Nonlinear transient analysis of FG pipe subjected to internal pressure and unsteady temperature in a natural gas facility

Ahmed E. Soliman,Mohamed A. Eltaher,Mohamed A. Attia,Amal E. Alshorbagy 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.66 No.1

This study investigates the response of functionally graded (FG) gas pipe under unsteady internal pressure and temperature. The pipe is proposed to be manufactured from FGMs rather than custom carbon steel, to reduce the erosion, corrosion, pressure surge and temperature variation effects caused by conveying of gases. The distribution of material graduations are obeying power and sigmoidal functions varying with the pipe thickness. The sigmoidal distribution is proposed for the 1st time in analysis of FG pipe structure. A Two-dimensional (2D) plane strain problem is proposed to model the pipe cross-section. The Fourier law is applied to describe the heat flux and temperature variation through the pipe thickness. The time variation of internal pressure is described by using exponential-harmonic function. The proposed problem is solved numerically by a two-dimensional (2D) plane strain finite element ABAQUS software. Nine-node isoparametric element is selected. The proposed model is verified with published results. The effects of material graduation, material function, temperature and internal pressures on the response of FG gas pipe are investigated. The coupled temperature and displacement FEM solution is used to find a solution for the stress displacement and temperature fields simultaneously because the thermal and mechanical solutions affected greatly by each other. The obtained results present the applicability of alternative FGM materials rather than classical A106Gr.B steel. According to proposed model and numerical results, the FGM pipe is more effective in natural gas application, especially in eliminating the corrosion, erosion and reduction of stresses.

Nonlinear transient analysis of FG pipe subjected to internal pressure and unsteady temperature in a natural gas facility

Soliman, Ahmed E.,Eltaher, Mohamed A.,Attia, Mohamed A.,Alshorbagy, Amal E. Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.66 No.1

This study investigates the response of functionally graded (FG) gas pipe under unsteady internal pressure and temperature. The pipe is proposed to be manufactured from FGMs rather than custom carbon steel, to reduce the erosion, corrosion, pressure surge and temperature variation effects caused by conveying of gases. The distribution of material graduations are obeying power and sigmoidal functions varying with the pipe thickness. The sigmoidal distribution is proposed for the 1st time in analysis of FG pipe structure. A Two-dimensional (2D) plane strain problem is proposed to model the pipe cross-section. The Fourier law is applied to describe the heat flux and temperature variation through the pipe thickness. The time variation of internal pressure is described by using exponential-harmonic function. The proposed problem is solved numerically by a two-dimensional (2D) plane strain finite element ABAQUS software. Nine-node isoparametric element is selected. The proposed model is verified with published results. The effects of material graduation, material function, temperature and internal pressures on the response of FG gas pipe are investigated. The coupled temperature and displacement FEM solution is used to find a solution for the stress displacement and temperature fields simultaneously because the thermal and mechanical solutions affected greatly by each other. The obtained results present the applicability of alternative FGM materials rather than classical A106Gr.B steel. According to proposed model and numerical results, the FGM pipe is more effective in natural gas application, especially in eliminating the corrosion, erosion and reduction of stresses.

Impact of hydrophobic tails of new phospho-zwitterionic surfactants on the structure, catalytic, and biological activities of AgNPs

Ahmed H. Elged,Samy M. Shaban,M.M. Eluskkary,I. Aiad,E.A. Soliman,Asma M. Elsharif,김동환 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.94 No.-

In this study, three anionic-cationic zwitterionic Gemini surfactants containing three differenthydrophobic tails were prepared and their chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier transforminfrared (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The hydrophobic tail of thesynthesized phospho-zwitterionic Gemini surfactants significantly affected the morphological structureof silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) prepared using a photochemical reduction method, which utilizedsunlight as a surplus source of a reducing agent. Increasing the hydrophobic tail length of the surfactantpromoted the formation of AgNPs exhibiting smaller particle sizes with a uniform structure. Moreover, asconfirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmissionelectron microscopy (TEM), these AgNPs displayed higher stability in solution than those synthesized inthe presence of Gemini surfactants with a shorter hydrocarbon tail. The impact of tail variation on thecatalytic and antimicrobial performance of AgNPs was also examined. The synthesized surfactant/AgNPsystems showed remarkable catalytic activity in the removal of certain toxic pollutants, including paranitrophenol(p-NP) and methylene blue (MB), which were converted into less toxic compounds in thepresence of NaBH4. Notably, the surfactant exhibiting the longest chain hydrocarbon, i.e., ZGH, producedAgNPs with the highest catalytic activity. This is thefirst study concerning the effects of the surfactant tailon the catalytic activity of NPs. The good biological performance of the synthesized Gemini surfactantsagainst sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) demonstrated their potential for application in mitigating thegrowth of SRB during petroleum treatment processes. The combination of the synthesized surfactantswith AgNPs significantly enhanced their biological performance.

Analysis of crack occurs under unsteady pressure and temperature in a natural gas facility by applying FGM

Mohamed A. Eltaher,Mohamed A. Attia,Ahmed E. Soliman,Amal E. Alshorbagy 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.66 No.1

Cracking can lead to unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metals subjected to a tensile stress, especially at elevated temperature. This article is raised to study the application of a composite material instead of the traditional carbon steel material used in the natural gas transmission pipeline because the cracks occurs in the pipeline initiate at its internal surface which is subjected to internal high fluctuated pressure and unsteady temperature according to actual operation conditions. Functionally graded material (FGM) is proposed to benefit from the ceramics durability and its surface hardness against erosion. FGM properties are graded at the radial direction. Finite element method (FEM) is applied and solved by ABAQUS software including FORTRAN subroutines adapted for this case of study. The stress intensity factor (SIF), temperatures and stresses are discussed to obtain the optimum FGM configuration under the actual conditions of pressure and temperature. Thermoelastic analysis of a plane strain model is adopted to study SIF and material response at various crack depths.

Analysis of crack occurs under unsteady pressure and temperature in a natural gas facility by applying FGM

Eltaher, Mohamed A.,Attia, Mohamed A.,Soliman, Ahmed E.,Alshorbagy, Amal E. Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.66 No.1

Cracking can lead to unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metals subjected to a tensile stress, especially at elevated temperature. This article is raised to study the application of a composite material instead of the traditional carbon steel material used in the natural gas transmission pipeline because the cracks occurs in the pipeline initiate at its internal surface which is subjected to internal high fluctuated pressure and unsteady temperature according to actual operation conditions. Functionally graded material (FGM) is proposed to benefit from the ceramics durability and its surface hardness against erosion. FGM properties are graded at the radial direction. Finite element method (FEM) is applied and solved by ABAQUS software including FORTRAN subroutines adapted for this case of study. The stress intensity factor (SIF), temperatures and stresses are discussed to obtain the optimum FGM configuration under the actual conditions of pressure and temperature. Thermoelastic analysis of a plane strain model is adopted to study SIF and material response at various crack depths.