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Jan Drews,Jonas Harder,Hannah Kaiser,Miriam Soenarjo,Dorothee Spahlinger,Peter Wohlmuth,Sebastian Wirtz,Ralf Eberhardt,Florian Bornitz,Torsten Bunde,Thomas von Hahn 대한소화기내시경학회 2024 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.57 No.2
Background/Aims: Hypoxemia is a common side effect of propofol sedation during endoscopy. Applying mild positive airway pressure (PAP) using a nasal mask may offer a simple way to reduce such events and optimize the conditions for diagnostic and therapeutic upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. Methods: We compared overweight patients (body mass index >25 kg/m2) with a nasal PAP mask or standard nasal cannula undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopies by non-anesthesiologists who provided propofol sedation. Outcome parameters included the frequency and severity of hypoxemic episodes. Results: We analyzed 102 procedures in 51 patients with nasal PAP masks and 51 controls. Episodes of hypoxemia (oxygen saturation [SpO2] <90% at any time during sedation) occurred in 25 (49.0%) controls compared to 8 (15.7%) patients with nasal PAP masks (p<0.001). Severe hypoxemia (SpO2 <80%) occurred in three individuals (5.9%) in both groups. The mean delta between baseline SpO2 and the lowest SpO2 recorded was significantly decreased among patients with nasal PAP mask compared to controls (3.7 and 8.2 percentage points difference, respectively). There were significantly fewer airway interventions performed in the nasal PAP mask group (15.7% vs. 41.2%, p=0.008). Conclusions: Using a nasal PAP mask may be a simple means of increasing patient safety and ease of examination.
Female Gametophyte Development
Ramin Yadegari,Gary N. Drews 한국식물학회 2013 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.56 No.6
Great attention has been drawn toward researchon female gametophyte (FG) development, and many mutantshave been identified with abnormal formation. Althoughstudies are being conducted on the function and expressionof individual regulatory genes, only a few projects havefocused on gene regulatory networks. Here, we briefly reviewedthe molecular mechanisms and factors that affect FGdevelopment and discuss our ongoing investigations withgymnosperms. The progress that has already been reportedin this field serves as a strong foundation for future examinationsof those gene networks that control steps in plant reproduction.
Lee, Kibaek,Kim, Yea-Won,Lee, Seonki,Lee, Sang Hyun,Nahm, Chang Hyun,Kwon, Hyeokpil,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Koyuncu, Ismail,Drews, Anja,Lee, Chung-Hak,Lee, Jung-Kee American Chemical Society 2018 Environmental science & technology Vol.52 No.11
<P>Bacterial quorum quenching (QQ) by means of degrading signaling molecules has been applied to antibiofouling strategies in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for wastewater treatment. However, the target signaling molecules have been limited to <I>N</I>-acyl homoserine lactones participating in intraspecies quorum sensing. Here, an approach to disrupting autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signaling molecules participating in interspecies quorum sensing was pursued as a next-generation antibiofouling strategy in an MBR for wastewater treatment. We isolated an indigenous QQ bacterium (<I>Acinetobacter</I> sp. DKY-1) that can attenuate the expression of the quorum-sensing (QS) response through the inactivation of an autoinducer-2 signaling molecule, 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD), among four kinds of autoinducer-2 QS bacteria. DKY-1 released AI-2 QQ compounds, which were verified to be hydrophilic with a molecular weight of <400 Da. The addition of DKY-1 entrapping beads into an MBR significantly decreased DPD concentration and remarkably reduced membrane biofouling. This new approach, combining molecular biology with wastewater engineering, could enlarge the range of QQ-MBR for antibiofouling and energy savings in the field of wastewater treatment.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Does hyrax expansion therapy affect maxillary sinus volume? : A cone-beam computed tomography report
Drew M. Darsey,Jeryl D. English,Chung H. Kau,Randy K. Ellis,Sercan Akyalcin 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2012 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.42 No.2
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the initial effects of maxillary expansion therapy with Hyrax appliance and to evaluate the related changes in maxillary sinus volume. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients (20 females, 10 males; 13.8 years) requiring maxillary expansion therapy, as part of their comprehensive orthodontic treatment, were examined. Each patient had cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images taken before (T1) and after (T2) maxillary expansion therapy with a banded Hyrax appliance. Multiplanar slices were used to measure linear dimensions and palatal vault angle. Volumetric analysis was used to measure maxillary sinus volumes. Student t tests were used to compare the pre- and post-treatment measurements. Additionally, differences between two age groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U test. The level of significance was set at p=0.05. Results: Comparison of pre-treatment to post-treatment variables revealed significant changes in the transverse dimension related to both maxillary skeletal and dental structures and palatal vault angle, resulting in a widened palatal vault (p<0.05). Hard palate showed no significant movement in the vertical and anteroposterior planes. Nasal cavity width increased on a mean value of 0.93 mm (SD=0.23, p<0.05). Maxillary sinus volume remained virtually stable. No significant age differences were observed in the sample. Conclusions: Hyrax expansion therapy did not have a significant impact on maxillary sinus volume.
