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Hua-Qiao Peng,Qian Zhou,De-Yi Wang,Li Chen,Yu-Zhong Wang 한국공업화학회 2008 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.14 No.5
A novel charring agent, bis(2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl) phenylphosphonate (BCPPO), was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 31P NMR spectroscopies. Moreover, the novel charring agent combining with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as well as melamine (MA) was adopted as intumescent flame retardants (IFR) to impart flame retardance and dripping resistance to polypropylene (PP). Flammability and thermal behaviors of the treated PP were investigated by Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), Vertical Burning Test (UL-94), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Cone Calorimeter test. Results indicate that the intumescent flame retardant with the novel charring agent shows both excellent flame retardance and anti-dripping abilities for PP when the three main components of IFR coexist at appropriate proportions, and the optimum flame retardant formulation is APP:MA:BCPPO = 3:1:1 that gives an LOI of 30.3 and UL- 94 V-0 rating, moreover, both the heat release rate (HRR) and the total heat release (THR) of IFR-PP with the optimum formulation decrease significantly relative to PP from cone calorimeter analysis. The residues from decomposition of the IFR-treated PP was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM micrograph, and it was found that the char yield as well as char properties have direct effects on the flame retardance and anti-dripping behaviors of the treated PP.
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Lingyun Liu,Wei Wang,Yi Zhang,Jianting Long,Zhaohui Zhang,Qiao Li,Bin Chen,Shaoqiang Li,Yunpeng Hua,Shunli Shen,Baogang Peng 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.2
Purpose Various inflammation-based prognostic biomarkers such as the platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, are related to poor survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of the aspartate aminotransferase to neutrophil ratio index (ANRI) in ICC after hepatic resection. Materials and Methods Data of 184 patients with ICC after hepatectomy were retrospectively reviewed. The cut-off value of ANRI was determined by a receiver operating characteristic curve. Preoperative ANRI and clinicopathological variables were analyzed. The predictive value of preoperative ANRI for prognosis of ICC was identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The optimal cut-off value of ANRI was 6.7. ANRI was associated with tumor size, tumor recurrence, white blood cell, neutrophil count, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine transaminase. Univariate analysis showed that ANRI, sex, tumor number, tumor size, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, resection margin, clinical TNM stage, neutrophil count, and carcinoembryonic antigen were markedly correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with ICC. Multivariable analyses revealed that ANRI, a tumor size > 6 cm, poor tumor differentiation, and an R1 resection margin were independent prognostic factors for both OS and DFS. Additionally, preoperative ANRI also had a significant value to predict prognosis in various subgroups of ICC, including serum hepatitis B surface antigennegative and preoperative elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 patients. Conclusion Preoperative declined ANRI is a noninvasive, simple, and effective predictor of poor prognosis in patients with ICC after hepatectomy.
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