Attachment Style, Complicated Grief and Post-Traumatic Growth in Traumatic Loss: The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Rumination

Huh Hyu Jung,Kim Kyung Hee,Lee Hee-Kyung,Chae Jeong-Ho 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.7

Objective The present study examines the effects of attachment styles on the grief response and the indirect effect of rumination in parents who lost a child in the Sewol Ferry accident.Methods Bereaved parents (n=81) completed self-report questionnaires evaluating their attachment style (Experience in Close Relationship-Short form), traumatic loss related rumination (Event-Related Rumination Inventory), degree of complicated grief (Inventory of Complicated Grief), and post-traumatic growth (Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory). Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping.Results The indirect effect of event-related intrusive rumination was significant in the relationship between attachment avoidance and complicated grief. The path from attachment avoidance to post-traumatic growth via deliberate rumination was not significant. With respect toattachment anxiety and post-traumatic growth, the indirect effect of deliberate rumination was significant. But the indirect effect of intrusive rumination was not significant in the relationships among attachment anxiety, complicated grief, and post-traumatic growth.Conclusion Individuals with attachment anxiety could obtain post-traumatic growth via deliberate rumination. By contrast, attachment avoidance was associated with the risk of maladaptive grief. Grief interventions should account for individual differences in attachment styles through interventions that manage intrusive rumination and strengthen deliberate rumination.

High Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Sensitivity, Childhood Emotional Neglect and Their Interaction as Possible Related Factors for Adult Attachment Style in Depression

Hyu Jung Huh,Bo Ram Jeong,Ji Hyun Hwang,Jeong-Ho Chae 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.2

Objective Individual differences in attachment insecurity are important in a broad range of mental health problems. However, few empirical studies have examined the clinical factors that contribute to individual differences in attachment style. This study examines the nature of interrelationships among adult attachment styles, sensitivities of behavioral activation system/behavioral inhibition system (BIS/BAS), and childhood trauma in patients with depressive disorders. Methods Patients with depressive disorders (n=294) completed self-report questionnaires evaluating adult attachment style, childhood trauma, and BIS/BAS sensitivity. We performed multiple regression analyses to examine the associations between attachment style and other clinical factors, including childhood trauma and BIS/BAS sensitivity. We also conducted hierarchical regression analyses and simple slope analyses to examine the interaction between BIS/BAS sensitivity and childhood trauma. Results The BAS sensitivity was negatively associated with attachment avoidance. The higher was the BIS/BAS sensitivity, the higher was the level of attachment anxiety. Among childhood trauma, emotional neglect contributed to both dimensions of insecure attachment. The interaction between BAS sensitivity and emotional neglect is significantly associated with attachment anxiety. Conclusion This study used data regarding the interrelationship of childhood trauma and basic motivational systems to contribute to the understanding of adult insecure attachment behaviors, a risk factor for depression.

A Network Model of Positive Resources, Temperament, Childhood Trauma, and Comorbid Symptoms for Patient with Depressive Disorders

Huh Hyu Jung,이순영,이수상,Chae Jeong-Ho 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.3

Objective Temperament, positive resources, childhood trauma, and other clinical comorbid symptoms are related to depressive symptom severity. Here, we used network analysis to examine the interrelations between these clinical factors in patients with depressive disorders.Methods Patients with depressive disorders (n=454) completed self-report questionnaires evaluating clinical symptoms, childhood trauma, temperament, and positive resources. To identify network pattern and the most central aspect, we performed network analysis and centrality analyses. First, we analyzed the network pattern in total participants. Second, we established two groups of those with severe depressive symptoms and those with mild depressive symptoms and compared their network patterns.Results Deficient optimism and depression were the central factors in the network of total participants. In the group with severe depressive symptoms, lack of social support and childhood emotional trauma showed high centrality. Deficient social support and other positive resources played central roles in the group with mild depressive symptoms.Conclusion Network pattern of psychological factors was different between those with mild or severe depression. Lack of positive resources is an important factor in psychological processes in both mild and severe depression. However, childhood emotional trauma may play a relatively important role in patients with severe depressive symptoms.

