Intrusion Detection

Ahmed R. Fares,Mohamed I. Sharawy,Hala H. Zayed 한국정보과학회 2011 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.5 No.4

Due to the expansion of high-speed Internet access, the need for secure and reliable networks has become more critical. The sophistication of network attacks, as well as their severity, has also increased recently. As such, more and more organizations are becoming vulnerable to attack. The aim of this research is to classify network attacks using neural networks (NN), which leads to a higher detection rate and a lower false alarm rate in a shorter time. This paper focuses on two classification types: a single class (normal, or attack), and a multi class (normal, DoS, PRE, R2L, U2R), where the category of attack is also detected by the NN. Extensive analysis is conducted in order to assess the translation of symbolic data, partitioning of the training data and the complexity of the architecture. This paper investigates two engines; the first engine is the back-propagation neural network intrusion detection system (BPNNIDS) and the second engine is the radial basis function neural network intrusion detection system (BPNNIDS).The two engines proposed in this paper are tested against traditional and other machine learning algorithms using a common dataset: the DARPA 98 KDD99 benchmark dataset from International Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Tools. BPNNIDS shows a superior response compared to the other techniques reported in literature especially in terms of response time, detection rate and false positive rate.

Facile diazonium modification of pomegranate peel biochar: a stupendous derived relationship between thermal and Raman analyses

Khalil Ahmed M.,Msaadi Radhia,Sassi Wafa,Ghanmi Imen,Pires Rémy,Michely Laurent,Snoussi Youssef,Chevillot-Biraud Alexandre,Lau-Truong Stéphanie,Chehimi Mohamed M. 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.6

There is an ever growing interest in the development of biochar from a large variety of agrowastes. Herein, the main objective is the conversion of pomegranate peel powder biochar and its post-functionalization by phosphoric acid treatment, followed by arylation organic reaction. The latter was conducted using in situ-generated diazonium salts of 4-aminobenzoic acid (H2N-C6H4-COOH), sulfanilic acid (H2N-C6H4-SO3H) and Azure A dye. The effect of diazonium nature and concentration on the arylation process was monitored using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SEM pictures showed micrometer-sized biochar particles with tubular structure having about 10–20 µm-wide channels. SEM studies have shown that arylation did not affect the morphology upon arylation. The porous structure did not collapse and withstood the arylation organic reaction in acid medium did not collapse upon arylation. TGA and Raman indicated gradual changes in the arylation of biochar at initial concentrations 10–5, 10–4 and 10–3 mol L−1 of 4-aminobenzoic acid. The detailed Raman spectra peak fittings indicate that the D/G peak intensity ratio leveled off at 3.35 for 4-aminobenzoic acid initial concentration of 10–4 mol L−1, and no more change was observed, even at higher aryl group mass loading. This is in line with formation of oligoaryl grafts rather than the grafting of new aryl groups directly to the biochar surface. Interestingly, Azure A diazonium salt induced much lower extent of surface modification, likely due to steric hindrance. To the very best of our knowledge, this is the first report on diazonium modification of agrowaste-derived biochar and opens new avenues for arylated biochar and its applications.

Composition-induced influence on the electronic band structure, optical and thermoelectric coefficients of the highly mismatched GaNSb alloy over the entire range: A DFT analysis

Ul Haq, Bakhtiar,Ahmed, R.,Rhee, Joo Yull,Shaari, A.,AlFaify, S.,Ahmed, M. Elsevier 2017 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.693 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Capable of achieving wide control over energy band gap and following optoelectronic properties; the highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) are considered to be promising materials for solar energy conversion devices. The dramatic restructuring of energy bands and density of states in HMAs caused by the replacement of anions with distinctly-mismatched isovalent constituents could further be an important course in improving their thermoelectric efficiency. In this paper, we attempt to explore and address the composition-induced modifications in the electronic band structure and the resultant effects on optical spectra and thermoelectric coefficients of GaN<SUB>1−x</SUB>Sb<SUB>x</SUB> based HMAs in the framework of density functional theory. We observe, the substitution of N by Sb, considerably affects its band structure and split the conduction band minimum (CBM) into sub-bands. With increasing Sb composition, the lowest sub-band stemmed from N-s electrons has experienced drastic downward shift leading to energy gap narrowing. Interestingly, the energy gap narrowing along R- Γ is found to be faster than that of Γ- Γ point leading to an amazing direct to indirect band gap crossover. On the other hand, the composition-induced energy gap narrowing stimulates the red-shift in fundamental absorption edge in both ultraviolet and the infrared regime, making the GaNSb potentially useful material for photovoltaic applications. In addition, substantial effect on the thermoelectric coefficients of GaNSb is also observed via Sb substitution. We obtain larger Seebeck coefficient, improved power factors and figure of merit (ZT) for GaNSb at low Sb substitution and found diminishing effect with the further increase of Sb composition. With enhanced Seebeck coefficient, power factor and ZT values at modest doping levels, GaNSb alloy could be a promising candidate for near or above room temperature thermoelectric applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Alloying of GaNSb across entire composition in the framework of DFT. </LI> <LI> The striking direct to indirect energy gap cross over. </LI> <LI> Enhanced absorption in ultraviolet, visible and infrared energy regime. </LI> <LI> Comprehensive investigations of thermoelectric properties of GaNSb alloy. </LI> </UL> </P>

Lead Sorption by Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Powdered Activated Carbon - Kinetics and Equilibrium

Abdullah Al Mamun,Yehya M. Ahmed,Ma'an Fahmi R. AlKhatib,Ahmad Tariq Jameel,Mohammed Abdul Hakeem Abdul Rahman AlSaadi 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.2

