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reactionand western blotting. Results: Cartilage degeneration correlated with the radiographic severity grade. OA severity, determined using the Mankin scale, correlated positively with the KL grade (r=0.8790, p<0.01), and HIF-2α and VEGF levels with the radiographic severity of knee OA (r=0.7001, p<0.05; r=0.6647, p<0.05). Conclusion: In OA cartilage, HIF-2α and VEGF mRNA and protein levels were significantly and positively correlated. The expressionof both factors correlated positively with the KL grade. HIF-2α and VEGF, therefore, may serve as biochemical markers as well as potential therapeutic targets in knee OA.

A missense variant in NCF1 is associated with susceptibility to multiple autoimmune diseases

Zhao, Jian,Ma, Jianyang,Deng, Yun,Kelly, Jennifer A,Kim, Kwangwoo,Bang, So-Young,Lee, Hye-Soon,Li, Quan-Zhen,Wakeland, Edward K,Qiu, Rong,Liu, Mengru,Guo, Jianping,Li, Zhanguo,Tan, Wenfeng,Rasmussen, Nature Pub. Co 2017 Nature genetics Vol.49 No.3

<P>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component characterized by autoantibody production and a type 1 interferon signatures. Here we report a missense variant (g.74779296G>A; p.Arg90His) in NCF1, encoding the p47phox subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2), as the putative underlying causal variant that drives a strong SLE-associated signal detected by the lmmunochip in the GTF2IRD1-GTF2I region at 7q11.23 with a complex genomic structure. We show that the p.Arg90His substitution, which is reported to cause reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production(2), predisposes to SLE (odds ratio (OR) = 3.47 in Asians (P-meta = 3.1 x 10(-104)), OR = 2.61 in European Americans, OR = 2.02 in African Americans) and other autoimmune diseases, including primary Sjogren's syndrome (OR = 2.45 in Chinese, OR = 2.35 in European Americans) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.65 in Koreans). Additionally, decreased and increased copy numbers of NCF1 predispose to and protect against SLE, respectively. Our data highlight the pathogenic role of reduced NOX2-derived ROS levels in autoimmune diseases.</P>

The influence of endogenous cathepsin in different subcellular fractions on the quality deterioration of Northern pike (Esox lucius) fillets during refrigeration and partial freezing storage

Hengheng Qiu,Xin Guo,Xiaorong Deng,Xiaobing Guo,Xiaoying Mao,Chengjian Xu,Jian Zhang 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.10

The purpose of this study was to investigate theendogenous cathepsin activity in each subcellular fractionand the effect of this activity on myofibrillar protein andtexture during refrigeration and partial freezing storage ofnorthern pike (Esox lucius) fillets. The results showed thatfillets stored under the refrigerated condition were moresusceptible to oxidation than partial freezing. Endogenouscathepsin activity indicated that partial freezing destroysthe integrity of lysosomes more effectively than refrigerationand inhibits the increase in cathepsin B and B ? L inlysosomes. The activity of cathepsin B and B ? L inlysosomes, mitochondria and myofibrils under the partialfreezing conditions was always lower than that underrefrigeration. Texture analysis showed that refrigerationhad a negative impact on hardness and springiness. Inconclusion, the cathepsin activity in each subcellularfraction was effectively inhibited and better textural characteristicswere obtained with partial freezing thanrefrigeration.

Preliminary numerical study of single bubble dynamics in swirl flow using volume of fluid method

Li, Zhongchun,Qiu, Zhifang,Du, Sijia,Ding, Shuhua,Bao, Hui,Song, Xiaoming,Deng, Jian Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.4

Spacer grid with mixing vane had been widely used in nuclear reactor core. One of the main feather of spacer grid with mixing vane was that strong swirl flow was formed after the spacer grid. The swirl flow not only changed the bubble generation in the near wall field, but also affected the bubble behaviors in the center region of the subchannel. The interaction between bubble and the swirl flow was one of the basic phenomena for the two phase flow modeling in fuel assembly. To obatin better understanding on the bubble behaviors in swirl flow, full three dimension numerical simulations were conducted in the present paper. The swirl flow was assumed in the cylindral calculation domain. The bubble interface was captured by Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method. The properties of saturated water and steam at different pressure were applied in the simulation. The bubble trajectory, motion, shape and force were obtained based on the bubble parameters captured by VOF. The simulation cases in the present study included single bubble with different size, at different angular velocity conditions and at different pressure conditions. The results indicated that bubble migrated to the center in swirl flow with spiral motion type. The lateral migration was mainly related to shear stress magnitude and bubble size. The bubble moved toward the center with high velocity when the swirl magnitude was high. The largest bubble had the highest lateral migration velocity in the present study range. The effect of pressure was small when bubble size was the same. The prelimenery simulation result would be beneficial for better understanding complex two phase flow phenomena in fuel assembly with spacer grid.

