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Hyunwoo Youn,Kenji Miki,Ayumi Iwata,Tomoaki Okuda 한국대기환경학회 2023 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.17 No.1
Atmospheric aerosols, including primary aerosols emitted directly into the atmosphere and secondary aerosols generated in the atmosphere from various chemically complex particles, cause a variety of environmental problems such as climate change, photochemical smog formation, and a decrease in incoming solar radiation. Therefore, it is important to understand the causes of aerosol particles and their impact on human society. In particular, particle size is an important indicator of lung penetration depth, aerosol transport, and optical properties. Hence, we mathematically estimated the airborne particle size distributions of each chemical component by collecting aerosol samples from the atmosphere using two types of cyclone samplers, large and small cyclone samplers. This study’s findings also suggest that calculated changes in particle size distribution can reflect changes in particle sources. The higher resolution of the continuous functions will enable the detection of the subtle changes in particle size distributions of each chemical component, which is helpful to understand the temporal changes in the chemical properties of the airborne aerosol particles.
Kim, Hyunwoo,Lee, Sungmin,Son, Beomseok,Jeon, Jaewan,Kim, Daehoon,Lee, wonku,Youn, HyeSook,Lee, Jae-Myung,Youn, BuHyun Elsevier 2018 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN Vol.133 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ballast water is essential for maintaining the balance and integrity of a ship. However, exchanging ballast water resulted in discharging water of different origins in vessel recipient ports, and this may have caused ecosystem disturbance or aquatic pollution. The ballast water management (BWM) system is essential for the purification and disinfection of the ballast water that is taken up. Because current BWM systems widely use biocides for the treatment of aquatic organisms, the biocides may result in unintended toxicity of the discharged ballast water. In this study, we suggested thymol and carvacrol as chemical biocides for BWM systems and investigated their effectiveness using <I>Artemia salina</I> and <I>Escherichia coli</I>. Thymol and carvacrol showed biocidal effects in our study. A combination of these substances showed a synergistic increase in the biocidal effects. Moreover, carvacrol naturally degrades after disinfection, which indicates that natural substances may be promising candidates to increase the efficacy and reduce unwanted side effects of the BWM system.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Thymol showed specifically high biocidal effect on <I>Artemia salina</I> </LI> <LI> Carvacrol showed specifically high biocidal effect on <I>Escherichia coli</I> </LI> <LI> Combination treatment of thymol and carvacrol showed synergistic biocidal effects </LI> <LI> Carvacrol naturally degraded and lost biocidal effect in 4 days </LI> </UL> </P>
K-means Clustering 알고리즘을 이용한 SWAT 자동 보정 모듈 개선
강현우 ( Hyunwoo Kang ),박윤식 ( Youn Shik Park ),김종건 ( Jonggun Kim ),장원석 ( Won Seok Jang ),류지철 ( Ji Chul Ryu ),김남원 ( Nam Won Kim ),공동수 ( Dong Soo Kong ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2010 No.-
Calibration and validation should be performed to secure accuracies in SWAT simulated results in various hydrology and water quality studies. When calibrating and validating SWAT model with measured data, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) is used extensively, also it is used for the Auto-Calibration function in current SWAT model. However, it has been known as the NSE value is influenced sensitively by bigger values among given data by sacrificing accuracies in estimated lower flow values. In this study, flow clustering NSE estimation system, which calculates the NSE for flow groups, was incorporated into the SWAT auto-calibration module. With this capability, the SWAT estimated low flow could match measured low flow data well because the NSE is calculated with low flow and high flow dataset separately. The improved SWAT auto-calibration module will provide very efficient tool for accurate simulation of hydrology and accompanying sediment and water quality with no additional input dataset.
지형변화에 따른 경사장 적용을 위한 SATEEC L 모듈의 개발 및 적용
강현우 ( Hyunwoo Kang ),김기성 ( Ki-sung Kim ),박윤식 ( Youn Shik Park ),김남원 ( Namwon Kim ),옥용식 ( Yong Sik Ok ),김종건 ( Jonggun Kim ),최윤호 ( Yun Ho Choi ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-
Severe sediment-laden problem has been the hot issue in Korea. It was assumed that agricultural activities and landslides were the primary causes of these problems in watersheds. The USLE-based systems have been widely used in soil erosion studies. However the GIS-based USLE modeling system has limitation in USLE L factors. In this study, the SATEEC L module was developed to reflect the slope length segmentations in the fields. The SATEEC L module was applied to the study watershed to analyze the effects of using the SATEEC L module on estimated sediment. As shown in the comparisons between SATEEC estimated sediment with SWAT values, the SATEEC GA-SDR module derives the SDR with reasonably acceptable accuracies. However, it is worthy to note that the soil erosion using the SATEEC L module for the study watershed was lower than that without using the SATEEC L module by 25%, although the SATEEC estimated sediment values with and without using L module match the SWAT sediment values with similar accuracies. This is because the SATEEC GA-SDR module estimates lower SDR in case of greater soil erosion estimation without the L module and greater SDR in case of lower soil erosion estimation with the L module. This indicates that the SATEEC input parameters, especially L factor, need to be prepared with care for accurate estimation of SDR at a watershed scale and for accurate evaluation of BMPs in the watershed.
