Fuzzy‑Logic‑Controlled Shunt‑Active‑Filter in IEEE Thirty‑Bus‑ System with Improved‑Dynamic Time‑Response

S. Dhandayuthapani,K. Anisha 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.1

This efort endeavors on improving the dynamic time-response of a Wind Energy Conversion System associated to IEEE Thirty-Bus-System (TBS) using closed loop controlled Active Power Filter with FL-Controller. This efort deals with modeling & simulation of IEEE TBS employing FL-Controller based Shunt-active-flter. The SAF is executed with VoltageSource-Inverter & the switching-pulses are created utilizing FL-Controller. In this proposed work open loop IEEE TBS with and without SAF, closed loop PI and FLC based SAF are simulated and the corresponding time domain parameters are given. The outcome represents that FL-Controller system has better response than PI Controlled Shunt Active Filter system. The contribution of this work is to improve the dynamic response of SAF–TBS using FL -Controller.

Apoptosis Induction by Ocimum sanctum Extract in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells

Sivanesan Dhandayuthapani,Hasan Azad,Appu Rathinavelu 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.7

Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn), commonly known as ‘‘holy basil,’’ has been used for the treatment of a wide range of ailments in many parts of the world. This study focuses on apoptosis-inducing ability of tulsi extract on prostate cancer cells. For this purpose LNCaP prostate cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of 70% ethanolic extract of tulsi (EET) and then the cytotoxicity was determined after 24 and 48 h. After treatment with EET externalization of phosphatidyl serine (PS) from the inner membrane to outer leaflet of the plasma membrane was clearly evidenced by the results obtained from both flow cytometry analysis with Annexin V-FITC and pSIVA-IANBD binding fluorescence microscopy assay. Depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential was also evidenced by the presence of 5,5',6,6'-tetrachlolo-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl benzimedazolyl carbocyanine iodide ( JC-1) monomeric form in the EET-treated cells that emitted the green fluorescence when compared with the control cells that emitted the red fluorescence due to aggregation of JC-1. Furthermore, the level of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and Bcl-2 were determined using western blot analysis. When compared to the control cells the level of cleaved PARP was found to be higher with a concomitant decrease in the Bcl-2 level after 24 h of treatment of cells with EET. In addition, treatment with EET significantly elevated the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in LNCaP cells compared with the control. Also, after 48 h of treatment all doses used in this study showed clear fragments of DNA, which is one of the hallmarks of apoptosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that, EET can effectively induce apoptosis in LNCaP cells via activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 that can eventually lead to DNA fragmentation and cell death.

Induction of Apoptosis in HeLa Cells via Caspase Activation by Resveratrol and Genistein

Sivanesan Dhandayuthapani,Palanisamy Marimuthu,Vanessa Hormann,James Kumi-Diaka,Appu Rathinavelu 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.2

Selectively inducing apoptosis in cancer cells is a much desired strategy when tolerance toward side effects is minimal during chemotherapy. In our search for natural products that can induce apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), we selected resveratrol and genistein for our study. We conducted several experiments to test whether genistein can synergistically enhance the apoptotic potential of resveratrol at doses lower than the usual cytotoxic dose. Both resveratrol and genistein were able to induce apoptosis by enhancing the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 by themselves and also in combination. After 24 h of exposure to resveratrol and genistein, individually or in combination, lowered mitochondrial membrane potential was observed in HeLa cells. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa cells was decreased, forcing JC-1 to stay in the monomeric form. The monomeric JC-1(5,5′,6,6′ -tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl benzimedazolyl carbocyanine iodide) emitted green fluorescence. In the control group, the color of the fluorescence was red due to aggregation of JC-1 in the physiological pH. The treatment groups exhibited DNA fragmentation as the hallmark of apoptotic nuclear features. We also detected an obvious decrease in the level of HDM2 gene expression after both individual and combination treatments with resveratrol and genistein. Our findings suggest that resveratrol and genistein when combined can induce apoptosis at doses lower than usual doses, through the activation of caspases cascade, and by decreasing the expression of HDM2.

