Populus alba×P. glandulosa의 生長과 土壤水分과의 關係

孫斗植 경북대학교 1983 새마을 硏究論叢 Vol.3 No.-

Populus alba×P. glandulosa shows good growth in the lower part of the hillside but not in the upper part of it. This study was carried out to find this reason and the response the growth of this hybrid and its parents to different site conditions, especially soil moisture content. The 0/1 stocks of P. alba×P. glandulosa or its parents, P. alba, p. glandulosa and P. davidiana, was planted in a pot and the relation between the soil water potential or leaf water potential and the growth of these species after irrigation with the different interval of days was studied, and in the plantation the relation between the growth and the soil moisture content of different sites in the different days after rainfall with 210mm was investigated. 1. In the pot, the growth was best at -0.05 bar and was reduced slightly at -0.1bar but was very poor at -2 bar of soil water potential(ψ_s). 2. The relation between the leaf water potential(ψ_l) and soil water potential(ψ_s) was liner. Even at the same value of soil water potential(ψ_s), the leaf water potential(ψ_l) was apparent differently by the species. 3. From the results of both the soil water potential(ψ_s) and the leaf water potential(ψ_l), it is proved that in the response of growth to soil moisture, P. alba×P. glandulosa and P. alba was very sensitive, P. davidiana was less sensitive than the formers and P. glandulosa showed intermediate degree of sensitivity for P. alba and P. davidiana. 4. In the hillside plantation, the soil moisture content after rainfall was reduced slowly in the lower part of hill and very rapidly in the upper part of it. 5. In the plantation, the growth performed good at the -0.09 to -0.1 bar of the soil water potential(ψ_s) but very poor at the -1.0 bar of it. 6. High positive correlation was shown between the growth performance and soil moisture content in the P. alba×P. glandulosa plantation; r=0.954 for height growth and r=0.554 for D. B. H. The soil moisture is appeared to be the most effective factor in the growth of these species.

土壤因子가 이태리 포플러의 生長에 미치는 영향

孫斗植,朱城賢,洪盛千 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1996 慶北大農學誌 Vol.14 No.-

이태리포플러의 生長에 가장 影響을 많이 주는 土壤困子를 찾기 위해서 이태리포플러 适林地 23個 地域을 河川邊, 農耕地, 山麓部로 區分하여 그 生長과 土壤困子와의 關係를 調査하였다. 이태리포플러의 生長은 土壤環境 條件이 有利한 河川變의 适林地가 優秀하였고, 山麓部의 适林地는 河川變에 比하여 21%나 生長이 떨어지므로 收益性이 없을 것으로 생각되며, 農耕地의 适林地는 土壤이 肥沃하여 生長이 良好할 것으로 생각되었으나, 河川變에 比하여 生長이 8%정도 떨어졌다. 그러나 農耕地中 堆積地나 盛土部는 生長이 比較的 良好하였다. 이태리포플러의 生長이 良好한 适林地의 土壤은 대체로 液相 20%, 土壤孔隙率 45%, 溶水量 35∼40%, 土壤硬度 1kg/cm²土壤에H 6인 곳이었으며, 有機物과 全質素가 많은 곳에서 生長이 良好하였다. 이태리포플러의 生長이 良好한 造林地의 土壤은 대체로 液相 20%, 土壤孔隙率 45%, 容水量 35∼40%, 土壤硬度 1kg/cm², 土壤pH 6인 곳이었으며, 有機物과 全窒素가 많은 곳에서 生長이 良好하였다. 이태리포플러의 生長에 影響을 미치는 土壤困子에 대한 要困分析을 한 結果 eigenvalue가 1以下 communality가 70% 以下되는 要困 1은 液相, 孔隙率, 溶水量, 要困 2는 土壤 pH 및 칼슘, 要困 3은 土壤硬度로 나타났다. 그러므로 이태리포플러의 生長은 土壤의 化學的 性質보다는 物理的 性質에 더 많은 影響을 받는 것으로 생각된다 이태리포플러의 直徑生長과 土壤困子간 多重回歸分析에서 土壤硬度, 液相 및 칼슘에 대한 t-value가 1∼10%의 有意性이 認定되므로 線型模型式이 成立되었고 溶水量과 土壤 pH는 有意性이 없었다. 綜合的으로 보면 이태리포플러의 适林適地는 堆積地인 砂質壤土 혹은 盛土部로서 土壤硬度가 낮고 通氣性이 良好하며, 地下水位가 100cm 內外로 土壤水分이 適當하고 有機物과 全質素가 充分한 弱酸性 土壤이 좋을 것으로 判斷된다. In order to evaluate soil factors affecting the growth of Italian poplar, 23 areas planted with Italian poplar were surveyed. These 23 areas were classified into 3 catergories, ricer-side, fallow-land and hill-side. The growth performance and soil factors for each area were investigated. The growth of Italian poplar at river-side was shown to be superior to that of fallow-land and fill-side. The rates of growth for fallow-land and hill-side are decreased by 8% and 21% compared to those of river-side, respectively. This suggests that plantation Italian poplar at hill-side would not be profitable. Soil conditions of high productive area appeared liquid phase 20%, porosity 45%, water holding capacity 35-40%, soil hardness 1kg/㎠, pH 6 and rich in organic matter and total nitrogen. The results of factor analysis for soil factors affecting to Italian poplar growth that showed eigenvalue over 1 and communality value over 70% explained factor 1 : liquid phase, porosity and water holding capacity, factor 2 : pH and calcium, and factor 3 : soil hardness. This suggests that physical characteristics of soil is more important than chemical characteristics for Italian poplar growth. Multiregerssion analysis was conducted between diameter growth and soil hardness, liquid phase and calcium. The t-values for each independent variables showed significance at 1-10% level, but water holding capacity and pH are not significant. It is supposed that sites suitable to Italian poplar were alluvial plain of sandy loam or part of banking soil, well-ventilating soil. lower soil hardness, apposite soil moisture absorbing with about 100㎝of ground water level, plentiful organic matters and total nitrogen and little acidity soil.