임상용 간편 긍정자원 척도(Clinical Short-Form Positive Resources Test; POREST)의 개발

허휴정(Hyu Jung Huh),김선영(Sun-Young Kim),민정아(Jung-A Min),채정호(Jeong-Ho Chae) 대한스트레스학회 2018 스트레스硏究 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 임상현장에서 사용할 수 있는 간단한 긍정성 자원 척도를 개발하는 것이다. 문헌탐색과 전문가 워크샵을 통하여 기초 예비 문항을 만들어 설문을 실시하고 결과를 분석하여 실제 적용할 문항을 선정하였고, 최종 선정된 총 23문항을 가지고 설문을 실시하여 최종 도구의 개발을 위한 문항분석 및 신뢰도를 평가하였으며, 마지막으로 총 267예에 대한 본 조사를 시행함으로써 새로 개발된 긍정자원척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도를 검증하였다. 연구 결과, POREST는 5개의 요인으로 구성되어 있으며, POREST는 내적합치도가 적절했으며, 문항-총점 간 상관계수 확인 결과 내용적인 일관성과 시간적인 안정성을 지닌 척도임을 확인할 수 있었으며, 감별 타당도 확인 위해 정신건강의학과 외래 환자군과 건강대조군 점수 비교 결과 유의한 차이 보였다. 본 연구는, 기존의 긍정적 변인에 인지적 정서조절, 운동 등의 변인을 추가하여 개인의 긍정 자원을 좀 더 광범위한 시각으로 보려고 시도했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. Background: The present study aimed to develop a brief tool for assessing individual’s positive resource in clinical setting. The Positive Resources Test is a self-report questionnaire that measures 5 multi-dementional positive resources and comprises of 23 items, each rated on a 5-point scale. Methods: Literature searching and delphi survey were performed for making preliminary items, consulting and selecting final items. In order to test validity and reliability of the finally selected 23 items, data were collected from 546 adults. The measures included a variety of positive psychological scales. Results: The result of exploratory factor analysis of Positive Resources Test suggested 5 factor structures. The Positive Resources Test was shown to have acceptable psychometric porperties, including acceptable internal consistency reliabilities, factorial validity, and high convergent correlations. Conclusions: Although there is room for improvement for some facet scales, the Positive Resources Test appears to be useful tool for assessing individual’s positive resources.

Pilot Study About the Effects of the Soma Experiencing Motion (Soma e-Motion) Program on Interoceptive Awareness and Self-Compassion

Mi-Sun Lee(Mi-Sun Lee),Sun Je Kim(Sun Je Kim),Jeong-Ho Chae(Jeong-Ho Chae),Soo-Young Bhang(Soo-Young Bhang),Mimi Lee(Mimi Lee),Hyeong Beom Kim(Hyeong Beom Kim),Hyu Jung Huh(Hyu Jung Huh) 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.3

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Soma experiencing motion (Soma e-motion) program on interoceptive awareness and self-compassion among novices. Methods A total of 19 adults (clinical group=9, non-clinical group=10) participated in the intervention. Psychological and physical changes after program were qualitatively analyzed using in-depth interviews. The Korean Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (K-MAIA) and the Korean version of the Self-Compassion Scale (K-SCS) were used as quantitative measures. Results The non-clinical group showed statistically significant differences in the K-MAIA scores (z=-2.805, p<0.01) and K-SCS scores (z=-2.191, p<0.05); however, the clinical group showed no significant differences (K-MAIA: z=-0.652, p>0.05; K-SCS: z=-0.178, p>0.05). According to the in-depth interviews, the results of the qualitative analysis were categorized into five dimensions (psychological and emotional, physical, cognitive, behavioral, and aspects participants found challenging and needs improvement). Conclusion The Soma e-motion program was feasible for improving interoceptive awareness and self-compassion in the non-clinical group. However, further research is needed to investigate the clinical efficacy of the Soma e-motion program for clinical group.

Pilot Study About the Effects of the Soma Experiencing Motion (Soma e-Motion) Program on Interoceptive Awareness and Self-Compassion

Huh Seonghoo,Kim Sun Je,Chae Jeong-Ho,Bhang Soo-Young,Lee Mimi,Kim Hyeong Beom,Huh Hyu Jung 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.4

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Soma experiencing motion (Soma e-motion) program on interoceptive awareness and self-compassion among novices.Methods A total of 19 adults (clinical group=9, non-clinical group=10) participated in the intervention. Psychological and physical changes after program were qualitatively analyzed using in-depth interviews. The Korean Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (K-MAIA) and the Korean version of the Self-Compassion Scale (K-SCS) were used as quantitative measures.Results The non-clinical group showed statistically significant differences in the K-MAIA scores (z=-2.805, p<0.01) and K-SCS scores (z=-2.191, p<0.05); however, the clinical group showed no significant differences (K-MAIA: z=-0.652, p>0.05; K-SCS: z=-0.178, p>0.05). According to the in-depth interviews, the results of the qualitative analysis were categorized into five dimensions (psychological and emotional, physical, cognitive, behavioral, and aspects participants found challenging and needs improvement).Conclusion The Soma e-motion program was feasible for improving interoceptive awareness and self-compassion in the non-clinical group. However, further research is needed to investigate the clinical efficacy of the Soma e-motion program for clinical group.

