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- 저자 : Hiroshi Ozawa (검색결과 3 건)
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Effect of Clearance between Two-Body on Heat Flux in Hypersonic Compression Ramp
Hiroshi Ozawa,Hironao Yokoi,Koichi Mori,Yoshiaki Nakamura 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
The hypersonic flow over a compression ramp is one of the most important problems, where various phenomena occur, such as shock/shock interaction, shock boundary layer interaction, and reattachment of separated boundary layer. Consequently, heat flux and pressure around the corner become high. Actually these phenomena appear in the body flap and wing root of space shuttle. Furthermore, a severe problem such as Columbia takes place when these interactions occur in a crack, as a result of thermal protection tiles damage. The objective of the present study is to experimentally investigate heat flux near the corner of a compression ramp at hypersonic speed. The present two-dimensional compression ramp is consisted of two flat plates. Hence the flow-field is assumed to be nearly two-dimensional. The deflection angle of the corner is fixed at 30 deg. All experiments were performed in the shock tunnel of Nagoya University. The diameter of the nozzle exit is 350㎜, which can produce a hypersonic flow with a Mach number of8.1, where the duration is 50msec. The unit Reynolds number is Re=6.5x10?m?¹. In addition, the effect of the clearance h between the two bodies on the flow-field is examined by measuring distributions of the heat flux. From shclieren images. the flow-field can be classified into two patterns. In the case of no clearance (h/L=0.00), the shear layer generated from upstream of the corner reattaches on the ramp, where heat flux rises in the downstream of the reattachment region. The heat flux is almost same as the stagnation heat flux. In the case of small clearance (h/L=0.025), the reattachment point moves upstream of the ramp, although the large separation region does not change. In the case of a large clearance (h/L=0.050). the separated boundary layer does not reattach on the ramp, and goes into the clearance.
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Hironobu Ueshima,Tomoyuki Ozawa,Tomoaki Toyone,Hiroshi Otake 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.5
Study Design: This paper was a single center-based retrospective study with prospective data collection. Purpose: Compared with other surgeries, limited options are available for perioperative pain management in spinal surgery. Therefore, we aimed to identify new pain management in this study. Overview of Literature: The thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block has been reported to provide effective regional analgesia in the lumbar region. This study investigated the efficacy of the TLIP block for pain management in lumbar laminoplasty. Methods: We investigated patients who underwent lumbar laminoplasty for the treatment of lumbar spinal canal stenosis from April to October 2015. Patients with secondary surgery or surgery involving more than four intervertebral spaces were excluded. The primary outcome measure was the pain scale score within 48 hours after the surgery. The secondary outcomes were the number of additional analgesic drugs used and the number of patients complaining of complications, such as nausea and vomiting, within 24 hours after the surgery. Results: We retrospectively assessed the data of 44 patients who underwent lumbar laminoplasty. Of these, 25 patients received only general anesthesia (G group), whereas 19 patients received the TLIP block along with general anesthesia (T group). Compared with the G group, the T group reported lower pain scores for pain at 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours postoperatively. Moreover, the number of patients who received the additional analgesic pentazocine was lower in the T group than in the G group. The two groups showed no significant differences in the incidence of complications. Conclusions: The TLIP block provides effective analgesia for 24 hours postoperatively in patients undergoing lumbar laminoplasty.
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