부산지역 수돗물과 지하수의 중금속 농도

김준연,손지언,김형수,김두희,원미숙,김인식,이혜령 동아대학교 산업의학연구소 2000 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.5

This study investigated mean airborne CO concention of 15 workplaces, suspected of CO exposure and conducted self-reported questionnaire completion and indirect COHb concentration measure using Micro II Smokerlyzer to healthy 702 adult subjects from 1999 May to 1999 September in order to find a relation of CO exposure and occupational factors, socioeconomic factors, and health related behaviors and confirm the related conditions in the screening test for CO exposure. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. In the CO exposed and non exposed group, COHb concentrations of the smokers were 2.55±0.96% and 2.21±0.97% and that got a statistically significant difference, There were not statistically significant differences in the age and total smoking index. Passed times after the last smoking, Working time/day, and working duration were statistically significant difference (p〈0.05). 2. In the CO exposed and non exposed group, COHb concentrations of non-smoking group were 0.94±0.35% and 0.68±0.47% and that got a statistically significant difference. There were not statistically significant differences in the age and working duration but Working time/day was a statistically significant difference(p〈0.05). 3. In the CO exposed group, r-square of multiple regression of the smokers was 38.5 % and passed time after the last smoking, working time/day, and job category were statistically significant differences (p〈0.05). And r-square in the CO non-exposed group was 38.3 % and age, passed time after the last smoking, and total smoking index were statistically significant difference. 4. In the CO exposed group, r-square of multiple repression of the non-smokers was 66.3% and job category and airborne CO concentration were statistically significant differences(p〈0.05). But r-square of non-smokers in the CO non-exposed group was 1.0% and there was not a statistically significant difference(p〈0.05). 5. In the smokers of CO exposed and non exposed groups, relation of COHb concentration and passed time after the last smoking was expressed as exponential function, Y = 2.9182e-0.0083x and r-square of this function was 37.4%. Therefore it was more than 150 minutes that passed time after the last smoking was when COHb concentrations were measured as less than 1%. In conclusion, variable, that was statistically significant to COHb concentraion in the both CO exposed and non-exposed smokers, was a passed time after the last smoking. We suggest that you have to restrict the smoking of smokers at least 150 minutes in the exposed and non exposed group before COHb concentration measure in order to exclude smoking effects

形態的 特性에 의한 수원사시나무의 雜種性

Doo Sik Son(孫斗植),Jae Woo Hwang(黃在禹),Chang Ok Choi(崔章玉),Ka Aeng Ha(河佳鶯),Jae Durk Seo(徐在德) 한국육종학회 1994 한국육종학회지 Vol.26 No.2

