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Effect of Preparation Routes on the Crystal Purity and Properties of BiFeO3 Nanoparticles
M. A. Matin,M. M. Rhaman,M. N. Hossain,F. A. Mozahid,M. A. Hakim,M. H. Rizvi,M. F. Islam 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.6
Sol–gel as a chemical solution deposition technique is compatible with functional device fabrication technology. Single-phase bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) mutiferroic with its multi-functionality has extensively been studied for a variety of prospective novel device applications. However, the synthesis of BiFeO3 is confronted with a challenge to produce pure state without any secondary phase. Scarcity of unified process parameters impede justifi cation of best synthesis techniques. In this work, sol–gel methods with and without auto-combustion reactions were used to synthesize bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles. Different techniques UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy, XRD, EDS, and SEM were used to investigate the effect of preparation routes on the crystal purity and properties of prepared samples. Synthesized nanoparticles were calcined at temperature between 400 and 800 ◦ C and an optimal calcination temperature was found to be 600 ◦ C. Band-gap was determined by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy and found to vary from 1.93 to 2.07 eV. X-ray diff raction (XRD) has confi rmed single phase rhombohedral crystal structure with R3c symmetry. Avg crystallite size was found to be higher (40–68 nm) in auto-combustion reaction compared to that of 23–42 nm obtained in sol–gel method without auto-combustion reaction. The band-gap energy was found to reduce with decreasing crystallite size (above the critical size of 10 nm) following Brus’s eff ective mass model. Induced strain was found to exhibit an inverse relation with crystallite size and displayed substantial reduction in auto-combustion reaction route. The microstructural features were investigated by fi eld emission scanning electronic microscopy and avgparticle size was shown to vary from 107 to 197 nm depending on adopted synthesis route. A low reaction temperature (70 ◦ C–80 ◦ C) without auto-combustion and calcination temperature at 600◦ C were found to be optimal conditions for the preparation of low impurity un-doped bismuth ferrite nanaoparticles.