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Peculiarities of the electronic transport in Co2CrAl and Co2CrGa halfmetallic ferromagnets
N.I. Kourov,V.V. Marchenkov,A.V. Korolev,K.A. Belozerova,H.W. Weber 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.7
We present results on the transport properties of the half-metallic ferromagnetic Heusler alloys Co2CrAl and Co2CrGa in the temperature range from 4 to 900 K. The peculiarities of the resistivity and the absolute differential thermoelectric power are considered within a two-current model of conductivity, taking into account the energy gap at the Fermi level in the electronic spectrum of alloys for electrons with spin opposite to the direction of the magnetization vector.
Particulate and gas sampling of prescribed fires in South Georgia, USA
Balachandran, S.,Pachon, J.E.,Lee, S.,Oakes, M.M.,Rastogi, N.,Shi, W.,Tagaris, E.,Yan, B.,Davis, A.,Zhang, X.,Weber, R.J.,Mulholland, J.A.,Bergin, M.H.,Zheng, M.,Russell, A.G. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2013 Atmospheric environment Vol.81 No.-
Gaseous and particulate species from two prescribed fires were sampled in-situ, to better characterize prescribed burn emissions. Measurements included gaseous and fine particulate matter (PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>) species, particle number concentration, particulate organic carbon (POC) speciation, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and water-soluble iron. Major PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> components included OC (~57%), EC (~10%), chloride (~1.6%), potassium (~0.7%) and nitrate (~0.9%). Major gaseous species include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, methanol and ethylene. Particulate organic tracers of biomass burning, such as levoglucosan, dehydroabietic acid and retene, increased significantly during the burns. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) also increased significantly during the fire and levels are highly correlated with total potassium (K) (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.93) and levoglucosan (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.98). The average WSOC/OC ratio was 0.51 +/- 0.03 and did not change significantly from background levels. Thus, the WSOC/OC ratio may not be a good indicator of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in regions that are expected to be impacted by biomass burning. Results using a biomass burning source profile derived from this work further indicate that source apportionment is sensitive to levels of potassium in biomass burning source profiles. This underscores the importance of quantifying local biomass burning source profiles.
International Trials of Vertical Flow Reactors for Coal Mine Water Treatment
Blanco, I.,Sapsford, D. J.,Trumm, D.,Pope, J.,Kruse, N.,Cheong, Y. w.,McLauchlan, H.,Sinclair, E.,Weber, P.,Olds, W. Springer Science + Business Media 2018 Mine water and the environment Vol.37 No.1
<P>Vertical flow reactors (VFRs) were tested at coal mine sites in New Zealand, South Korea, and the USA. The objective was to evaluate the iron removal efficiency and iron removal mechanisms during field trials at low pH and circumneutral pH, and to evaluate the potential use of VFRs as stand-alone systems or in combination with other passive treatment technologies. Total iron and manganese removal efficiencies at circumneutral pH (6-8) often exceeded 90%, with effluent concentrations less than 1 mg/L. This is attributed to both homogeneous and heterogenous Fe(II) oxidation and filtration of the precipitated ferrihydrite. Iron removal efficiencies at moderately acidic conditions (pH 3-4.5) averaged close to 40%, with an average 71.0% removal in one of the trials after iron removal capacity was stabilized. Microbial Fe(II) oxidation and precipitation as schwertmannite together with aggregation of colloidal and nano-particulate Fe(III) are suspected to be the main removal mechanisms. Iron solubility limited removal under very acidic conditions (pH < 3). The reproducibility of the results with respect to previous research confirmed that VFRs can be used as stand-alone passive treatment systems for iron removal from mine waters with a footprint less than half of the area required by a conventional aerobic wetland. A VFR can also provide useful iron pretreatment for other passive treatment systems under circumneutral conditions, but would have to be combined with alkaline generating systems to achieve full iron removal from acidic mine waters.</P>