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Asare Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah,Robinson Suzanne,Kwasnicka Dominika,Powell Daniel 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.1
Whilst Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can provide important insights over time and across contexts among rotation workers whose work periods alternate with leave at home, it can also be challenging to implement in the resources and construction sectors. This review aimed to provide a summary of the methodological characteristics of EMA studies assessing health outcomes and related behaviors in rotation workers. Systematic searches in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were done to include 23 studies using EMA methods in assessing health-related outcomes and behaviors. EMA designs included daily diary: assessments once per day typically fixed at the end of day (47.8%), within day fixed interval time-based design: assessments on multiple times per day at certain times of day (17.4%) and combination of both designs (34.8%). Studies employed paper and pencil diaries (73.9%) and one or more electronic methods (60.9%): wrist-worn actigraphy device (52.2%) and online-based diaries (26.1%) for data collection. Most of the studies (91.3%) did not report prompting -EMAs by schedule alerts or compliance. Daily diary and within day fixed interval dairies designs are common, with the increasing use of electronic EMA delivery techniques. It is unclear how well participants adhere to assessment schedules, as these are inadequately reported. Researchers should report compliance-related information.
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Improving Remedial Measures from Incident Investigations: A Study Across Ghanaian Mines
Joe-Asare Theophilus,Stemn Eric 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2024 Safety and health at work Vol.15 No.1
ackground Learning from incidents for accident prevention is a two-stage process, involving the investigation of past accidents to identify the causal factors, followed by the identification and implementation of remedial measures to address the identified causal factors. The focus of past research has been on the identification of causal factors, with limited focus on the identification and implementation of remedial measures. This research begins to contribute to this gap. The motivation for the research is twofold. First, previous analyses show the recurring nature of accidents within the Ghanaian mining industry, and the causal factors also remain the same. This raises questions on the nature and effectiveness of remedial measures identified to address the causes of past accidents. Secondly, without identifying and implementing remedial measures, the full benefits of accident investigations will not be achieved. Hence, this study aims to assess the nature of remedial measures proposed to address investigation causal factors. Method The study adopted SMARTER from business studies with the addition of HMW (H – Hierarchical, M – Mapping, and W – Weighting of causal factors) to analyse the recommendations from 500 individual investigation reports across seven different mines in Ghana. Results The individual and the work environment (79%) were mostly the focused during the search for causes, with limited focus on organisational factors (21%). Forty eight percentage of the recommendations were administrative, focussing on fixing the problem in the immediate affected area or department of the victim(s). Most recommendations (70.4%) were support activities that only enhance the effectiveness of control but do not prevent/mitigate the failure directly. Across all the mines, there was no focus on evaluating the performance of remedial measures after their implementation. Conclusion Identifying sharp-end causes leads to proposing weak recommendations which fail to address latent organisational conditions. The study proposed a guide for effective planning and implementation of remedial actions. ackground Learning from incidents for accident prevention is a two-stage process, involving the investigation of past accidents to identify the causal factors, followed by the identification and implementation of remedial measures to address the identified causal factors. The focus of past research has been on the identification of causal factors, with limited focus on the identification and implementation of remedial measures. This research begins to contribute to this gap. The motivation for the research is twofold. First, previous analyses show the recurring nature of accidents within the Ghanaian mining industry, and the causal factors also remain the same. This raises questions on the nature and effectiveness of remedial measures identified to address the causes of past accidents. Secondly, without identifying and implementing remedial measures, the full benefits of accident investigations will not be achieved. Hence, this study aims to assess the nature of remedial measures proposed to address investigation causal factors. Method The study adopted SMARTER from business studies with the addition of HMW (H – Hierarchical, M – Mapping, and W – Weighting of causal factors) to analyse the recommendations from 500 individual investigation reports across seven different mines in Ghana. Results The individual and the work environment (79%) were mostly the focused during the search for causes, with limited focus on organisational factors (21%). Forty eight percentage of the recommendations were administrative, focussing on fixing the problem in the immediate affected area or department of the victim(s). Most recommendations (70.4%) were support activities that only enhance the effectiveness of control but do not prevent/mitigate the failure directly. Across all the mines, there was no focus on evaluating the performance of remedial measures after their implementation. Conclusion Identifying sharp-end causes leads to proposing weak recommendations which fail to address latent organisational conditions. The study proposed a guide for effective planning and implementation of remedial actions.
