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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Gul Akhtar (검색결과 3 건)
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Asma Akhtar,Tasneem Gul Kazi,Hassan Imran Afridi,Mustafa Khan,Muhammad Bilal,Noman Khan 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.59 No.-
A modified cloud point extraction method (m-CPE) was developed for the speciation of chromium species (Cr3+ and Cr6+) in artificial saliva extracts (ASE) of snuff products. In this method, Cr3+ was complexed with 8-hydroxyquinoline, which was trapped in nonionic surfactant (Triton X-114), prior to analyzed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer (ETAAS). Whereas, the total extractable Cr was determined by reducing Cr6+ to Cr3+ using Na2SO3 as a reducing reagent. Several parameters were optimized for the developed m-CPE. Under the most favorable conditions, enrichment factor, enhancement factor and limit of detection for the proposed method were 60, 134 and 0.04 μg L−1, respectively having relative standard deviation <5%. Health risks associated with the intake of total Cr in snuff products was also assessed. Estimated daily intake of Cr via sniffing 10 g/day of dry and moist snuff products was found below the maximum tolerable daily intake whereas the calculated risk for cancer due to Cr was observed in the acceptable range of 10 E−6–E−4.
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Coupled transport of Tl3+ through triethanolamine–xylene–polypropylene supported liquid membranes
Saeed ur Rehman,Gul Akhtar,M. Ashraf Chaudry 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.1
This study has been carried out for the uphill transport of Tl3+ across triethanolamine (TEA)–xylene based supported liquid membrane. The mechanism of transport of Tl3+ has been found to be based on the association of Tl3+ with six chloride ions to form anions, which associate with three protonated triethanolamine molecular cations (HOH4C2)3N+H at the feed side of the membrane face and form a complex. The complex is extracted into the liquid membrane organic phase, from where it diffuses towards the stripping side of membrane due to the concentration gradient and is dissociated due to alkaline conditions present in the stripping phase. It is also confirmed that proton addition to triethanolamine takes place at the N site and not at the –OH sites. 5.26 mol/dm3 of TEA in xylene in membrane phase, 1.0 mol/dm3 of HCl in feed and 1.0 mol/dm3 of NaOH in stripping phase have been found to be the optimum concentrations for the extraction of Tl3+. The method developed for transport of Tl3+ has been successfully applied to remove Tl3+ from coal ash acid leach liquors along with nickel,chromium and zinc ions.
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Imran Khalid,Romaysaa M Yamani,Maryam Imran,Muhammad Ali Akhtar,Manahil Imran,Rumaan Gul,Tabindeh Jabeen Khalid,Ghassan Y Wali 대한중환자의학회 2021 Acute and Critical Care Vol.36 No.3
Background: Both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, their ARDS course and characteristics have not been compared, which we evaluate in our study. Methods: MERS patients with ARDS seen during the 2014 outbreak and COVID-19 patients with ARDS admitted between March and December 2020 in our hospital were included, and their clinical characteristics, ventilatory course, and outcomes were compared. Results: Forty-nine and 14 patients met the inclusion criteria for ARDS in the COVID-19 and MERS groups, respectively. Both groups had a median of four comorbidities with high Charlson comorbidity index value of 5 points (P>0.22). COVID-19 patients were older, obese, had significantly higher initial C-reactive protein (CRP), more likely to get trial of high-flow oxygen, and had delayed intubation (P≤0.04). The postintubation course was similar between the groups. Patients in both groups experienced a prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, and majority received paralytics, dialysis, and vasopressor agents (P>0.28). The respiratory and ventilatory parameters after intubation (including tidal volume, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak and plateau pressures) and their progression over 3 weeks were similar (P>0.05). Rates of mortality in the ICU (53% vs. 64%) and hospital (59% vs. 64%) among COVID-19 and MERS patients (P≥0.54) were very high. Conclusions: Despite some distinctive differences between COVID-19 and MERS patients prior to intubation, the respiratory and ventilatory parameters postintubation were not different. The higher initial CRP level in COVID-19 patients may explain the steroid responsiveness in this population.
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