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Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver
( Ashish Agarwal ),( Alka Singh ),( Wajiha Mehtab ),( Vipin Gupta ),( Ashish Chauhan ),( Mahendra Singh Rajput ),( Namrata Singh ),( Vineet Ahuja ),( Govind K. Makharia ) 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.1
Background/Aims: Gluten-free diet has an excess of fats and simple sugars and puts patients with celiac disease at risk of metabolic complications including metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. We assessed prevalence of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver in two cohorts of celiac disease. Methods: Study was done in 2 groups. In group 1, 54 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease were recruited. Of them, 44 returned after 1-year of gluten-free diet and were reassessed. In group 2, 130 celiac disease patients on gluten-free diet for ≥1 year were recruited. All patients were assessed for anthropometric and metabolic parameters and fatty liver. Metabolic syndrome was defined as per consensus definition for Asian Indians. Fatty liver was defined as controlled attenuation parameter value >263 decibels by FibroScan. Results: In group 1, of 44 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease, metabolic syndrome was present in 5 patients (11.4%) at baseline and 9 (18.2%) after 1 year of gluten-free diet. Patients having fatty liver increased from 6 patients (14.3%) at baseline to 13 (29.5%) after 1year of gluten-free diet (P=0.002). In group 2, of 130 patients with celiac disease on gluten-free diet for a median duration of 4 years, 30 out of 114 (26.3%) and 30 out of 130 patients (23%) had metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, which increases further with gluten-free diet. These patients should be assessed for nutritional and metabolic features and counseled about balanced diet and physical activity regularly. (Intest Res 2021;19:106-114)
Pachai Poonguzhali(Pachai Poonguzhali ),Ashish Chauhan(Ashish Chauhan ),Abinash Kar(Abinash Kar ),Shivaji Lavale(Shivaji Lavale ),Spurthi N. Nayak(Spurthi N. Nayak ),S. K. Prashanthi(S. K. Prashanthi 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6
Sheath blight disease caused by the necrotrophic, soilborne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, is the global threat to rice production. Lack of reliable stable resistance sources in rice germplasm pool for sheath blight has made resistance breeding a very difficult task. In the current study, 101 rice landraces were screened against R. solani under artificial epiphytotics and identified six moderately resistant landraces, Jigguvaratiga, Honasu, Jeer Sali, Jeeraga-2, BiliKagga, and Medini Sannabatta with relative lesion height (RLH) range of 21-30%. Landrace Jigguvaratiga with consistent and better level of resistance (21% RLH) than resistant check Tetep (RLH 28%) was used to develop mapping population. DNA markers associated with ShB resistance were identified in F2 mapping population developed from Jigguvaratiga × BPT5204 (susceptible variety) using bulk segregant analysis. Among 56 parental polymorphic markers, RM5556, RM6208, and RM7 were polymorphic between the bulks. Single marker analysis indicated the significant association of ShB with RM5556 and RM6208 with phenotypic variance (R2) of 28.29 and 20.06%, respectively. Co-segregation analysis confirmed the strong association of RM5556 and RM6208 located on chromosome 8 for ShB trait. This is the first report on association of RM6208 marker for ShB resistance. In silico analysis revealed that RM6208 loci resides the stearoyl ACP desaturases protein, which is involved in defense mechanism against plant pathogens. RM5556 loci resides a protein, with unknown function. The putative candidate genes or quantitative trait locus harbouring at the marker interval of RM5556 and RM6208 can be further used to develop ShB resistant varieties using molecular breeding approaches.
Sankaranarayanan, Mugesh,Somasundar, Ashok,Seol, Eunhee,Chauhan, Ashish Singh,Kwon, Seongjin,Jung, Gyoo Yeol,Park, Sunghoon Elsevier Science Publishers 2017 Journal of biotechnology Vol.259 No.-
<P>Biological 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) production from glycerol is a two-step reaction catalyzed by glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Recombinant strains developed for 3-HP production often suffer from the accumulation of a toxic intermediate, 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA). In order to avoid 3-HPA accumulation, balancing of the two enzymatic activities, in the present study, was attempted by employment of synthetic-regulatory cassettes comprising varying-strength promoters and bicistronic ribosome binding sites (RBSs). When tested in recombinant Escherichia coli, the cassettes could precisely and differentially control the gene expression in transcription, protein expression and enzymatic activity. Five recombinant strains showing different expressions for GDHt were developed and studied for 3-HPA accumulation and 3-HP production. It was found that 3-HPA accumulation could be completely abolished when expressing ALDH at a level approximately 8-fold higher than that of GDHt. One of the strains, SP4, produced 625 mM (56.4 g/L) of 3-HP in a fed-batch bioreactor, though late-period production was limited by acetate accumulation. Overall, this study demonstrated the importance of pathway balancing in 3-HP production as well as the utility of the synthetic cassette architecture for precise control of bacterial gene expression.</P>
Thi Trinh NGUYEN,Suman LAMA,Satish Kumar AINALA,Mugesh SANKARANARAYANAN,Ashish Singh CHAUHAN,Jung Rae KIM,Sunghoon PARK 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4
Pseudomonas asiatica C1, which could grow on glucose and aerobically synthesize coenzyme B<sub>12</sub>, was isolated and developed as a microbial cell factory for the production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) from glycerol. Three heterologous enzymes, glycerol dehydratase (GDHt), GDHt reactivase (GdrAB) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), constituting the 3-HP synthesis pathway, were introduced, and three putative dehydrogenases, responsible for 3-HP degradation, were disrupted [1, 2]. In addition, the transcriptional repressor glpR and the glycerol kinase glpK were removed to increase glycerol import while eliminating the catabolic use of glycerol. Furthermore, the global regulatory protein encoded by crc and several putative oxidoreductases (PDORs) were disrupted. One resulting strain, when grown on glucose, could produce 3-HP at ~700 mM in 48 h in a fed-batch bioreactor experiment, with the molar yield >0.99 on glycerol without much by-products. This study demonstrates that P. asiatica C1 is a promising host for production of 3-HP from glycerol.