The Path to Life Cycle Carbon Neutrality in High Rise Buildings
Drew, Chris,Quintanilla, Natalia Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2017 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.6 No.4
Across the world, building energy codes are becoming stricter, demanding higher levels of energy performance with each issuance. Some locations have taken initiatives to eliminate operational emissions altogether by requiring buildings to be carbon neutral. However, while the objectives of carbon neutrality are without doubt statement worthy, we believe that once operational performance has been tackled to a reasonable level of performance the sights should be trained on a different objective-life; cycle carbon. This paper defines what we mean by life cycle carbon neutrality and presents an approach toward reducing it.
Association between ethnicity and hypertension in Northern Colombia in 2015
Drew H. Smith,Jaskaran Grewal,Saba Mehboob,Shiva Mohan,Luisa F. Pombo,Pura Rodriguez,Juan Carlos Gonzalez,Juan Zevallos,Noël C. Barengo 대한고혈압학회 2022 Clinical Hypertension Vol.28 No.-
Studies in the United States have shown a genetic predisposition to hypertension in individuals of African descent. However, studies on the associations between ethnic groups and hypertension in Latin America are lacking and the limited results have been inconsistent. The objective of this study is to determine whether Afro-Colombian ethnicity increases the risk of hypertension. This study is a secondary data analysis of a cross sectional study from five provinces in Northern Colombia. Randomly selected individuals ( N = 2613; age-range 18–74 years) enrolled in a health care insurance company underwent physical examinations and completed questionnaires regarding ethnicity, lifestyle, and other risk factors. Hypertension in these patients was determined. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analysis were calculated to determine the association between ethnicity and hypertension. No association between Afro-Colombian ethnicity and hypertension was found (odds ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–1.09). As expected, people with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher were at a greater risk of having hypertension (OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 2.35–4.16) compared with those with a normal BMI.Findings from this study suggest no independent association between Afro-Colombian ethnicity and hypertension. Further research should focus on genotyping or socioeconomic factors such as income level.
Drew Ahn,Su-Jeong Suh 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.2
Due to the development of the 4th industry, the problem of electromagnetic noise caused by electromagnetic waves continues to occur. Therefore, the need for electromagnetic wave absorbers in the high frequency band is becoming more important. The purpose of this study is to prepare CoNi nanoparticles for EMWs absorbers in the high frequency regions and evaluate magnetic properties according to the synthesis conditions. In order to synthesize CoNi, a polyol process that allows easy controls of composition, particle size, and shape and has small aggregation was used. In addition, to make the particle size smaller, AgNO3 was added to proceed to heterogeneous nucleation. To investigate the characteristics, the morphology and composition of the materials are analyzed by SEM and EDS. XRD was performed to confirm the crystal structures of the prepared materials. TEM is used to determine the microstructures and sizes of the materials. Magnetic properties are confirmed using VSM. Electromagnetic properties (complex permeability, permittivity) are measured using VNA and reflection loss is calculated by transmission-line theory. CoNi nanoparticles with a different composition show feasibility for EMWs absorbers in high-frequency bands.