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Bundy, Jacob J,Chick, Jeffrey Forris Beecham,Hage, Anthony N,Srinivasa, Ravi N,Chaudhary, Neeraj,Srinivasa, Rajiv N,Vadlamudi, Venu,Gemmete, Joseph J BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 2018 Journal of neurointerventional surgery Vol.10 No.12
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To describe the stroke-related Twitter network through analysis of the #Stroke hashtag.</P><P><B>Materials and methods</B></P><P>621 653 tweets containing the #Stroke hashtag were analyzed from 20 March 2012 to 31 January 2018. Twitter activity metrics, engagement, user characteristics, content analysis, and network analysis were obtained using the healthcare social media analytics platform, Symplur Signals.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The number of users, the number of impressions, and the number of tweets containing the #Stroke hashtag increased by an annual average of 64.9%, 87.7%, and 89.2% over the past 6 years from 20 March 2012 to 31January 2018. 69 371 tweets (11.2%) contained novel content and 48 568 tweets (7.8%) related to patient care. 181 120 (29.1%) tweets contained at least one image and 436 132 tweets (70.2%) contained links to outside resources. Stroke prevention, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation were commonly discussed topics. With regard to engagement, there were 259 438 retweets (41.7%), 366 561 mentions (59.0%), and 8549 replies (1.4%). Physicians and patients authored 52 197 (8.4%) and 41 822 (6.7%) tweets, respectively. Advocate organizations, patients, and non-healthcare individuals most frequently used the #Stroke hashtag on Twitter.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The use of the #Stroke hashtag on Twitter has grown significantly over the 6-year study period. The majority of the discussions were held between stroke support groups and non-healthcare-related individuals, with discussion content centering around stroke prevention, stroke symptoms, associated medical conditions, and treatment options.</P>
Pyramiding transgenes for potato tuber moth resistance in potato
Meiyalaghan, Sathiyamoorthy,Pringle, Julie M.,Barrell, Philippa J.,Jacobs, Jeanne M.E.,Conner, Anthony J. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2010 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.4 No.4
The feasibility of two strategies for transgene pyramiding using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was investigated to develop a transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Iwa) with resistance to potato tuber moth (PTM) (Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)). In the first approach, cry1Ac9 and cry9Aa2 genes were introduced simultaneously using a kanamycin (nptII) selectable marker gene. The second approach involved the sequential introduction (re-transformation) of a cry1Ac9 gene, using a hygromycin resistance (hpt) selectable marker gene, into an existing line transgenic for a cry9Aa2 gene and a kanamycin resistance (nptII) selectable marker gene. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the presence of the specific selectable marker gene and both cry genes in all regenerated lines. The relative steady-state level of the cry gene transcripts in leaves was quantified in all regenerated lines by real-time PCR analysis. Re-transformation proved to be a flexible approach to effectively pyramid genes for PTM resistance in potato, since it allowed the second gene to be added to a line that was previously identified as having a high level of resistance. Larval growth of PTM was significantly inhibited on excised greenhouse-grown leaves in all transgenic lines, although no lines expressing both cry genes exhibited any greater resistance to PTM larvae over that previously observed for the individual genes. It is anticipated that these lines will permit more durable resistance by delaying the opportunities for PTM adaptation to the individual cry genes.
Kim, Cha Young,Ahn, Young Ock,Kim, Sun Ha,Kim, Yun-Hee,Lee, Haeng-Soon,Catanach, Andrew S.,Jacobs, Jeanne M. E.,Conner, Anthony J.,Kwak, Sang-Soo Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Physiologia plantarum Vol.139 No.3
<P>MYB transcription factors play important roles in transcriptional regulation of many secondary metabolites including anthocyanins. We cloned the R2R3-MYB type <I>IbMYB1</I> complementary DNAs from the purple-fleshed sweet potato (<I>Ipomoea batatas</I> L. cv Sinzami) and investigated the expression patterns of <I>IbMYB1</I> gene with <I>IbMYB1a</I> and <I>IbMYB1b</I> splice variants in leaf and root tissues of various sweet potato cultivars by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The transcripts of <I>IbMYB1</I> were predominantly expressed in the purple-fleshed storage roots and they were also detectable in the leaf tissues accumulating anthocyanin pigments. In addition, transcript levels of <I>IbMYB1</I> gene were up-regulated by treatment with methyl jasmonate or salicylic acid in leaf and root tissues of cv. White Star. To set up the intragenic vector system in sweet potato, we first evaluated the utilization of the <I>IbMYB1</I> gene as a visible selectable marker. The <I>IbMYB1a</I> was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves under the control of a constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus <I>35S</I> promoter, a root-specific and sucrose-inducible sporamin promoter, and an oxidative stress-inducible sweet potato anionic peroxidase2 promoter. We also showed that overexpression of <I>IbMYB1a</I> induced massive anthocyanin pigmentation in tobacco leaves and up-regulated the transcript levels of the structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the expression of <I>IbMYB1a</I> led to production of cyanidin as a major core molecule of anthocyanidins in tobacco leaves. These results suggest that the <I>IbMYB1</I> gene can be applicable to a visible marker for sweet potato transformation with intragenic vectors, as well as the production of anthocyanin as important nutritive value in other plant species.</P>