In order to study the hybridity and origin of Populus glandulosa, the pollen tree of Populus alba×P. glondulosa, the variation of morphological characteristics and rooting abillity of Populus glandulosa were compared with those of P. tomentosa, P. davidiana and P. albs. The morphological characteristics, such as leaf length and width, petiole, leaf pubescence, gland of leaf base and stomata were investigated and global morphological comparison among these species was carried out by canonical discriminent analysis. Based on the morphological characteristics, P. tomentasa appeared to be intermediated of P. alba and P. davidiana, and P. glandulosa appeared to be the intermediate of and P. tomentosa and P. davidiana while P. dawidiana originated from Buchum and Suwon appeared to be the intermediate of P. glandulosa and P. davidiana. While P. davidiana had no rooting abillity as expected, P. tomentosa showed about 40% of rooting, which was about one half of the rooting ability of P. alba. P. glandulosa and Buchun & Suwon-originated P. davidiana showed 4~7% of poor rooting. This fact indicated rooting factor from P. alba was flowed into these species. P. tomentosa was reported already as a natural hybrid between P. alba var. Bolleana and P. davidiana in China. We can conclude from above results that P. glandulosa and P. davidiana originated from Buchun and Suwon is supposed to be an individual from hybrid between P. alba and P. davidiana.

곰솔과 소나무의 자연잡종으로 추정되는 잡종소나무의 특성

손두식(Doo Sik Son),권칠용(Chil Yong Kwon),박상준(Sang Jun Park) 한국산림과학회 1990 한국산림과학회지 Vol.79 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate some characteristics of selected trees recognized as natural hybrid between Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii for improving resistance to pine leaf gall midge. `Che results obtained were as follows. l. In the mean annual increment and the growth in the period of latest 5 years of DBH, hybrid pines showed intermediate value of the parents, Pinus densiflora and Pa`nus thunbergii. However, there was remarkable variation among individuals of hybrid pine. 2. The trees having resin duct index(RDI) value larger than 0.1 for the position of resin duct in needle was classified as hybrid pine. The leaf and leaf sheath of Pinus thunbergii was longer than that of Pinus densiflora and the distance between rows of stomata on needles of Pinus thunbergii was longer than that of Pinus detasiflora, and the values of those observations on hybrid pine were intermediate between the parent species. However, differences among individual was observed. 3. In the size of cone and seed, and weight of 1000 seeds, like in the leaf characteristics, Pinus thunbergii showed higher value than Pa`nus densiflora and those values of hybrid were intermediate between the parent species. 4. Assuming isoenzyme ADH-B₂, ME-A₂, PGI-B₁, and PGI-B₂ alleles observed in the hybrids were introgressed from Pinus thunbergii, the hybrid pine can be easily identified by these isoenzyme alleles. However, the individuals which do not have those alleles can not be identified.

솔잎혹파리에 대한 소나무류 침엽내의 저항성인자 조사

손두식(Doo Sik Son),엄태진(Tae Jin Eom),서재덕(Jae Durk Seo),이상록(Sang Rok Lee) 한국산림과학회 1996 한국산림과학회지 Vol.85 No.2

The objectives of this paper were to study the existence of resistant substance to pine gall midge from needles of Pinus densiflora, P. thunbergii, P. virginiana, and P. thunbergii×P. virginiana, and also to investigat whether terpenoids, fragrant substance contained in those species seduce or evade imago of pine gall midge to oviposit. Also, terpenoids and phenolic compounds were bioassayed. on larva, The results are follows. Adults of pine gall midge oviposited indiscriminately all investigated pine species, while gall formation rate by pine gall midge showed 0% in Pinus virginiana, 9% in P. thunbergii × P. virginiana, 22% in P. thunbergii. It is suggested that young larvae is necrotized by resistant substance in the needles of P. virginiana. This results might mean that fragrant substance, terpenoids, extracted from pine species is not seducible or evadable substance. Larvae of pine gall midge placed on terpenoid and resin were not necrotized. The necrosis rate of larvae of pine gall midge cultivated in the solution of phenolic compounds extracted from needles of P. virginiana, salicylic acid and chitinase showed 89, 92, and 86% respectively. And necrosis rate was 56 and 59% in phenolic compounds extracted from P. densiflora and gallic acid respectively. So, it is postulated that phenolic compounds contained in needles of P. virginiana, salicylic acid and chitinase are resistant substance to pine gall midge.