Bromelain-Induced Apoptosis in GI-101A Breast Cancer Cells

Sivanesan Dhandayuthapani,Honey Diaz Perez,Alexandra Paroulek,Panneerselvam Chinnakkannu,Umadevi Kandalam,Mark Jaffe,Appu Rathinavelu 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.4

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from the stems and the immature fruits of pineapple that was found to be antitumorigenic in different in vitro models. Bromelain has been reported to promote apoptosis, particularly in breast cancer cells, with the up-regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 kinase. Our study was designed to determine if bromelain could induce apoptosis in GI-101A breast cancer cells. GI-101A cells were treated with increasing concentrations of bromelain for 24 hours. The effect of bromelain for inducing cell death via activation of the apoptosis mechanism in GI-101A cells was further determined by using caspase-9 and caspase-3 assays along with the M30-Apoptosense assay to measure cytokeratin 18 (CK18) levels in the cytoplasm of the cultured cancer cells. A dose-dependent increase in the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 coinciding with elevation of CK18 levels was found in bromelain-treated cells compared with control cells. Furthermore, the apoptosis induction by bromelain was confirmed by DNA fragmentation analysis and 4,60-diamino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride fluorescence staining of the nucleus. Our results indicate an increase in apoptosisrelated cell death in breast cancer cells with increasing concentrations of bromelain.

Phycocyanin Induces Apoptosis and Enhances the Effect of Topotecan on Prostate Cell Line LNCaP

Miroslav Gantar,Sivanesan Dhandayuthapani,Appu Rathinavelu 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.12

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina has been previously shown to have anticancer properties. Here, we report on anticancer activity of C-PC that was isolated from the novel cyanobacterium Limnothrix sp. 37-2-1. C-PC from this organism exhibited anticancer properties in our in vitro systems; however, the required doses were well above the range of anticancer drugs normally used. Therefore, we conducted several experiments to test whether lower-than-usual doses of the anticancer drug topotecan (TPT) can offer the same level of cytotoxic effects as normal doses when combined with C-PC. For this purpose, cytotoxicities of C-PC and TPT were tested using the LNCaP (prostate cancer) cells. We found that when only 10% of a typical dose of TPT was combined with C-PC, the cancer cells were killed at a higher rate than when TPT was used alone at full dose. Similarly, we were also able to detect an increased level of radical oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as an increase in activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 when these two compounds were used in combination. Taken together, our findings suggest that combining C-PC from Limnothrix sp. with the lower dose of TPT can induce apoptosis through generation of ROS and activation of caspases. In that respect, we suggest that C-PC can potentially improve the efficacy of the currently available anticancer drug, and therefore diminish its harsh side effects in the patient.

Seminal reactive oxygen species and total antioxidant capacity: Correlations with sperm parameters and impact on male infertility

Subramanian, Vidyalakshmi,Ravichandran, Aishwarya,Thiagarajan, Nivethitha,Govindarajan, Matheswari,Dhandayuthapani, Silambuchelvi,Suresh, Sujatha The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2018 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.45 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the seminal fluid of the male partners in couples undergoing intrauterine insemination and to evaluate correlations between these values and their semen parameters. Methods: The study was conducted at Vamsam Fertility Center, Coimbatore, India and enrolled 110 male patients from whom semen samples were collected. ROS production was measured by a thiobarbituric acid reactive species assay, and TAC was measured by a 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical assay. The differences in the TAC and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels between the subfertile and fertile groups were analysed. Correlations between sperm parameters and TAC and MDA levels were statistically analysed, and cutoff values with respect to the controls were determined. All hypothesis tests used were two-tailed, with statistical significance assessed at the level of p< 0.05. Results: A total of 87 subfertile and 23 fertile men were included in the study. The mean MDA level was significantly higher in the subfertile subjects than in the fertile subjects, and the mean antioxidant level was significantly lower in the subfertile subjects than in the fertile subjects. Seminal MDA levels were negatively associated with sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, whereas the opposite was seen with TAC levels. Conclusion: Measurements of seminal TAC and ROS are valuable for predicting semen quality, and hence predicting the outcomes of fertility treatment.