中国电影投融资的法律规制初探

?赤?(Han, Chi Feng),?德?(Zhang, De Shuang) 영남대학교 중국연구센터 2014 중국과 중국학 Vol.22 No.-

최근에 중국영화의 폭발적인 증가 추세에 따라 중국의 영화시장에는 원래 없었던 번영이 나타났다. 그와 동시에 중국영화의 투자·융자 방식도 중대한 변화가 일어났다. 즉, 국가투자를 위주로 하였던 영화시장에서 사적 자본이 대규모적으로 몰려왔다. 충족한 자금에 의거하여 중국영화의 연간 생산량이 500편에 달하게 되었지만 사실 그 중에 50%도 채 안 되는 영화가 개봉될 수 있다. 영화자금이 진정 국민 문화생활을 풍부하게 하는 자금이 될 수 있도록 중국영화의 개방적인 확장을 어떻게 억제하는가 하는 점이 중국이 당면하고 있는 문제가 되고 있다. 중국 영화의 투자·융자 경로는 주로 뱅크 론(bank loan), 영화 전문기금, 영화예매 융자, 증권시장 융자와 사모펀드 등이 있다. 각각 장단점이 있는 위와 같은 여러 경로들이 공동적으로 중국 영화산업의 운영을 뒷받침 하고 있다. 그 중에 사모펀드는 세계 각국 특히 영화산업선진국이 일반적으로 인정하고 취하고 있는 방식이며 중국에서도 급부상하고 있는 융자방식이다. 영화기금의 발전은 양호한 영화금융환경을 필요로 한다. 이 모든 것은 법률규제와 매우 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있다. 중국에서 영화 투자·융자에 관한 법률·법규가 이미 많이 공포되고 있지만 아직 여러 측면에서 세계적인 선진수준에 뒤지고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 진일보로 영화의 투자·융자 경로를 확장하고 기존의 영화 투자·융자를 규범화하는 가장 좋은 방법은 그에 관한 법제 정비의 추진을 가속화하는 것이다. In recent years, the Chinese film market has entered a period of prosperity as the explosive rise in the field, however, the investment and financing system of the Chinese film market changes in the same time. More and more film are invested by social capital instead of Chinese government. The pouring of social capital is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the quantity of films grows to 500 per year, on the other hand, less than half of those films would finally be cinematic released. How to restrain the extensive growth and make the fund truly enrich people’s cultural life has been put in front of the public. The investment and financing of the Chinese film at the moment mainly contains bank loans, special film fund, film pre-sale financing, securities market financing, and private equity financing. These ways of financing all have their advantages and disadvantages, and they together support the operation of Chinese film industry. Private equity financing, among them, has been accepted and applied widely around the world, especially in those countries with highly developed film industry, and it becomes more and more popular in China, too. Developing the film fund is based on a healthy environment of financing, which is inseparable from regulations and laws. China has issued many relevant policies and regulations, however, it is behind the world level in many aspects. Therefore, to accelerate the construction of relevant legal system is the best way to broaden the financing methods and regulate the existence ones.

ON COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS OF WEAKLY COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS SATISFYING CONTRACTIVE INEQUALITIES OF INTEGRAL TYPE

Chi Feng,Na Liu,Soo Hak Shim,CHAHN YONG JUNG 경남대학교 수학교육과 2021 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.26 No.2

Three common fixed point theorems for weaklycompatible mappings satisfying three classes of contractiveinequalities of integral type are proved. Three examples areincluded. The results obtained in this paper extend and improve afew results existing in literature.

Description of a new species of the genus Anochetus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Orchid Island, Taiwan

Chi-Man Leong,Wei-Huang Tsai,Mamoru Terayama,Shiuh-Feng Shiao,Chung-Chi Lin 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

A trap-jaw ant Anochetus lanyuensis sp. nov., belonging to the graeffei species group Brown, 1978, is described onthe basis of worker and gyne castes from Orchid Island (Lanyu), Taiwan. A. lanyuensis sp. nov. is easily distinguishablefrom the other species in the graeffei species group by the large size of its eye, longitudinal striae onthe pronotal disc, and concave dorsal margin of the petiolar node in the frontal view.

Post-diagnosis Soy Food Intake and Breast Cancer Survival: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies

Chi, Feng,Wu, Rong,Zeng, Yue-Can,Xing, Rui,Liu, Yang,Xu, Zhao-Guo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Background and Objectives: Data on associations between soy food intake after cancer diagnosis with breast cancer survival are conflicting, so we conducted this meta-analysis for more accurate evaluation. Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted to find cohort studies of the relationship between soy food intake after cancer diagnosis and breast cancer survival. Data were analyzed with comprehensive meta-analysis software. Results: Five cohort studies (11,206 patients) were included. Pooling all comparisons, soy food intake after diagnosis was associated with reduced mortality (HR 0.85, 95%CI 0.77 0.93) and recurrence (HR 0.79, 95%CI 0.72 0.87). Pooling the comparisons of highest vs. lowest dose, soy food intake after diagnosis was again associated with reduced mortality (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.71 0.99) and recurrence (HR 0.74, 95%CI 0.64 0.85). Subgroup analysis of ER status showed that soy food intake was associated with reduced mortality in both ER negative (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.75, 95%CI 0.64 0.88) and ER positive patients (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.61 0.84), and both premenopausal (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.78, 95%CI 0.69 0.88) and postmenopausal patients (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.81, 95%CI 0.73 0.91). In additioin, soy food intake was associated with reduced recurrence in ER negative (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.64, 95%CI 0.44 0.94) and ER+/PR+ (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.65, 95%CI 0.49 0.86), and postmenopausal patients (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.67, 95%CI 0.56 0.80). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed that soy food intake might be associated with better survival, especially for ER negative, ER+/PR+, and postmenopausal patients.