춘양목의 동위효소에 의한 유전변이와 심재율

손두식(Doo Sik Son),홍성천(Sung Chun Hong),주성현(Sung Hyun Joo),장약명(Ruo Ming Zhang),오승환(Seung Hwan Oh) 한국산림과학회 2002 한국산림과학회지 Vol.91 No.3

N/A

Populus alba × P . glandulosa 교배양친수의 (交配兩親樹) 생장에 대한 유전변이의 추정

손두식 ( Doo Sik Son ) 한국산림과학회 1982 한국산림과학회지 Vol.58 No.1

Genetic variance and heritability for height growth of Populus alba × P. glandulosa were estimated. Remarkable different between P. alba × alba(Italy). female and P. alba naturalized in Korea was observed in the genetic variance and therefore genetic character of the P. alba × alba(Italy) was considered better than that of P. alba. The heritability (83%) for the female was considerably high. On the other hand, P. glandulosa, pollen tree. showed narrow genetic variance and also very heritability(17%). Two(A and B) of three pollen trees showed the same trend in the genetric variance. However, the other(c) was somewhat different from A and B. Similarly, rooting ability of cuttings differed between female trees, but did not between male trees. Naturalized Pl alba showed relatively higher rooting ability than P. alba × alba(Italy). In the pollen trees, the ability was similar in two male trees. However, the other male tree(c) was slightly poorer than the other two.

소나무 및 곰솔의 수지구지수에 (樹脂溝脂數) 따른 침엽 , 구과 (毬果) 및 종자의 형태적 특성과 동위효소의 변이

손두식(Doo Sik Son),박상준(Sang Jun Park),황재우(Jae Woo Hwang) 한국산림과학회 1990 한국산림과학회지 Vol.79 No.4

The variation of needle, cone and seed characteristics and of allelic frequency in isoenzyme, ADH, ME and PGI, according to different resin duct index in Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii and their hybrids was analyzed. The results obtained were as follows : 1. With increase of number of resin ducts, morphological characteristics such as needle length, needle sheath length, cone size, seed size, seed wing size, 1000 seeds weight, etc. tended to he increased, while number of stomata row in needle to be decreased. 2. As the results of discriminant analysis for the morphological characteristics of needle, cone and seed, most individuals are generally coincided with number of resin duct mostly in Pinus densiflora were not. 3. According to the canonical discriminant function obtained from the morphological characteristics in Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii and their hybrids including introgressive hybrid, the resin duct index, 1000 seeds weight, cone size and neelde sheath length characterized fairly their species. 4. With increase of resin duct index, hybrid index tended to be higher. The results obtained from the discriminant analysis and the hybrid index were nearly same each other. 5. With increase of number of resin duct, the allelic frequencies for isoenzyme, ADH-B₂, ME-A₂ and PGI-B₁. B₂ tended to increase but those of ADH-B₃, ME-A₄, and PGI-B₃, to decrease. It is thought that this increase of frequency for the former four isoenzymes was resulted in introgressive gene flow from Pinus thunbergii to Pines densiflora and accordingly the frequency of latter three isoenzymes tended to decrease.

경북지방 소나무 및 곰솔집단의 동위효소에 의한 유전변이

손두식(Doo Sik Son),홍성천(Sung Chun Hong),여진기(Jin Kie Yeo),류장발(Jang Bal Ryu) 한국산림과학회 1989 한국산림과학회지 Vol.78 No.4

This study was conducted to estimate genetic variation of Pinus densiflora in Kyungpook province which shows morphological variation between northern and southern types. Six isozymes sueh as IDH, ME, PGI, ADH, GOT and LAP was analyzed using megagametophyte tissue of seeds by electrophoresis and 16 populatios of Pinus densiflora and 5 of Pinus thunbergii were tested. $quot;The results obtained were as follows ; 1 In P. densiflora, 13 Loci were found in 6 isozymes and 8 loci of them were polymorphic, having 24 alleles, while in Pinus thunbergii, there were 18 alleles detected from 6 loci among the same number of loci as in Pinus densiflora. 2. The genotypic frequency in Pizzus densiflora vary slightly among populations for some isozymes, but most of them satisfied the law of Hardy-Weinherg equilibrium, while some populations such as Youngil for ADH and LAY, Youngyang for ADH and Bonghwa for LAY did not follow the law and showed high fixation index values and homozygosities higher than expected. 3. The variation among populations based on the genetic distance was small except populations of Youngju, Baegam, Gyungju and Sangju, however they could be clustered by three groups : northern Kyungpook group including Mt. Taebak, inland Kyungpook group represented by Sungju, Eusung and Kumleung population and coastal Kyungpook group represented by Baegam and Gyungju population. 4. No significant difference was found in 6 isozymes between northern and southern types of Pinus densiflora which was morphologically different. 5. The frequency of heterozygous loci per tree was higher in Pinus densiflora especially for ME-A and A DH-B, while (hat of homozygous loci was higher in Pinus thunbergii except for ADH-B, LAY-B and PGI-B locus.