Lovastatin derivative dehydrolovastatin ameliorates ulcerative colitis in mice by suppressing NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine expression

Xu Zhang,Qing-Hua Deng,Jian-Hua Deng,Sheng-Ju Wang,Qiu Chen 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.24 No.2

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with intestinal immune imbalance and inflammatory response. Because dehydrolovastatin (DLVT), a derivative of lovastatin, has been recently shown to inhibit inflammation and relieve immune arthritis induced by chemical stimuli, we studied its effect and possible mechanism on UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium. The BALB/c mice were classified into six groups: normal control group, model group, DLVT high dose group, DLVT low dose group, salazosulfapyridine (SASP) group and lovastatin (LVT) group. The disease activity indices of UC and pathological changes were investigated. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in colon tissue and inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF- in the serum were analyzed by ELISA, while the expression of NF-B p65 protein in colon tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. DLVT relieved the disease activity indices and pathological damage of the UC mice. Furthermore, DLVT significantly decreased MPO activity and improved the imbalance of inflammatory cytokines through inhibiting the expression of NF-B p65. Meanwhile, the positive drug of SASP has a similar effect to DLVT, but the effect of DLVT in both decreasing IL-17, TNF-, and increasing IL-10 was significantly stronger than that of SASP. These results suggest that DLVT may ameliorates the symptoms of UC.

Experimental study on the Influence of Heating Surface Inclination Angle on Heat Transfer and CHF performance for Pool Boiling

Chenglong Wang,Panxiao Li,Dalin Zhang,Wenxi Tian,Suizheng Qiu,G.H. Su,Jian Deng 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1

Pool boiling heat transfer is widely applied in nuclear engineering fields. The influence of heating surface orientation on the pool boiling heat transfer has received extensive attention. In this study, the heating surface with different roughness was adopted to conduct pool boiling experiments at different inclination angles. Based on the boiling curves and bubble images, the effects of inclination angle on the pool boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux were analyzed. When the inclination angle was bigger than 90°, the bubble size increased with the increase of inclination angle. Both the bubble departure frequency and critical heat flux decreased as the inclination angle increased. The existing theoretical models about pool boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux were compared. From the perspective of bubble agitation model and Hot/Dry spot model, the experimental phenomena could be explained reasonably. The enlargement of bubble not only could enhance the agitation of nearby liquid but also would cause the bubble to stay longer on the heating surface. Consequently, the effect of inclination angle on the pool boiling heat transfer was not conspicuous. With the increase of inclination angle, the rewetting of heating surface became much more difficult. It has negative effect on the critical heat flux. This work provides experimental data basis for heat transfer and CHF performance of pool boiling.

Probing the nature of high‐<i>z</i> short GRB 090426 with its early optical and X‐ray afterglows

Xin, Li‐,Ping,Liang, En‐,Wei,Wei, Jian‐,Yan,Zhang, Bing,Lv, Hou‐,Jun,Zheng, Wei‐,Kang,Urata, Yuji,Im, Myungshin,Wang, Jing,Qiu, Yu‐,Lei,Deng, Jin‐,Song,Huang, Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.410 No.1

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>GRB 090426 is a short‐duration burst detected by <I>Swift</I> (<IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu1.gif' alt ='inline image'/> s in the observer frame and <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu2.gif' alt ='inline image'/> s in the burst frame at <I>z</I>= 2.609). Its host galaxy properties and some gamma‐ray‐related correlations are analogous to those seen in long‐duration gamma‐ray bursts (GRBs), which are believed to be of a massive star origin (so‐called Type II GRBs). We present the results of its early optical observations with the 0.8‐m Tsinghua University–National Astronomical Observatory of China Telescope (TNT) at Xinglong Observatory and the 1‐m LOAO telescope at Mt Lemmon Optical Astronomy Observatory in Arizona. Our well‐sampled optical afterglow light curve covers from <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu3.gif' alt ='inline image'/> to 10<SUP>4</SUP> s after the GRB trigger. It shows two shallow decay episodes that are likely due to energy injection, which end at <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu4.gif' alt ='inline image'/> and 7100 s, respectively. The decay slopes after the injection phases are consistent with each other (<IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu5.gif' alt ='inline image'/>). The X‐ray afterglow light curve appears to trace the optical, although the second energy‐injection phase was missed due to visibility constraints introduced by the <I>Swift</I> orbit. The X‐ray spectral index is <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu6.gif' alt ='inline image'/> without temporal evolution. Its decay slope is consistent with the prediction of the forward shock model. Both X‐ray and optical emission are consistent with being in the same spectral regime above the cooling frequency (<IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu7.gif' alt ='inline image'/>). The fact that <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu8.gif' alt ='inline image'/> is below the optical band from the very early epoch of the observation provides a constraint on the burst environment, which is similar to that seen in classical long‐duration GRBs. We therefore suggest that death of a massive star is the possible progenitor of this short burst.</P>