Enhanced x-ray irradiation-induced cancer cell damage by gold nanoparticles treated by a new synthesis method of polyethylene glycol modification

Liu, Chi-Jen,Wang, Chang-Hai,Chien, Chia-Chi,Yang, Tsung-Yeh,Chen, Shin-Tai,Leng, Wei-Hua,Lee, Cheng-Feng,Lee, Kuen-Ho,Hwu, Y,Lee, Yao-Chang,Cheng, Chia-Liang,Yang, Chung-Shi,Chen, Y J,Je, J H,Margari IOP Pub 2008 Nanotechnology Vol.19 No.29

<P>We explored a very interesting gold nanoparticle system—pegylated gold in colloidal solution—and analyzed its uptake by mice colorectal adenocarcinoma CT26 tumor cells and the impact on the cell’s response to x-ray irradiation. We found that exposure to polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified (‘pegylated’) 4.7 ± 2.6 nm gold nanoparticles synthesized by a novel synchrotron-based method enhances the response of CT26 cells to x-ray irradiation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal microscopy revealed that substantial amounts of such nanoparticles are taken up and absorbed by the cells and this conclusion is supported by quantitative induced coupled plasma (ICP) results. Standard tests indicated that the internalized particles are highly biocompatible but strongly enhance the cell damage induced by x-ray irradiation. Synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy analyzed the chemical aspects of this phenomenon: the appearance of C = O stretching bond spectral features could be used as a marker for cell damage and confirmed the enhancement of the radiation-induced toxicity for cells.</P>

Generalized Analysis of Message Propagation on Social Network

Min-Feng Wang,Chi-Sheng Huang,Meng-Feng Tsai,Bo-Ru Song,Shin-Fu Su,Cheng-Hsien Tang 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.5 No.2

雑誌 『亜細亜公論』にみゐ大正期 東アジア知認人の連携

紀旭峰(Chi Hsu-feng) 가천대학교 아시아문화연구소 2009 아시아문화연구 Vol.17 No.-

From the 19l0s to the 1920s, Japan saw the rise of liberalism and various other movements such as socialism and Marxism. Amidst this tumultuous blossoming of various schools of thought, The Asia Kunglun, a general monthly magazine, was launched by Lew Tai Kyoung, a Korean resident of Tokyo, in May 1922. While affording us a glance of the intellectual collaboration among intellectuals of the Taisho Period, this magazine allows us to grasp to a certain extent the exchanges among Taiwanese and Korean residents of Tokyo, a topic that has received scant attention until now. Among the various movements that have sought to capture Asia, The Asia Kunglun, which was forced to close after just nine issues, cannot be conclusively stated to have succeeded. However, this publication deserves notice for turning its back to the rising tide of Asianism of that period and providing a forum for talking about Asia from a variety of aspects.

中國의 宗敎政策과 朝鮮族의 宗敎文化

최봉룡(Chi, feng-long) 원광대학교 종교문제연구소 2004 한국종교 Vol.28 No.-

Characterization of Acid-soluble Collagens from the Cartilages of Scalloped Hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini), Red Stingray (Dasyatis akajei), and Skate (Raja porosa)

Chang-Feng Chi,Bin Wang,Zhong-Rui Li,Hong-Yu Luo,Guo-Fang Ding 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.4

Acid-soluble collagen from the cartilages of scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini, ASC-S), red stingray (Dasyatis akajei, ASC-D), and skate (Raja porosa,ASC-R) were isolated with yields of 5.64±0.41, 8.72±0.31,and 6.74±0.28% on the basis of wet weight, respectively. ASC-S, ASC-D, and ASC-R had glycine as the major amino acid with contents of 220, 231, and 228 residues/1,000 residues, respectively, and contained imino acid of 174, 155, and 142 residues/1,000 residues, respectively. Three kinds of collagens more likely were comprised of 2types of collagen (type I and II) and had some differences in primary structures. The denaturation temperatures (Tds)of the ASC-S, ASC-D, and ASC-R were 23.8, 15.1, and 12.1oC, respectively. Maximum solubility of the 3 ASCs in 0.5 M acetic acid was observed at pH 2, and a sharp decrease in solubility above 2%(w/v) was observed in the presence of NaCl. The 3 lyophilized collagens displayed loose, fibrous, and porous structures.

INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM IN THE ACDM UNIVERSE FROM COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS

FENG LONG-LONG,HE PING,FANG LIZHI,SHU CHI-WANG,ZHANG MENG-PING The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2

The temperature (T) and entropy (S) fields of baryonic gas, or intergalactic medium (IGM), in the ACDM cosmology are analyzed using simulation samples produced by a hybrid cosmological hydrodynamic/N-body code based on the weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme. We demonstrate that, in the nonlinear regime, the dynamical similarity between the IGM and dark matter will be broken in the presence of strong shocks in the IGM. The heating and entropy production by the shocks breaks the IGM into multiple phases. The multiphase and non-Gaussianity of the IGM field would be helpful to account for the high-temperature and high-entropy gas observed in groups and clusters with low-temperature IGM observed by Ly$\alpha$ forest lines and the intermittency observed by the spikes of quasi-stellar object's absorption spectrum.