실머신 기반 악성코드 자동 분석 시스템에서의 메모리 덤프
나재찬 ( Jaechan Na ),김현우 ( Hyunwoo Kim ),조영훈 ( Younghun Jo ),윤종희 ( Jonghee M Youn ) 한국정보처리학회 2014 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.21 No.1
쿠쿠 샌드박스(Cuckoo Sandbox)는 가상머신을 이용해 악성코드를 효율적으로 분석할 수 있는 도구이다. 가상머신에서 동작하기 때문에 악성코드에 거상머신 탐지기법(VM Detect)이 있다면, 분석을 하는데 어려움이 있다. 이러한 경우 악성코드를 분석하기 위해 실머신 기반에서 분석이 가능하도록 구현하고, 구현 과정에서 메모리 덤프(Memory Dump)문제가 존재한다. 이전 방식은 가상머신 소프트웨어들이 메모리 덤프 파일을 따로 만들고 해당 파일을 분석하였지만, 실머신에서는 메모리파일을 따로 가지지 않는다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 실머신에서는 어떻게 메모리덤프 문제를 해결할 수 있는지를 알아보고 덤프를 하였을 때, 가상머신과 실머신에서 어떤 차이점이 나타나는지 알아보고자 한다.
Zikrilla Bobamuratovich Alimov,Hyunwoo Youn,Ayumi Iwata,Kohei Nakano,Takuma Okamoto,Ayaha Sasaki,Takuya Katori,Tomoaki Okuda 한국대기환경학회 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.3
Cyclone sampling devices have been helpful in assessing the toxic effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The particle collection efficiency of sampling devices is critical. This study investigated the effect of cyclone size on particle size, chemical composition, and particle toxicity. Three cyclones with different inner diameters (12-68 mm) were tested for penetration using an aerodynamic particle sizer, fluorescent polystyrene latex, and a differential mobility analyzer. The elemental and water-soluble ion compositions of the particles collected by different cyclones were compared. An evaluation of the particles’ toxicity was conducted by comparing the results of dithiothreitol (DTT), limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL), and cell exposure assays. The experimental evaluation showed a 50% cut-size of the cyclones between 0.17-0.28, 0.34-0.36, and 0.70 μm for the small, medium, and large cyclones, respectively. To collect PM2.5 and evaluate separation performance in the real environment, the small and large cyclones were selected according to the particle penetration and flow rate. A comparison of chemical composition and enrichment factor values found that the particles in the small cyclone samples contained smaller and more anthropogenic sources than those in the large cyclone samples. The oxidative potential (OP) measured by the DTT assay of the samples collected using the small and large cyclones differed across sampling periods and associated with the transition metals. The viability of human epithelial A549 cells after exposure to the collected particles using the cyclones was different across sampling periods and associated with OP. The endotoxin concentrations measured in the LAL assay were found only in the large cyclone samples; they affected the estimated level of cytokine based on IL(interleukin)-6 release from human leukemia monocytic (THP-1) cells derived macrophage- like cells. Regardless of the size, the cyclone techniques used in this study to collect aerosol particles would be a powerful tool for a detailed evaluation of particle toxicity.
Role of Metabolic Reprogramming in Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)
Kang, Hyunkoo,Kim, Hyunwoo,Lee, Sungmin,Youn, HyeSook,Youn, BuHyun MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.8
<P>Activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to be an essential step for cancer metastasis. Tumor cells undergo EMT in response to a diverse range of extra- and intracellular stimulants. Recently, it was reported that metabolic shifts control EMT progression and induce tumor aggressiveness. In this review, we summarize the involvement of altered glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolic enzyme expression and the underlying molecular mechanisms in EMT induction in tumor cells. Moreover, we propose that metabolic regulation through gene-specific or pharmacological inhibition may suppress EMT and this treatment strategy may be applied to prevent tumor progression and improve anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy. This review presents evidence for the importance of metabolic changes in tumor progression and emphasizes the need for further studies to better understand tumor metabolism.</P>
바이노미얼 트리를 이용한 이동 에이전트 기반 소프트웨어 업데이트 시스템 설계
송창환 ( Song Changhwan ),김연우 ( Youn-woo Kim ),최현우 ( Hyunwoo Choi ),장현수 ( Hyun-su Jang ),엄영익 ( Young Ik Eom ) 한국정보처리학회 2007 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.2
기업 네트워크에 대한 보안 위협이 지속적으로 발생함에 따라 네트워크 관리가 중요시 되고 있다. 기업 네트워크의 보안성을 강화하기 위해서는 네트워크상의 각 노드에 설치된 보안 소프트웨어나 취약성이 있는 소프트웨어의 업데이트가 요구된다. 그러나, 일반적인 서버/클라이언트 형태의 소프트웨어 업데이트 서비스는 서버의 부하가 크고 시간효율적이지 못하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 네트워크의 논리적인 형태를 노드의 상태정보에 따라 바이노미얼 트리로 구성하고, 이를 기반으로 이동 에이전트가 각 노드를 순회하며 소프트웨어를 업데이트할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템을 이용함으로써 서버에 집중되는 부하를 줄이면서 빠른 시간 내에 네트워크 상의 모든 노드의 소프트웨어를 업데이트 할 수 있게 된다.
Immunogenic Effect of Hyperthermia on Enhancing Radiotherapeutic Efficacy
Lee, Sungmin,Son, Beomseok,Park, Gaeul,Kim, Hyunwoo,Kang, Hyunkoo,Jeon, Jaewan,Youn, HyeSook,Youn, BuHyun MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.9
<P>Hyperthermia is a cancer treatment where tumor tissue is heated to around 40 °C. Hyperthermia shows both cancer cell cytotoxicity and immune response stimulation via immune cell activation. Immunogenic responses encompass the innate and adaptive immune systems, involving the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and T cells. Moreover, hyperthermia is commonly used in combination with different treatment modalities, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, for better clinical outcomes. In this review, we will focus on hyperthermia-induced immunogenic effects and molecular events to improve radiotherapy efficacy. The beneficial potential of integrating radiotherapy with hyperthermia is also discussed.</P>