Experimental study on vertically upward steam-water two-phase flow patterns in narrow rectangular channel

Zhou, Jiancheng,Ye, Tianzhou,Zhang, Dalin,Song, Gongle,Sun, Rulei,Deng, Jian,Tian, Wenxi,Su, G.H.,Qiu, Suizheng Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.1

Experiments of vertically upward steam-water two-phase flow have been carried out in single-side heated narrow rectangular channel with a gap of 3 mm. Flow patterns were identified and classified through visualization directly. Slug flow was only observed at 0.2 MPa but replaced by block-bubble flow at 1.0 MPa. Flow pattern maps at the pressure of 0.2 MPa and 1.0 MPa were plotted and the difference was analyzed. The experimental data has been compared with other flow pattern maps and transition criteria. The results show reasonable agreement with Hosler's, while a wide discrepancy is observed when compared with air-water two-phase experimental data. Current criteria developed based on air-water experiments poorly predict bubble-slug flow transition due to the different formation and growth of bubbles. This work is significant for researches on heat transfer, bubble dynamics and flow instability.

A dryout mechanism model for rectangular narrow channels at high pressure conditions

Gongle Song,Yu Liang,Rulei Sun,Dalin Zhang,Jian Deng,G.H. Su,Wenxi Tian,Suizheng Qiu 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.10

Adryoutmechanism model for rectangular narrow channels at high pressure conditions is developed byassuming that the KelvineHelmholtz instability triggered the occurrence ofdryout. This model combinesthe advantages of theoretical analysis and empirical correlation. The unknown coefficients in thetheoretical derivation are supported by the experimental data. Meanwhile, the decisive restriction of theexperimental conditions on the applicability of the empirical correlation is avoided. The expression ofvapor phase velocity at the time ofdryoutis derived, and the empirical correlation of liquidfilm thicknessis introduced. Since the CHF value obtained from the liquidfilm thickness should be the same as thevalue obtained from the KelvineHelmholtz critical stability under the same condition, the convergentCHF value is obtained by iteratively calculating. Comparing with the experimental data under thepressure of 6.89e13.79 MPa, the average error of the model is 15.4% with the 95% confidence interval[-20.5%, 10.4%]. And the pressure has a decisive influence on the prediction accuracy of this model.Compared with the existingdryoutcode, the calculation speed of this model is faster, and the calculationaccuracy is improved. This model, with great portability, could be applied to different objects andworking conditions by changing the expression of the vapor phase velocity when the dryout phenom-enon is triggered and the calculation formula of the liquidfilm.©2020 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under theCC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).1. IntroductionThe plate type fuel element has the advantages of compactstructure, high power per unit volume, low central temperature,high burnup, low heat storage and good safety. It is an advanceddesign structure of the new integrated pressurized water reactorcore. The coolantflow channel of the plate type fuel element is atypical rectangular narrow channel, which has compact structure,small temperature difference of heat transfer, simple surface pro-cessing, smoothness of heat transfer surface. Besides, it is not easyto produce impurities and pollute the heat transfer surface todeteriorate heat transfer with the high-speedfluid. Due to theabove characteristics, the rectangular narrow channel is widelyused in thefields of chemical, nuclear energy, electronic devicecooling, refrigeration and others. The research on the thermal hy-draulic properties of rectangular narrow channels has become a hotresearch topic [1,2].Critical heatflux (CHF) is the most important thermal hydrauliclimit parameter to ensure reactor core safety. When the criticalboiling occurs, theflow boiling mechanism of the coolant changes,the heat transfer coefficient decreases, and the heat transfer on thesurface of the nuclear fuel element deteriorates. In severe cases, thefuel element can be burned and even cause the radioactive leakage.It is generally believed that in region of the annularflow, CHF iscaused by liquidfilm drying, and the CHF model establishedaccordingly is called dryout model. Due to the wide range of quality(about 0.1e1.0) corresponding to the annularflow pattern, dryout isof great significance for the safety analysis and transient process ofboiling water reactors and pressurized water reactors. In recentyears, the dryout model has received much attention [3,4].In rectangular narrow channels, bubble growth is limited, and*Corresponding author.**Corresponding author.E-mail addresses:dlzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn(D. Zhang),dengjian_npic@163.com(J. Deng).Contents lists available atScienceDirectNuclear Engineering and Technologyjournal homepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/nethttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.03.0181738-5733/©2020 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Nuclear Engineering and Technology 52...