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Crystal growth of small-molecule organic semiconductors with nucleation additive
He Zhengran,Zhang Ziyang,Asare-Yeboah Kyeiwaa,Bi Sheng,Chen Jihua,Li Dawen 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.21 No.-
In this study, we employ a nucleation additive 4-octylbenzoic acid (OBA) with an optimized solvent evaporation method to regulate crystal orientation and grain width of small-molecule organic semiconductors. When 6,13-bis (triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) was utilized as a benchmark material to mix with the additive, a self-assembled OBA interfacial layer was formed and promoted uniform deposition of nucleation seeds. As a result, the TIPS pentacene/OBA blend crystalline film exhibited crystal alignment in long range order, attributing to a 11-fold reduction of the crystal misorientation angle and a 4-fold increase of the grain width. We further discussed the important correlation between the effective hole mobility, grain boundaries, grain width and length, and nucleation sites. Organic thin film transistors were fabricated to test charge transport, yielding a hole mobility of up to 0.17 cm2/V. This work provides a new pathway to modulate the nucleation and crystallization events of organic semiconductors, and can potentially be applied to optimize the thin film morphology and electrical performance of organic semiconducting materials in general.
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송재림,Theophilus Siaw Asare,강미영,이상철 한국자원식물학회 2018 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.31 No.6
Roasting has revealed coffee’s potentials as a good source of bioactive compounds. This study was done toinvestigate the quantitative presence and activity of bioactive compounds including caffeine, chlorogenic acid (CGA),amino acids, and antioxidant capacity on Coffea arabica L. (Guatemala finca San Sebastian) and C. robusta L. (India AzadHind). Analysis was performed on Green Bean (GB) Medium-Light (ML), Medium (ME) and Medium-Dark (MD) samplesof both varieties. From the results, caffeine content was highest in ME samples of both varieties. GB samples of bothvarieties had high CGA content which decreased after increasing roasting time and temperature. Most amino acids in GBsamples was highest, however, glutamic acid, valine, tyrosine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine had highestquantitative increase in ME samples for both varieties. IC50 of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity was highest inML samples of both varieties. IC50 of reducing power and total phenolic content was highest in GB sample of both varietiesbut decreased after increasing roasting conditions. Generally Robusta had the highest quantity of bioactive compounds andantioxidant activity. From this study, the optimal roasting condition for coffee is ME above which there is a significantreduction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.
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Nana Okyir Baidoo,Yaw Osei-Asare,Charles Yaw Okyere,김태윤,Daniel Bruce Sarpong 한국국제농업개발학회 2024 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.36 No.1
The cocoa sub-sector is an important pillar of Ghana’s economic stability and growth prospects; the sub-sector contributes to fiscal stability, infrastructure, and employment. In recent times, diversification has become a common observable feature in the industry. This study uses the conditional mixed process approach to examine the interaction between the diversification status and profitability of cocoa farming simultaneously in a single system. Using data from 401 farmers in the Western and Ashanti regions of Ghana in 2022, the study found that more profitable farmers were more likely to diversify. Conversely, diversified farmers were likely to be more profitable than non-diversified farmers. It also found that the farmer's age, experience, farm area, and location of the farm impacted both the profitability and diversification status of farmers. Thus, it is suggested that policymakers should direct policies and programs to support the creation of alternative farm-based livelihoods for farmers.
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Solvent Exchange in Controlling Semiconductor Morphology
Zhengran He,Ziyang Zhang,Kyeiwaa Asare-Yeboah,Sheng Bi 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.6
Recent studies in solution processed, small molecular organic semiconductors have reported unparalleled advances in charge carrier mobilities, warranting promising application in organic electronic devices such as organic gas sensors and complimentary circuits. However, the in-solution crystallization of small molecular organic semiconductors has presented specific challenges including crystal misorientation, grain boundary and mobility variation. In this article, we first discuss the effects of these issues on charge transport and highlight the virtues of solvent choices to optimize the semiconductor morphology. Then, we conduct an in-depth review of the miscellaneous solvent exchange methods to effectively palliate these challenges. By discussing various benchmark semiconductor materials such as 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) and perylenetetracarboxyldiimide derivatives (PTCDI-Cn), we demonstrate the solvent exchange-based crystallization methods can modulate supramolecular aggregation, promote nucleation formation, improve semiconductor alignment, change crystal dimensionality, and enhance charge transport. We believe this work provides useful comprehension of employing the solvent exchange methods to powerfully regulate the crystallization, morphology and mobility of organic semiconductors, and thereby casts light on high performance organic electronic applications.
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