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( Kei Saito ),( Yousuke Nakai ),( Hiroyuki Isayama ),( Ryuichi Yamamoto ),( Kazumichi Kawakubo ),( Yuzo Kodama ),( Akio Katanuma ),( Atsushi Kanno ),( Masahiro Itonaga ),( Kazuhiko Koike ) 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.1
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of partially covered self-expandable metallic stents (PCSEMS) in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemo (radio) therapy (NAC) for pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods: This was a prospective multicenter study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PC-SEMS in patients receiving NAC for resectable and borderline resectable PC. The primary endpoint was the rate of recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO). Results: Twenty-six patients with PC (three with resectable PC and 23 with borderline resectable PC) who underwent NAC at seven Japanese centers were included in the analysis. Both the technical and functional success rates of PCSEMS placement were 100%. Early stent-related complications were observed in three patients (11.5%): mild pancreatitis (n=2) and mild liver abscess (n=1). The median time to surgery or palliation was 4.0 months. Surgical resection was eventually performed in 73.1% of patients, and stent removal during surgery was successful in all patients. RBO was observed in nine patients (34.6%): seven with stent occlusion, one with kinking and one with migration. The RBO rates in resected cases and nonresected cases were 36.8% and 28.6%, respectively. Conclusions: Biliary drainage by PCSEMS was safe and feasible in patients undergoing NAC for resectable and borderline resectable PC. (Gut Liver 2021;15:135-141)
Bispectral index-guided propofol sedation during endoscopic ultrasonography
Ayana Okamoto,Ken Kamata,Takeshi Miyata,Tomoe Yoshikawa,Rei Ishikawa,Tomohiro Yamazaki,Atsushi Nakai,Shunsuke Omoto,Kosuke Minaga,Kentaro Yamao,Mamoru Takenaka,Yasutaka Chiba,Toshiharu Sakurai,Naoshi 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.4
Background/Aims: Bispectral index (BIS) monitors process and display electroencephalographic data are used to assess the depth ofanesthesia. This study retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of BIS monitoring during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Methods: This study included 725 consecutive patients who underwent EUS under sedation with propofol. BIS monitoring was usedin 364 patients and was not used in 361. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) median dose of propofol; (2) respiratory and circulatorydepression; (3) occurrence of body movements; (4) awakening score >8 at the time; and (5) awakening score 2 hours afterleaving the endoscopy room. Results: The BIS group received a significantly lower median dose of propofol than the non-BIS group (159.2 mg vs. 167.5 mg;p=0.015) in all age groups. For patients aged ≥75 years, the reduction in heart rate was significantly lower in the BIS group than in thenon-BIS group (1.2% vs. 9.1%; p=0.023). Moreover, the occurrence of body movements was markedly lower in the BIS group than inthe non-BIS group (8.5% vs. 39.4%; p<0.001). Conclusions: During EUS examination, BIS monitoring is useful for maintaining a constant depth of anesthesia, especially in patients75 years of age or older.
New Method to Measure the Rise Time of a Fast Pulse Slicer for Laser Ion Acceleration Research
Mori, Michiaki,Yogo, Akifumi,Kiriyama, Hiromitsu,Nishiuchi, Mamiko,Ogura, Koichi,Orimo, Satoshi,Ma, Jinglong,Sagisaka, Akito,Kanazawa, Shuhei,Kondo, Shuji,Nakai, Yoshiki,Akutsu, Atsushi,Yamamoto, Yoic IEEE 2008 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.36 No.4
<P> A dependence of cutoff proton kinetic energy on laser prepulse duration has been observed. Amplified spontaneous emission pedestal duration is controlled by a fast electrooptic pulse slicer where the rise time is estimated to be 130 ps. We demonstrate a new correlated spectral technique for determining this rise time using a stretched frequency-chirped pulse. </P>