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Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow between Glufosinate Ammonium-Tolerant GM and Non-GM Rice
Lee, Seung-Yeob,Kim, Min-Soo,Kim, Hyo-Jin,Ahn, Jeong-Ho,Baek, So-Hyeon,Shin, Woon-Chul,Kim, Hyun-Soon The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2007 식물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.1
To assess the risk of genetically modified (GM) rice on the agricultural ecosystem, agronomic characteristics, pollen longevity and outcrossing rate between GM (Iksan 483 and Milyang 204) and non-GM (their wild types and female parents) varieties were investigated using the bar gene as a tracer marker in paddy field. The agronomic characteristics of two GM rice were similar to their female-parents (non-GM rice) except heading date and 1,000 grain weight of Iksan 483, and they did not show a difference by the introgression of the bar gene as the genetic traits of rice varieties. Pollen viability was more than 90% just after shedding, and it was rapidly decreased below 50% at 5 minutes after shedding both GM and non-GM varieties. The Pollen longevity was lost after 30 minutes of anthesis. When the distance of gene flow from GM to non-GM rice detected to 6 m from the edge of GM rice plant, the maximum distance of pollen dispersal was 4.5m and 3.9m in Iksan 483 and Milyang 204, respectively, and that was increased in order of west, south, east, and north to the dominant wind direction, west-south. Mean outcrossing rate was very low as 0.003 and 0.001% within 1.5 m from the edge of Iksan 483 and Milyang 204, and the GM hybrids by the pollen dispersal did not detected over 4.5 m from the edge of GM rice plant. The results may help to establish the strategy which reduce the risk of pollen-mediated gene flow between GM and non-GM rice.
GMAW용접에서 와이어의 돌출길이와 전류 및 전압이 알루미늄 재료에 미치는 영향
백상엽(Sang-Yeob Baek),김법헌(Bub-Hun Kim),이칠순(Chil-Soon Lee) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2010 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.15 No.1
As the industrial environment is changed rapidly, organized welding method about nonferrous metals is needed. Taking the advantages of Aluminum that is light and no risk of corrosion, Aluminum has been used for the area of automobile, aircraft, shipbuilding and so forth. Therefore it is unavoidable tendency to weld using Aluminum material. The most important flaw is welding cracks that happen on Aluminum welding. These are high temperature cracks, and they are mainly occurred by segregation of alloyed element in crystal particles or existence of low melting point substance. Blow holes are easier to happen than other metals, Hydrogen is informed as the direct cause of blow holes. Aluminum is easy to be influenced by oxygen of humidity as long as add some heat from outside, so it is difficult to weld and changes its form easily. We welded on this Aluminum material by changing projected length and checked the point to get excellent welding at how much distance. For this study we used pure Aluminum material and Alloy ER 4043 φ1.2 welding rod, also automatic feed mechanism and 500A GMAW machine are used for accurate and stable welding. After welding, we seized internal defects through nondestructive testing and operated hardness test on welding part. After that, we endeavored to look for the conditions by measuring the changes of penetration. Through this study we gained the result about what changes happen on Aluminum material by the difference of projected length, electric current, and voltage in GMAW welding.
인삼 및 청국장 물추출-혼합액으로 제조한 코팅미의 이화학적 특성
백순엽,이명예,이조윤,장경호,Baek Soon-Yeob,Lee Myung-Ye,Lee Jo-Yoon,Chang Kyung-Ho 동아시아식생활학회 2006 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.16 No.1
New application of rice was carried out by coating the rice with the mixture solution of ginseng and chungkukjang water extract The physicochemical characteristics of the coated rice were investigated. Moisture content of uncoated (15.26%) and coated rice$(15.57\sim15.66%)$ was not different significantly. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash of the coated rice were higher as much as $4.28\sim11.82%\;8.47\sim47.46%$, and $11.54\sim42.31%$ than those of control, respectively. As total free amino acids in coated rice were increased by augmenting the amount of the extract, total free amino acids according to rate was increased to $3.1\sim7.8$ times. The major amino acids in the coated rice was alanine$(19.56\sim39.88\;mg%)$, leucine$(5.14\sim17.66\;mg%)$, and proline$(9.98\sim16.82\;mg%)$. Of those amino acids, alanine and $\gamma-aminobutyric$ acid in only coated rice were detected to the level of $19.56\sim39.88\;mg%$ and $7.78\sim12.36\;mg%$ respectively. The calcium amount of coated rice was increased to 15% to 20%. As increasing the coating rate, hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and brittleness of coated rice were decreased, but springiness was increased. Before cooking, the color of coated rice appeared yellow and after cooking turned to the light yellow. The color intensity was increased feasibly as increasing the coating rate. The sensory characteristic of rice coated manufactured by adding 15% of the extract was best and found to be similar to that of the control.
다구찌 방법을 이용한 밀스케일 재활용에 대한 공정변수의 최적화
백석흠(Seok Heum Baek),홍순혁(Soon Hyeok Hong),주원식(Won Sik Joo),김창기(Chang Kee Kim),정유엽(Yu Yeob Jeong),신상운(Shang Woon Shin) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2008 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.25 No.2
With society focusing more and more on environmental issues, the recycling of materials of all types has become an important concern. In this paper, optimization method is developed for reducing cost and improving quality in mill scale recycling. An experimental investigation into the process parameter effects is presented to determine the optimum configuration of parameters for performance, quality and cost. Taguchi's optimization approach was used to obtain the optimal parameters. The significant parameters were identified and their effects on mill scale recycling were studied. As a results, a confirmation experiment with the optimal levels of process parameters was carried out in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Taguchi method.
고각 환형 암시야 주사투과전자현미경기법과 투과전자현미경기법을 이용한 상용 청색 발광다이오드의 종합적인 구조분석
김동엽,홍순구,정태훈,이상헌,백종협,Kim, Dong-Yeob,Hong, Soon-Ku,Chung, Tae-Hoon,Lee, Sang Hern,Baek, Jong Hyeob 한국재료학회 2015 한국재료학회지 Vol.25 No.1
This study suggested comprehensive structural characterization methods for the commercial blue light emitting diodes(LEDs). By using the Z-contrast intensity profile of Cs-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope(HAADF-STEM) images from a commercial lateral GaN-based blue light emitting diode, we obtained important structural information on the epilayer structure of the LED, which would have been difficult to obtain by conventional analysis. This method was simple but very powerful to obtain structural and chemical information on epi-structures in a nanometer-scale resolution. One of the examples was that we could determine whether the barrier in the multi-quantum well(MQW) was GaN or InGaN. Plan-view TEM observations were performed from the commercial blue LED to characterize the threading dislocations(TDs) and the related V-pit defects. Each TD observed in the region with the total LED epilayer structure including the MQW showed V-pit defects for almost of TDs independent of the TD types: edge-, screw-, mixed TDs. The total TD density from the region with the total LED epilayer structure including the MQW was about $3.6{\times}10^8cm^{-2}$ with a relative ratio of Edge- : Screw- :Mixed-TD portion as 80%: 7%: 13%. However, in the mesa-etched region without the MQW total TD density was about $2.5{\times}10^8cm^{-2}$ with a relative ratio of Edge- : Screw- :Mixed-TD portion of 86%: 5%: 9 %. The higher TD density in the total LED epilayer structure implied new generation of TDs mostly from the MQW region.