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized by using a safe and less hazardous method, compared to using floating catalysts in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. This process used C2H2 as carbon source and oil palm kernel shell-based powdered activated carbon (PAC) as cheap solid substrate. Use of nickel (Ni2+) impregnated PAC as fixed substrate for the synthesis of CNF is one of the novelties of the research work accomplished by the authors. The PAC–CNFs porous nanocomposite product was used for the sorption of lead ions (Pb2+) from synthetic aqueous solution. Kinetics of Pb2+ adsorption and isotherms were investigated by varying initial concentration of lead and contact time. PAC–CNFs were found to remove Pb2+ better at acidic pH of about 5.5. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were applied to the sorption equilibrium data to find the best fitted model. Langmuir isotherm model with R2=0.965 fitted the adsorption data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic processes of Pb2+ adsorption on CNFs were investigated by applying different kinetic models, namely zero-order, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The pseudo-second-order rate equation exhibited the best results with R=0.999, qe=74.79 (mg/g) and K2=0.029 (min·g/mg). The novel nanocomposite product seemed to have the potential to remove Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution.

Enhanced electromechanical properties of (1-x)BiFeO₃-BaTiO₃-xLiNbO₃ ceramics by quenching process

Ahmed Malik, R.,Hussain, A.,Kwon Song, T.,Kim, W.J.,Ahmed, R.,Soo Sung, Y.,Kim, M.H. Elsevier 2017 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.43 No.suppl1

A new lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1-x) (0.67Bi<SUB>1.05</SUB>FeO<SUB>3</SUB> - 0.33BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB>)-x LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB>, abbreviated as BFBT-LNx (x = 0.00-0.030), were fabricated by conventional mixed oxide route following by quenching process and crystal structure and electromechanical properties were discussed. X-ray diffraction pattern showed that LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> addition into 0.67Bi<SUB>1.05</SUB>FeO<SUB>3</SUB> - 0.33BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> system did not caused any significant change in crystal structure. However, an obvious variation in electrical properties was observed. It is revealed from electrical properties that the modification of LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> induces a phase transition from a ferroelectric to relaxor state in the 0.67Bi<SUB>1.05</SUB>FeO<SUB>3</SUB> - 0.33BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> system. At optimum composition (x = 0.010), enhanced field-induced strain with large dynamic piezoelectric constant S<SUB>max</SUB>/E<SUB>max</SUB> = d<SUP>*</SUP><SUB>33</SUB> = 500pm / V at a relatively low field of 3.5kV / mm with lower hysteresis loss of 40% was recorded. For this composition, a high Curie temperature T<SUB>C</SUB> ~ 390<SUP>o</SUP>C was found. These properties suggests that the synthesized system is promising for high temperature actuator applications.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Singh, Vikas Kumar,Upadhyay, Priti,Sinha, Pallavi,Mall, Ashish Kumar,Ellur, Ranjith K.,Singh, Atul,Jaiswal, Sanjay K.,Biradar, Sunil,Ramakrishna, S.,Sundaram, R.M.,Ahmed, Ilyas,Viraktamath, B.C.,Kole, 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36 to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with $F_1$ performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = $-0.325^*$; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD), the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding, two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Vikas Kumar Singh,Priti Upadhyay,Pallavi Sinha,Ashish Kumar Mall,Ranjith K. Ellur,Atul Singh,Sanjay K.Jaiswal,Sunil Biradar,S. Ramakrishna,R.M. Sundaram,Ilyas Ahmed,B. C. Viraktamath,C. Kole,Sukhpal S 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with F1 performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = -0.325*; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD),the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding,two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

DEVELOPMENT OF TILAPIA AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN

R.S.N. Janjua,Kevin Fitzsimmons,Ahmed Shoaib,John Woiwode 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

Adaptive threshold and optimal frame duration for multi-taper spectrum sensing in cognitive radio

Ahmed O. Abdul Salam,Ray E. Sheriff,Saleh R. Al-Araji,Kahtan Mezher,Qassim Nasir 한국통신학회 2019 ICT Express Vol.5 No.1

This paper delivers an accurate approximation for adaptive threshold and optimal frame detection algorithms based on the robust multi-taper method aiming at an efficient spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems. An appropriate adaptive thresholding allows for seamless vacation of unlicensed secondary users from certain bands upon primary users’ requests, while arbitrary optimal frame detection contributes to the computational and throughput demands. Simulation exercises corroborate the given analysis over Rayleigh channel and multiple-input multiple-output configuration and emphasize the critical role of adopting applicable adaptive threshold and optimal frame detection policies.

A sinusoidal plate theory with 5-unknowns and stretching effect for thermomechanical bending of functionally graded sandwich plates

Ahmed Hamidi,Abdelouahed Tounsi,Mohammed Sid Ahmed Houari,S. R. Mahmoud 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.1

In this research, a simple but accurate sinusoidal plate theory for the thermomechanical bending analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates is presented. The main advantage of this approach is that, in addition to incorporating the thickness stretching effect, it deals with only 5 unknowns as the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT), instead of 6 as in the well-known conventional sinusoidal plate theory (SPT). The material properties of the sandwich plate faces are assumed to vary according to a power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The core layer is made of an isotropic ceramic material. Comparison studies are performed to check the validity of the present results from which it can be concluded that the proposed theory is accurate and efficient in predicting the thermomechanical behavior of functionally graded sandwich plates. The effect of side-to-thickness ratio, aspect ratio, the volume fraction exponent, and the loading conditions on the thermomechanical response of functionally graded sandwich plates is also investigated and discussed.