알쯔하이머병 환자 혈청에서의 베타 아밀로이드 단백질에 대한 특이 항체량 측정 : 알쯔하이머병의 생화학적 진단지표 개발 Development of Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis

소정온,허지연,심혜진,김종원,나덕렬,이필휴,정선주,박문호,주인수,송미숙,김영호,묵인희 대한치매학회 2004 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.3 No.1

Background:Alzheimer's disease (Ad) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is rapidly increasing with the aging society, requiring a need for early diagnosis and prevention. However, diagnosis on AD has only been possible through limited methods such as neuropsychological examination or MRI. AD is characterized by deposition of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Aβ peptide in senile plaques seems to play a central role in the neuropathology of AD. Several biochemical markers for AD are available, including reduced Aβ protein, a change in ratio between Aβ40 and 42 and increased level of tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods:This study analyzes anti-Aβ antibody from serums of AD patients using the ELISA. The levels of anti-Aβ antibody from patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease or stroke and from normal control were compared to that of AD patients. Results:Our results showed a significantly lower anti-Aβ antibody level in AD compared to those with other neurological diseases or control. Conclusions:These data showed that the anti-Aβ antibody level in the serum may be used to diagnose the presence of AD.

Relationship between serum lipid concentrations and posttraumatic stress symptoms in the bereaved after the Sewol ferry disaster: A prospective cohort study

Tae, Hyejin,Huh, Hyu Jung,Hwang, Jihyun,Chae, Jeong-Ho Elsevier 2018 Psychiatry Research Vol.266 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum lipid concentrations and PTSD symptoms in the bereaved after a traumatic familial loss. Eighteen months after the Sewol ferry disaster, 107 subjects who experienced traumatic losses as a result of the accident completed a mental and medical survey as well as laboratory tests for lipid profiles. At 30 months after the trauma, a total of 64 individuals completed a follow-up psychometric survey and biochemical measurements. We performed multiple linear regression analyses, examining the association between PTSD symptoms and lipid profiles. Other potential influences on lipid profiles such as metabolic risk factors, demographic risk factors, and underlying medical history were accounted for. Participants reporting clinically significant PTSD symptoms exhibited lower serum HDL-C levels than those without PTSD symptoms. In addition, we found that the severity of PTSD symptoms and sex could explain the changes in lipid profiles independently of other possible risk factors of changes. The results of this study suggest that PTSD symptoms may contribute to an increased risk for developing metabolic syndrome via detrimental changes in lipid concentrations. Routine screening and multidisciplinary management to prevent metabolic syndrome in individuals who experience traumatic losses would therefore be valuable.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The bereaved subjects with significant PTSD symptoms had significantly lower HDL-C levels compared with those without PTSD symptoms. </LI> <LI> The severity of PTSD symptoms and sex could explain the changes in lipid profiles independently of other possible risk factors of changes. </LI> <LI> PTSD carries the increased risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. </LI> <LI> Our study suggests the need for routine screening and clinical intervention to reduce long-term negative health outcomes. </LI> </UL> </P>

Comparative Analysis of the Psychosocial Symptoms and Experiences of Bereaved Parents and Parents of Children Who Survived the Sewol Ferry Accident After 5 Years: A Qualitative Interview Study

Mi-Sun Lee,Hyu Jung Huh,Jihoon Oh,Jeong-Ho Chae 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.19

Background: This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial symptoms and experiences of bereaved parents of victims and parents of survivors of the Sewol Ferry accident five years after the accident. Methods: In-depth interviews of 186 bereaved parents of victims or survivors of the Sewol Ferry accident were conducted. We elicited and categorized meaning units relevant to the psychological, cognitive, and physical traits of the participants from these interviews. Differences in responses between bereaved parents and survivors’ parents and between genders were examined using frequency analyses and χ2 tests. Results: Data were organized under seven headings: observed attitude and impression of participants, difficulties due to mental health problems, difficulties due to physical pain, difficulties in relationships, negative changes following the incident, positive changes following the incident, and help needed. Within these headings, 27 themes, 60 sub-themes, and 80 meaning units were elicited. Conclusion: This study explored the psychiatric, physical, and relational problems reported by bereaved parents and those of survivors as well as major changes in their personal and social lives after the Sewol Ferry accident. Differences in responses according to gender were also identified. The results from this study could inform and facilitate the implementation of intervention measures, such as long-term psychological evaluation, to bereaved parents of victims or survivors of disasters.

우울증 환자에서 외상 사건 경험과 주관적 수면 문제의 특성

김민섭,허휴정,채정호,Kim, Min Seob,Huh, Hyu Jung,Chae, Jeong-Ho 대한불안의학회 2016 대한불안의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between subjective sleep problems and various types of traumatic events of patients with depressive disorder. Methods : A total of 411 patients diagnosed with depressive disorders were recruited in this study. The participants filled out Life Time Events Checklist (LEC), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). We used the independent t-test and analysis of covariance to compare each component of PSQI between depressive patients with and without traumatic experiences. Results : The groups of patients who experienced a serious accident at work, home or during recreational activity, sexual assault, other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experience, life-threatening illness or injury, and sudden, unexpected death of a near and dear one showed lower scores in a few components of PSQI. Sleep disturbance was a common problem in all five groups. Lower subjective sleep quality and longer sleep latency was observed in three groups. There were no differences in the other components of PSQI among groups. Conclusion : This study showed that various types of traumatic events may have different effects on subjective sleep quality as a consequence of the traumatic event which they had experienced.